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How do counsellors assess pre and post bereavement needs and implement support to children/young people and their families within children's hospice services throughout the U.K.?Buscombe, Christine Rose January 2013 (has links)
The rationale for this study arose from the researcher’s own practice as a children’s hospice counsellor, being given the challenge of providing emotional support to all those wishing to access a counselling service within a children’s hospice. How could one counsellor fulfil such a responsibility? What was meant by the term “support?” What part did the hospice’s multi-disciplinary team play within the provision of this support? Such questions, the researcher felt, needed to be put to a wider audience and the aim of this study was to examine children’s hospice counsellors’ practice of assessing needs and implementing pre and post bereavement support to children/young people and their families who access a U.K. children’s hospice service. A phenomenological approach was adopted and in-depth, semi-structured interviews with seven children’s hospice counsellors were transcribed verbatim. The researcher identified salient information and categorised forming themes using thematic analysis. Quotes were selected that captured the semantics of these themes.The main findings were that pre-bereavement support activities were being provided by members of the hospices’ multi-disciplinary teams. The assessment of needs during the this stage was found to be carried out by members of the nursing staff encompassing medical as well as psycho-social needs. It was also discovered that children’s hospice counsellors were more actively engaged in post-bereavement support and informally assessing bereavement needs. In addition, bereavement needs assessment was being carried out by a variety of professionals who had had some involvement with the family during the pre-bereavement stage.Implications of the findings suggested that counsellors could be more actively involved in pre-bereavement assessment of families’ needs. It was also indicated from the results that in-depth training on anticipatory grief and the grieving process, as well as supervision of other professionals supporting family members, could be delivered by children’s hospice counsellors.It was recommended that the subject of assessment of both pre and post bereavement needs of the diverse client groups accessing support services be opened up for wider debate and dialogue within the arena of children’s hospice services and paediatric palliative care.
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Identificação de fatores associados à aderência ao tratamento, reinternação hospitalar e necessidades de cuidados de pacientes inseridos na rede pública de assistência em saúde mental / Identification of the factors associated to treatment adherence, psychiatric readmission and needs for care of patients admitted in the public mental health networkSantos, Maria Eugênia de Simone Brito dos 16 October 2015 (has links)
Na atual conjuntura assistencial em saúde mental, em que se prioriza modalidades de tratamento comunitário, o efetivo funcionamento da rede de assistência ao portador de transtorno mental é de vital importância. A região de Ribeirão Preto-SP, durante o processo de desinstitucionalização de pacientes com transtorno mental das últimas décadas, assistiu à diminuição substancial do número de leitos psiquiátricos e à criação de novos serviços comunitários, que mais recentemente parecem não ser suficientes para atender à demanda de internação existente. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos associados à má aderência ao tratamento, às readmissões hospitalares e às necessidades de cuidados não atendidas de pacientes com transtorno mental, pois essas informações juntas podem ser um indicador de qualidade da assistência oferecida. Inovou-se, ao utilizar em um estudo brasileiro, na área da saúde mental, o índice de vulnerabilidade social como uma variável sociodemográfica, e também por se avaliarem as necessidades de cuidados dos pacientes da rede de assistência utilizando a Camberwell Assessment of Needs (CAN), instrumento mundialmente utilizado para esse fim. Foi realizada busca de todos os 933 pacientes psiquiátricos que apresentaram um transtorno mental que foi grave o suficiente para justificar suas primeiras internações nos anos de 2006 e 2007, nos hospitais com leitos psiquiátricos em Ribeirão Preto. Como a busca foi do indivíduo na comunidade, independente do seu vínculo com serviços de saúde, esse desenho conferiu ao estudo uma característica naturalística do que aconteceu aos pacientes na rede assistencial em um período mínimo de quatro anos após a primeira internação. Por meio de entrevista com 333 pacientes, identificou-se taxa de aderência de 59,6%, e os fatores associados à melhor aderência ao tratamento foram: maior faixa etária, inatividade profissional e internação em hospital geral; enquanto o diagnóstico de transtorno relacionado ao uso de substâncias psicoativas associou-se a pior aderência. Em relação à taxa de reinternação, 22,2% dos pacientes foram reinternados no período. A inatividade profissional, a internação índice com 31 dias ou mais e diagnósticos de mania e transtornos psicóticos do tipo esquizofrênico associaram-se positivamente à readmissão hospitalar. Finalmente, a média de necessidades de cuidados não atingidas encontrada foi de 4,5, similar aos resultados de países desenvolvidos. Nesta amostra, as variáveis significativamente associadas com maiores escores na CAN foram: menos anos de estudo, inatividade laboral e o fato de morar com o companheiro. Os dados do presente estudo alcançaram os objetivos propostos e trouxeram informações sobre o perfil dos pacientes que necessitam de mais assistência e devem ser priorizados pelas políticas públicas de saúde. / In the current context of mental health where community mental services are a priority, the effective operation of the health care network for people with mental disorders is essential. During the process of deinstitutionalization of patients with mental disorders over the past decades, the region of Ribeirão Preto SP witnessed a substantial decrease in the number of psychiatric beds and the creation of new community services, which, however, cannot meet the current demands for hospitalization. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated to poor treatment adherence, readmissions and unmet needs of patients with mental disorders. Such information, taken together, can provide an indicator of the quality of health care delivered. The use of an index of social vulnerability as a socio-demographic variable in a Brazilian study in the field of mental health is an innovation, as well as the assessment of care needs by patients admitted in the local mental health network through the Camberwell Assessment of Needs (CAN), a tool used worldwide for this purpose. In our search, we identified all the 933 psychiatric patients who had a sufficiently serious mental disorder that justified their first admissions in 2006 and 2007, in hospitals with psychiatric beds in Ribeirão Preto. Since the individuals were contacted in their community, regardless of their attachment to health services, this design conferred to the study a naturalistic feature of what happened to the patients in the health network for a minimum period of 4 years after the first admission. In the interviews of the 333 patients, we identified a rate of adherence to treatment of 59.6%, and the factors associated to better adherence to treatment were older age, professional inactivity and hospitalization in a general hospital, while a diagnosis of disorder related to the use of psychoactive substances was associated to the worst treatment adherence. Regarding the rate of hospital readmission, 22.2% of the patients were readmitted in the period. Inactivity, hospitalization for 31 days or more and diagnoses of mania and psychotic disorders were positively associated with hospital readmission. Finally, the average rate of unmet care needs was 4.5, similar to the results from developed countries. In our sample, the variables significantly associated to higher scores in the CAN were less years of schooling, inactivity and living with a partner. Our data achieved the proposed goals and brought information on the profile of the patients who require more care and should be a priority of the public health policies.
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Identificação de fatores associados à aderência ao tratamento, reinternação hospitalar e necessidades de cuidados de pacientes inseridos na rede pública de assistência em saúde mental / Identification of the factors associated to treatment adherence, psychiatric readmission and needs for care of patients admitted in the public mental health networkMaria Eugênia de Simone Brito dos Santos 16 October 2015 (has links)
Na atual conjuntura assistencial em saúde mental, em que se prioriza modalidades de tratamento comunitário, o efetivo funcionamento da rede de assistência ao portador de transtorno mental é de vital importância. A região de Ribeirão Preto-SP, durante o processo de desinstitucionalização de pacientes com transtorno mental das últimas décadas, assistiu à diminuição substancial do número de leitos psiquiátricos e à criação de novos serviços comunitários, que mais recentemente parecem não ser suficientes para atender à demanda de internação existente. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos associados à má aderência ao tratamento, às readmissões hospitalares e às necessidades de cuidados não atendidas de pacientes com transtorno mental, pois essas informações juntas podem ser um indicador de qualidade da assistência oferecida. Inovou-se, ao utilizar em um estudo brasileiro, na área da saúde mental, o índice de vulnerabilidade social como uma variável sociodemográfica, e também por se avaliarem as necessidades de cuidados dos pacientes da rede de assistência utilizando a Camberwell Assessment of Needs (CAN), instrumento mundialmente utilizado para esse fim. Foi realizada busca de todos os 933 pacientes psiquiátricos que apresentaram um transtorno mental que foi grave o suficiente para justificar suas primeiras internações nos anos de 2006 e 2007, nos hospitais com leitos psiquiátricos em Ribeirão Preto. Como a busca foi do indivíduo na comunidade, independente do seu vínculo com serviços de saúde, esse desenho conferiu ao estudo uma característica naturalística do que aconteceu aos pacientes na rede assistencial em um período mínimo de quatro anos após a primeira internação. Por meio de entrevista com 333 pacientes, identificou-se taxa de aderência de 59,6%, e os fatores associados à melhor aderência ao tratamento foram: maior faixa etária, inatividade profissional e internação em hospital geral; enquanto o diagnóstico de transtorno relacionado ao uso de substâncias psicoativas associou-se a pior aderência. Em relação à taxa de reinternação, 22,2% dos pacientes foram reinternados no período. A inatividade profissional, a internação índice com 31 dias ou mais e diagnósticos de mania e transtornos psicóticos do tipo esquizofrênico associaram-se positivamente à readmissão hospitalar. Finalmente, a média de necessidades de cuidados não atingidas encontrada foi de 4,5, similar aos resultados de países desenvolvidos. Nesta amostra, as variáveis significativamente associadas com maiores escores na CAN foram: menos anos de estudo, inatividade laboral e o fato de morar com o companheiro. Os dados do presente estudo alcançaram os objetivos propostos e trouxeram informações sobre o perfil dos pacientes que necessitam de mais assistência e devem ser priorizados pelas políticas públicas de saúde. / In the current context of mental health where community mental services are a priority, the effective operation of the health care network for people with mental disorders is essential. During the process of deinstitutionalization of patients with mental disorders over the past decades, the region of Ribeirão Preto SP witnessed a substantial decrease in the number of psychiatric beds and the creation of new community services, which, however, cannot meet the current demands for hospitalization. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated to poor treatment adherence, readmissions and unmet needs of patients with mental disorders. Such information, taken together, can provide an indicator of the quality of health care delivered. The use of an index of social vulnerability as a socio-demographic variable in a Brazilian study in the field of mental health is an innovation, as well as the assessment of care needs by patients admitted in the local mental health network through the Camberwell Assessment of Needs (CAN), a tool used worldwide for this purpose. In our search, we identified all the 933 psychiatric patients who had a sufficiently serious mental disorder that justified their first admissions in 2006 and 2007, in hospitals with psychiatric beds in Ribeirão Preto. Since the individuals were contacted in their community, regardless of their attachment to health services, this design conferred to the study a naturalistic feature of what happened to the patients in the health network for a minimum period of 4 years after the first admission. In the interviews of the 333 patients, we identified a rate of adherence to treatment of 59.6%, and the factors associated to better adherence to treatment were older age, professional inactivity and hospitalization in a general hospital, while a diagnosis of disorder related to the use of psychoactive substances was associated to the worst treatment adherence. Regarding the rate of hospital readmission, 22.2% of the patients were readmitted in the period. Inactivity, hospitalization for 31 days or more and diagnoses of mania and psychotic disorders were positively associated with hospital readmission. Finally, the average rate of unmet care needs was 4.5, similar to the results from developed countries. In our sample, the variables significantly associated to higher scores in the CAN were less years of schooling, inactivity and living with a partner. Our data achieved the proposed goals and brought information on the profile of the patients who require more care and should be a priority of the public health policies.
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