Thèse d'exercice : Pharmacie : Nancy 1 : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Notre Dame, 2004. / Thesis directed by Jean Porter for the Department of Theology. "April 2004." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 393-413).

Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute. / Keywords: delay hints; AQM; QoS Controller. Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-52).

Thesis (M.A.)--Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South Hamilton, MA, 2003. / Abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [72-75]).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80).

The purpose of the Sharing Economy is to exploit unused resources between people, as an alternative to buying new and owning themselves (Gansky, 2010). Gansky (2010) argues that a major reason why the Sharing Economy has grown in recent times is, besides from the recession and people’s increased environmental awareness, the urbanization which has made people move closer to each other and in to the big cities. This in addition to an increased use of GPS technology in smartphones enables people to be constantly connected to an ever-changing network. People now share and exchange services and products from each other. Sharing Economy businesses (SE businesses) enables this by facilitating the meeting and transaction, while at the same time capitalizing on it. What most established theories within the subject have in common is that they primarly describes what the Sharing Economy phenomenon is, but not how the SE businesses are working or could work with the business economics aspects such as quality assurance. Many SE businesses are building their brands as service companies and are therefore marketing themselfs as such. This despite the fact that these companies merely are enabling, and capitalizing on, individuals to connect. Hence, the SE businesses no longer own either the human or physical resources in the same way as traditional businesses would. Even so, these individuals are the public face of the companies. In order to continue to capitalize on the phenomenon it should be in the interest of the SE businesses to somehow work towards ensuring the quality of their services, but what happens when the resources are no longer owned by the company? The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of how SE businesses work with quality assurance of its services. There are in current time not many empirical studies on how SE businesses work with quality assurance from a business perspective. Therefore, this study intends to generate a theory based in reality. The researchers have used the grounded theory methodology. The companies that have been object of study are AirBnB, Lyft, Flexidrive and WorkaroundTown. One finding from the study is that the objects of study, the SE businesses, are working consciously on quality assuring their services through recruitment, training and feedback to their providers (the ones performing the services). Despite the fact that these companies only intend to work as an intermediary between users who want to share resources, the study has shown that the companies are focusing much on what could be compared to Human Resource Management.   Furthermore, the SE businesses are using tools that in different ways result in quality assurance. Standardized systems for reservations, payments and similar reduces the risk of errors. Systems for grading fulfill a purpose of incentives as well as a means of control for quality assurance. The building of a community contributes to the creation an artificial corporate culture where common values and quality assumptions are being established. New providers are being recruited, trained and shaped in a user community where quality and standards are already deeply rooted.   Finally, the study has shown that various tools are of various importances in the quality assurance work depending on the development on the SE business in question. As the service transactions between users are becoming more and more self-propelled, the company’s resources can shift from managing the main process towards managing supporting processes such as reactive processes, marketing and community building. / Sharing Economy, eller delningsekonomi som det översatts till på svenska, syftar till att utnyttja outnyttjade resurser människor emellan som ett alternativ till att köpa nytt och äga själv (Ganska, 2010). En stor anledning till varför Sharing Economy har växt sig stort under den senaste tiden menar Gansky (2010) är, förutom lågkonjunkturen och människors ökade miljömedvetenhet, den urbanisering som sker över världen där människor flyttar närmare varandra till de stora städerna. Detta tillsammans med en ökad användning av GPS-teknologi i mobiltelefoner gör det möjligt att i realtid vara uppkopplad mot ett ständigt föränderligt nätverk. Nu byter och lånar människor tjänster och produkter mellan varandra, med hjälp av Sharing Economy-företag (SE-företag) som faciliterar mötet och transaktionen och kapitaliserar på detta. Vad de flesta etablerade teorier i ämnet har gemensamt är att de mestadels beskriver vad fenomenet är och vilka aktörerna är som jobbar med det men inte hur SE-företagen arbetar eller kan arbeta praktiskt med företagsekonomiska områden som exempelvis kvalitetssäkring. Många SE-företag bygger sina varumärken som tjänsteföretag och marknadsför sig som tjänsteföretag trots att företaget egentligen bara möjliggör för, och kapitaliserar på, att privatpersoner kopplas samman. SE- företagen äger således inte längre de mänskliga eller de fysiska resurserna på samma sätt som traditionella företag gör. Trots det fungerar dessa privatpersoner som företagets ansikte utåt. För att kunna fortsätta kapitalisera på fenomenet torde SE-företagen på något sätt arbeta med att kvalitetssäkra sina tjänster, men hur går det till när resurserna inte längre ägs av företaget? Syftet med denna studie är att öka förståelsen för hur Sharing Economy-företag arbetar med kvalitetssäkring av sina tjänster. Då det i dagsläget inte finns många empiriska studier om hur SE-företag arbetar med kvalitetssäkring ur ett företagsekonomiskt perspektiv syftar studien till att med utgångspunkt i verkligheten generera teori. Forskarna har använt sig av grundad teori som metodik. De företag som studerats i denna studie är AirBnB, Lyft, Flexidrive och WorkaroundTown. Studien har visat att de undersökta Sharing Economy-företagen aktivt arbetar med kvalitetssäkring av sina tjänster genom såväl rekrytering, utbildning och återkoppling till sina providers (den som utför tjänsten). Trots det faktum att dessa företag i grund och botten endast ämnar fungera som en förmedlare mellan användare som vill dela resurser, så visar detta att de har ett stort fokus på vad som kan liknas vid Human Resource Management.   Vidare använder företagen olika verktyg i sitt arbete som på olika sätt leder till kvalitetssäkring. Standardiserade system för bokning, betalning och likande minimerar risken för att fel uppstår. Betygssystem fungerar som ett incitament såväl som ett kontrollmedel för kvalitetssäkring. Byggandet av ett community bidrar till att en artificiell företagskultur skapas där gemensamma värderingar och kvalitetsantaganden etableras hos företagens providers. Nya providers rekryteras in, utbildas och formas således i ett användarcommunity där kvalitet och standarder redan ska finnas djupt rotade.   Slutligen har studien visat att olika verktyg är olika viktiga och tar olika stor plats i kvalitetssäkringsarbetet beroende på i vilken fas Sharing Economy-företaget befinner. I takt med att tjänstetransaktionerna privatpersonerna emellan blir allt mer självgående skiftas fokus för företaget egna resurser från huvudprocessen till stödprocesser så som reaktiva processer, marknadsföring och community-byggande.

This thesis comprises an investigation in order to find possibilities to implement the method used in the automotive industry to automatically generate a collision free measurement program within the aircraft components manufacturer. The purpose with the study was to compare and analyse the different methods used to generate measurement programs at GKN Aerospace Engine Systems in Trollhättan, National Electric Vehicle Sweden (NEVS) and Volvo Cars Corporations (VCC).The study was conducted through meetings, observations and questionnaires with staff from the geometry assurance engineering (GAE) departments and measurement departments in each company. By mapping the virtual GAE process started from concept development in CAD to the measurement phase in which components are measured in coordinated measuring machines (CMM), a chain of activities was analysed.NEVS and VCC are today using RD&T and IPS to generate optimized CMM programs in which a time efficient measurement path can be generated. This method was compared with the current approach at GKN Aerospace where they use one supplier for offline CMM programming (OLP) software solutions and CMMs. They are thereby working in a closed system where the OLP communicates with the CMM by supplier specific methods. The automobile manufacturer NEVS and VCC, in contrast, uses a DMIS protocol which is an ISO and ANSI standard.The study shows that an implementation of the software used by the Swedish automobile manufacture NEVS and VCC at GKN Aerospace in Trollhättan, may not have any significant improvements regarding time savings and thereby no economic benefits. However, the approach for generating an optimized measurement program in RD&T and IPS may have major improvements in other facilities within the aerospace industry which has also resulted in an instruction manual to be used for potential implementation.

How do organizations rapidly assess command-level effects of cyber attacks? Leaders need a way of assuring themselves that their organization, people, and information technology can continue their missions in a contested cyber environment. To do this, leaders should: 1) require assessments be more than analogical, anecdotal or simplistic snapshots in time; 2) demand the ability to rapidly model their organizations; 3) identify their organization’s structural vulnerabilities; and 4) have the ability to forecast mission assurance scenarios. Using text mining to build agent based dynamic network models of information processing organizations, I examine impacts of contested cyber environments on three common focus areas of information assurance—confidentiality, integrity, and availability. I find that assessing impacts of cyber attacks is a nuanced affair dependent on the nature of the attack, the nature of the organization and its missions, and the nature of the measurements. For well-manned information processing organizations, many attacks are in the nuisance range and that only multipronged or severe attacks cause meaningful failure. I also find that such organizations can design for resiliency and provide guidelines in how to do so.

Paper presented at the 15th IUGSA Conference, 12-14 November 2012, Bloemfontein

I investigate whether corporate accountability reporting and assurance help protect firm value. Specifically, I examine: 1) whether corporate accountability reporting helps firms prevent the occurrence of high-profile misconduct (bribery, kickbacks, discrimination, etc.), and 2) when high-profile misconduct does occur, does prior corporate accountability reporting reduce the negative stock price reaction. Using propensity-score matching to address self-selection, I find that on average firms that report on their corporate accountability activities are less likely to engage in high-profile misconduct, consistent with the reporting process helping firms manage their operations better. Additionally, I find that when high-profile misconduct does occur, firms that have previously issued corporate accountability reports experience a less negative stock price reaction, consistent with corporate accountability reports influencing perceptions of managerial intent, which in turn influences expected punishments. Lastly, I find no evidence that external assurance of corporate accountability reports decreases the likelihood of high-profile misconduct occurring, nor does it reduce the stock price hit when high-profile misconduct occurs, consistent with concerns raised about the value of this new form of assurance.