Jag har i den här uppsatsen velat se på begreppet barn-perspektiv och hur det kommer till uttryck i den svenska asylprocessen framför allt i den svenska utlänningslagen och tillämpningen av den i migrationsverkets arbete med att handlägga och besluta i asylärenden.Genom att göra en historisk tillbakablick har jag tittat på när och varför barnperspektivet uttrycks och hur det utvecklas. Jag har också tittat på svårigheterna med att implementerabeslutet att ha ett barn-perspektiv i asylprocessen och då tagit in olika faktorer som påverkar implementeringen av ett beslut i det dagliga arbetet. Jag har använt mig av SOU-rapporter och propositioner som finns skrivna inför lagändringar och övrig litteratur som berör barnperspektivet och flyktingpolitik. För att inte enbart få en studie av lagtext utan få lite andra perspektiv på barnperspektivet och asylprocessen har jag också gjort intervjuer med representanter för Migrationsverket, Röda Korset och Barn i Väntan projektet. Vad jag framför allt diskuterar ar varför barn-perspektivet fortfarande inte är framgångsrikt implementerat och vad som gör det så svårt att genomföra ett sådant beslut. Ligger det i beslutet som sådant, migrationsmyndigheterna eller ligger orsaken i området det ska implementeras i, d.v.s. i asylprocessen? / My main purpose with this thesis has been to look at the child-perspective and how it comes to expression in the Swedish asylum-process, above all in the Swedish Aliens Act and its implementation in the work of the Migration Board in its handling and decision-making of asylum-cases. I have also done a historical review to look at when and why the childperspective first came to expression and how it has evolved. Furthermore, I have looked at thedifficulties in implementing the decision of having a child-perspective in the asylum-process and have there taken in different factors that affect the implementation of a decision in the daily work. I have used State official reports and Governmental bills that are written before alterations in the legislation and other literature about the child-perspective and the refugeepolitics.In order to not only get a study of words of an Act I have also interviewedrepresentatives from the Migration Board, the Red Cross and Children in Waiting Project and a public counsel. What I in particular discuss is why the child-perspective still is not successfully implemented and what makes it so difficult to carry through such a decision. Is it the decision itself, the migration authorities or is it because of the area in which it should be implemented, i.e. the asylum-process?

This thesis critically examines the role of suffering in violence, by applying a postmodern perspective to empirical examples gathered during fieldwork in Malmö in 2011.by Combing Bourdieu’s perspectives on practice with Turner’s concepts of space and liminality, Malmö takes on a new light. Through the criminalization of rejected asylum seekers, Malmö — otherwise a location of everyday peace — becomes an inside-out space defined by suffering where the clandestine asylum seekers are physically located within Swedish society, yet legally, culturally and socially located outside. Within this space bought into existence through the creation of clandestine asylum seekers new social relationships are formed — new ways of ‘being in the world’. In this thesis the clandestine asylum seekers are facilitating the altruistic and philanthropic practices of volunteers, whilst simultaneously becoming a utility for personal gain through exploitation. By examining these newly created social relations this thesis explores the experiences of suffering from an emic perspective, which provides an alternative and holistic approach to understanding the relationalities of experiences of suffering, personhood and the social field. These relationalites of suffering are exhibited through postulates of identity, performances, ways of doing and being, subjectivities and difference, as tools for viewing the social encounters taking place in a specific field.

<p>This dissertation investigates how the politics of asylum are implicated in our understandings of political agency for non-citizens. Using qualitative methods of interviews and participant observation, I centre migrant narratives in my analysis and begin from the migrant experience to investigate the development and practices of a global regime of management and control over migration, asking how migrants both participate in and challenge the shaping of this regime.</p> <p>The sites examined are refugee camps in Western Tanzania, the border zone between Spain and Morocco, and the detention regime of Australia. In each case a border space is created where the sovereign politics of migration operate to control migrants, and to manage their capacity for political agency and mobility through discourses and practices of exclusion. In each case, the regime is situated within a global system of securitized migration oriented explicitly against irregular migration. In each case the migrant narratives from within the border space reflect active participation in shaping the border politics in direct challenge to dominant narratives of control.</p> <p>I argue that the dichotomy of voluntary/forced migration that has characterized the refugee and migration regime since 1945 is being replaced by a more rigid dichotomy of regular/irregular migration. The implications of this shift are found in more advanced and securitized border regimes and practices.</p> <p>My conclusions directly challenge the characterization of the border space as a space that is not only exceptional, but exclusionary, abject and without the possibility for politics. Rather, I argue that an understanding of politics as momentary and everyday, and of politics as contestation reveals a radical political agency that re-imagines the global non-citizen as a transgressive and powerful figure. Further, I argue that this re-imagining of global non-citizens reveals possibilities for a politics that dramatically changes contemporary state-centred understandings of border regimes.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Since the time of their arrival beginning around 2005, there remain approximately 46,000 African asylum seekers in Israel. The following paper reviews the foundations and implications of Israel’s political discourse in reference to the presence of this community. I situate the treatment of the asylum seekers in their relationship to the Jewish State, Zionist ideology, international refugee law, and Israel’s human rights community. I argue: 1) that the discourse surrounding the asylum seekers reflects larger changes within the ethos of the Jewish State and models of Israeli personhood; 2) that notions of “security” and “threat” in relation to the asylum seekers take on new meanings shaped by Israel’s ongoing demographic concerns; and 3) that the political response to the African asylum seekers sheds light on irreconcilable goals of the Zionist nation-building project seeking to both maintain a Jewish majority and liberate world Jewry from life segregated and isolated in the Diaspora. / Anthropology

Every year, an increasing number of displaced people arrive at the United States of America's border to request asylum. Several groups are working to help migrants by providing them with essential items and services, housing, and legal advice. Drawing on ethnographic findings, this work presents a situated perspective of how citizen responders utilize technological systems to provide relief to those affected by the immigration crisis. Often, these citizens with common goals come together to form organizations. This study investigates how social media and technology support on-the-ground work, advocacy work, care-work, and invisible work of these organizations. Further, I highlight how technological systems fail organizations and how the emergence of care-work replaced these systems. Finally, I make design recommendations to social media and technological systems' design to boost the efficacy of collective crisis response by citizens. / Master of Science / Every year, an increasing number of displaced people arrive at the United States of America's border to request asylum. Several groups are working to help migrants by providing them with essential items and services, housing, and legal advice. Drawing on ethnographic findings, this work presents a situated perspective of how citizen responders utilize technological systems to provide relief to those affected by the immigration crisis. Often, these citizens with common goals come together to form organizations. This study investigates how social media and technology support on-the-ground work, advocacy work, care-work, and invisible work of these organizations. Further, I highlight how technological systems fail organizations and how the emergence of care-work replaced these systems. Finally, I make design recommendations to social media and technological systems' design to boost the efficacy of collective crisis response by citizens.

Yes / The experiences of LGBT asylum seekers in the UK are the focus of this chapter. The relative invisibility of LGBT asylum seekers in social work literature and research is acknowledged. Data from interviews undertaken as part of a small scale research study is used to highlight issues of psychological stress, safety, social isolation and resilience and survival. This material is discussed in relation to models of minority stress, discrimination, social determinants of health, and human rights. A holistic approach to practice in response to an opening vignette, is presented with reference to the importance of advocacy and cross-sector partnership working. / This is a post-peer-review, pre-copy edited version of a chapter published in: Fish J and Karban K (Eds.) Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans Health Inequalities. Details of the definitive published version and how to purchase it are available online at https://policypress.co.uk/lesbian-gay-bisexual-and-trans-health-inequalities.

Bakgrund: Flyktingar och asylsökande är personer som lämnat sina hemländer i syfte att bosätta sig permanent i ett annat land. Det finns många anledningar till att människor tvingas fly. Flyktingar och asylsökandes möte med hälso- och sjukvården är problematiskt på grund av tidigare erfarenheter och kulturskillnader. Med studien är förhoppningen att bättre förstå de utmaningar som denna grupp upplever och som sjuksköterska ge adekvat sjukvård.  Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka och beskriva flyktingars och asylsökandes erfarenheter av att söka vård. Metod: Litteraturstudien är genomförd med kvalitativ forskningsansats och följer Polit och Becks niostegsmodell. Materielat utgår från åtta originalartiklar från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL och har analyserats med hjälp av Graneheim och Lundmans innehållsanalysmodell.  Resultat: Resultatet beskrivs med två kategorier; Hinder med att vara flykting och Erfarenheter av att motta god vård.  Slutsats: Globalt anser flyktingarna och asylsökande att de får ett negativt bemötande, några upplever positivt bemötande och lokalt anser sjuksköterskorna att de ger ett adekvat bemötande men upplever patientgruppen som svårbemött. Förslag på integrering av konceptet TIC. Vidare forskning inom ämnet krävs för att förstå fler flyktingars och asylsökandes erfarenheter, positivt är om sjuksköterskors erfarenheter undersöks på samma enhet.  Nyckelord: Asylsökande, erfarenheter, flykting, traumatiska händelser, upplevelser / Background: Refugees and asylum seekers are people that have left their homeland to settle in a new country permanently. There are numerous reasons why people are forced to flee. Refugees and asylum seekers encounter with the healthcare system are problematic due to past experiences and cultural differences. Through this literary review, the expectation is to better understand the challenges refugees and asylum seekers experience and provide adequate nurse health care. Aim: The aim of this literary study was to examine and describe refugees and asylum seekers' experiences from seeking health care. Method: A qualitative research approach was used and the nine-step model from Polit and Beck was the fundamental model. The material was eight original articles found in the databases PubMed and CINAHL and have been analyzed using Graneheim and Lundmans qualitative content analysis. Results: The results are described using two categories; Obstacles with being a refugee and Experiences of receiving adequate care. Conclusion:  Globally, refugees and asylum seekers regard they receive a negative interaction, some of them experience the interaction as positive and locally nurses believe they preform adequate care, and this group of patients is complicated. Suggestions for interacting with the concept TIC. Further research is needed to understand more refugees' and asylum seekers' experiences, positive would be if nurses' experiences is investigated in the same unit.

Background: Perinatal depression disproportionately affects asylum seeking and refugee (AS&R) women, but they are less likely to receive support than other women. There is no published research which considers the assessment and support for symptoms of perinatal depression provided by midwives for AS&R women navigating England’s maternity services. Aim: To investigate how midwifery practice can be developed to support asylum seeking and refugee women with symptoms of perinatal depression. Methods: A post-colonial feminist inquiry consisting of a scoping survey (study one) and a qualitative research study (study two) using remote interviews with AS&R women and midwives. Qualitative data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings: Study one demonstrated that midwives who care for AS&R women work within diverse roles and service structures across England. Study two identified that midwives lack the resources and support structures required to effectively recognise and support symptoms of perinatal depression in AS&R women. These factors were sometimes invisible to AS&R women, but still negatively affected their ability to effectively discuss perinatal depression with a midwife and access help for any symptoms. The lack of appropriate resources was harmful to both AS&R women and midwives. Conclusion: AS&R women and midwives who care for them navigate an inequitable maternity system in England. Midwives do not have the appropriate resources to provide a level of care which is equitable to women in the general maternity population. This leaves AS&R women’s perinatal mental health needs unrecognised and unmet, acting as a barrier to receiving effective support. / Mary Seacole research development scholarship

Yes / Evidence demonstrates that people who are seeking asylum and refugees face individual, institutional and system-level barriers when accessing health services. Health Access for Refugees’ Project (HARP) is a UK initiative increasing access to health care within this community through a series of interventions. This study explored the impact of HARP on health service access, experiences and outcomes for clients, and how volunteers and staff addressed institutional and system-level barriers. Methods: In summer 2020, we conducted qualitative telephone interviews with four HARP clients, eight clients who became volunteers, seven further volunteers and three staff members. Results: The educational aspect of the interventions supported clients navigating the complex UK health care system while promoting independence in accessing health care. Advocacy by volunteers and staff was important in challenging barriers at individual and institutional levels. Staff challenged the asylum system, by improving information around entitlement to health care and addressing barriers to registering with a General Practitioner (GP). Conclusions: Interventions such as those provided by HARP can address different levels of barriers to support people accessing health care provision. This can be achieved through training health professionals and working with peers to support access to care and to develop self-advocacy. However, stable long-term funding is essential to ensure the sustainability of these initiative. / The Big Lottery via the Refugee Council, UK.

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