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Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-12-16T12:06:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Vinícius de Sousa Lins.pdf: 4002855 bytes, checksum: 32d1c82364dfeb2cbced80e0bf55bb53 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2017-02-02T18:23:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Vinícius de Sousa Lins.pdf: 4002855 bytes, checksum: 32d1c82364dfeb2cbced80e0bf55bb53 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-02T18:23:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Vinícius de Sousa Lins.pdf: 4002855 bytes, checksum: 32d1c82364dfeb2cbced80e0bf55bb53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01 / This work aims to analyze the problem-experimentation in teaching Atomic models based on Delizoicov view by checking their methodological contributions to student learning of the 1st year of high school. Held the exhibition of some theoretical points, seek to provide contributions to the topic discussed, creating ways and means to the chosen path. Featuring the theme, we present the understanding that the student can use their previous knowledge about the nature of matter, and the experimental problem, improve their understanding of the world, going to have a more formal basis, ie closer to the concept scientific accepted. To teach atomic models present three educational moments of Delizoicov, where the first is the initial questioning, the second time, the organization of knowledge and the third and final time, the application of knowledge. We observed in this study that the application of teaching moments Delizoicov contributed to the pedagogical practice of professor of chemistry, encouraging the participation of students and allowing more efetividadena learning. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a experimentação problematizadora no ensino de Modelos Atômicos com base na visão de Delizoicov, verificando suas contribuições metodológicas no aprendizado dos alunos do 1º ano do ensino médio. Realizamos a exposição de alguns pontos teóricos, que buscam oferecer aportes para o tema abordado, criando assim meios e significados para o caminho escolhido. Caracterizando o tema, apresentamos a compreensão de que o aluno pode utilizar de seus prévios conhecimentos acerca da natureza da matéria, e com o problema experimental, aprimorar sua compreensão de mundo, passando a ter um embasamento mais formal, ou seja, mais próximo do conceito científico aceito. Para ensinar Modelos atômicos apresentamos os três momentos pedagógicos de Delizoicov, onde o primeiro é a problematização inicial, o segundo momento, a organização do conhecimento e no terceiro e último momento, a aplicação do conhecimento. Observamos neste estudo que a aplicação dos momentos pedagógicos de Delizoicov contribuiu para a prática pedagógica do professor de química, favorecendo a participação dos alunos e possibilitando mais efetividade na aprendizagem.

nÃo hà / A pesquisa desenvolvida teve como objetivo contribuir com o ensino-aprendizagem da QuÃmica, oferecendo elementos ao professor que possam facilitar e auxiliar na elaboraÃÃo do conhecimento sobre a evoluÃÃo dos modelos atÃmicos. Desenvolveu-se o estudo com alunos do 2 ano mÃdio do ColÃgio Estadual Celso Alves de AraÃjo, da cidade de Cedro, Estado do CearÃ, com os quais foram discutidas as propostas apresentadas, apÃs uma reflexÃo, mediada pelo professor, tendo sido evidenciada a maneira como os alunos concebem os conceitos submicroscÃpicos. Desde entÃo, a estratÃgia sugerida foi a fundamentada no uso de imagens para facilitar e estimular a retenÃÃo do que foi aprendido. Procurou-se detectar e discutir as concepÃÃes mais relevantes acerca dos conceitos envolvendo o tema EvoluÃÃo dos Modelos AtÃmicos, buscando analisar as maiores dificuldades sentidas com origem nas concepÃÃes detectadas e desenvolver uma proposta de estratÃgias de ensino-aprendizagem dos referidos conceitos, com uso de novas mÃdias. Desenvolveu-se, colaborativamente, uma aula sobre a EvoluÃÃo dos Modelos AtÃmicos, usando o software Visual Class. A realizaÃÃo deste trabalho aumentou a motivaÃÃo dos alunos, pois demandou da parte deles estudos e pesquisa mais aprofundados acerca do assunto. Ficou constatado, pelo uso de mapas conceituais, que as informaÃÃes recebidas por eles se transformaram em aprendizado, mais eficientemente do que quando essas mesmas informaÃÃes foram repassadas de maneira tradicional. / We have searched to detect and discuss the most relevant conceptions, that the students from high school second grade about the conceptions involving the theme Evolution of the Atomic Models, searching to analyze the greater difficulties felt from the detected conceptions and develop a proposal of teaching-learning strategies of the referred concepts, with the use of new media. We have developed the study of this research-action with students from the high school second grade of Celso Alves de AraÃjo State School, from Cedro City, CE, with which the presented proposals were discussed, after a process of reflection, mediated by the teacher, it was evidenced the manner in which students conceive the submicroscopic concepts. From then, the suggested strategy was the one based on the use of images in order to facilitate and stimulate the retention of what was learned, since the image activates several brain abilities which stimulate and promote the creative thinking, helping thus on the memorization, since It has been proved that images are more memorable than words. We have developed collaboratively a class about the Evolution of Atomic Models using the software Visual Class, since it counts on the easiness of being able to be used without programming previous knowledge. The accomplishment of this task increased a lot the students‟ motivation, because they could express the studied concepts, in such a manner closer to their sensitiveness, since it demanded from them a deeper study and research on the subject. It was verified, through the use of conceptual maps, that the information received by them turned into more effective learning than when this same information are passed traditionally.

Some aspects of grain boundary segregation (GBS) are discussed. This paper adds two new sprouts. The first is connected with formation of the atomic complexes in boundary region and their effect on grain boundary diffusion (GBD). The second – with a nonhomogeneity of energy distribution between boundary sites.

This report presents the results from a survey study on Swedish upper secondary school physics andchemistry teachers’ use of models and representations in teaching the atom. The study builds upon an earlier systematic international literature review on the role of models and representations in the teaching, learning and understanding of the atom. The overall aim of the study is to explore what models and representations are used by Swedish upper secondary school physics and chemistry teachers in their teaching about the atom, what informs teachers’ selection of the atomic models and representation forms and how they specifically use them in their teaching of the atom. The method for collecting the data for this study was an electronic questionnaire containing six introductory questions followed by nine open and four closed items, which were analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Thirty-one responses were received and analysed in this study. The results of the study indicate that Swedish teachers’ selection and use of atomic models and representation forms in their practice correspond with findings in the previously conducted literature review. For example, the Bohr atomic model was shown to be the most popular for teaching about the atom amongst the Swedish teachers in this study, since it is deemed intuitive and easy to visualize. A further result revealed that the de Broglie atomic model was only used by physics teachers, and that physics teachers overall used more atomic models in their teaching than chemistry teachers, a finding that might be related to the different teaching content in physics and chemistry. The study also shows that Swedish teachers are very comfortable with, and advocate, using different representation forms in their teaching. One interesting finding in this regard was that the use of physical models is predominantly more popular among chemistry than physics teachers. In line with the findings in the previous literature review study, students’ prior knowledge and individual learning styles were found tobe important influencing factors in teachers’ selection of representation forms to use in the classroom.The majority of the teachers also agreed on that it is important to explain to students how models should be interpreted and used, but one interesting finding, that differs from the previous research, is that some teachers were of the opinion that students have an already well-developed modelling ability when encountering different models of the atom.

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This Study aimed to investigate how was the didactic transposition of atomic models in the first degree course in Chemistry, Sergipe in Federal University and two schools in the Network State Public High School in Aracaju-SE. Throughout the study, we expose a discussion among theorists with regard to the formation and action of teachers, didactic transposition and atomic models, aiming to show the different perceptions on this theme which has been researched and discussed by many researchers. Used as theoretical support for the discussion of the didactic transposition, the contributions of Chevallard (1991), which defines it as the work that makes an object of knowledge to teach, a teaching object. We chose to investigate one of the basic concepts of chemistry, the first models that explain the constitution of matter, because the chemistry, as science seeks to explain nature using models (theoretical representations). This research approach was qualitative and quantitative analysis, drawing on the comparative method, using pre-defined categories by content analysis (BARDIN, 2010). The tools utilized for data collection, semi-structured interviews and tests, respectively applied to teachers and students. Thus, the study sample was defined by four former students of the UFS and teachers from two schools in the State Schools of Aracaju-SE, being a center of excellence (in which students study in two shifts) and in other school that students study just one part, and forty students, twenty in each school studied, chosen randomly. We tried to analyze the didactic transposition of atomic models at two levels: the teacher who learns to be a teacher in the initial training course at the Sergipe in Federal University and high school educators that makes the didactic transposition of atomic models for students. Moreover, we noted and correlate the knowledge learned by students on the atomic models with the knowledge that teachers said they taught. The data collected and organized into categories that were indicative of the didactic transposition of atomic models was performed inadequately. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar como ocorreu a transposição didática dos modelos atômicos no curso de licenciatura em Química da Universidade Federal de Sergipe e em duas escolas da Rede Pública Estadual do Ensino Médio de Aracaju-SE. Ao longo do estudo, buscamos expor uma discussão entre teóricos no que se refere à formação e atuação de professores, transposição didática e modelos atômicos, visando demonstrar as diferentes percepções acerca dessa temática que tem sido pesquisada e discutida por vários pesquisadores. Utilizamos como suporte teórico para a discussão da transposição didática, as contribuições de Chevallard (1991), que a define como o trabalho que faz um objeto de saber a ensinar, um objeto de ensino. Escolhemos investigar um dos conceitos basilares da química, os primeiros modelos explicativos de constituição da matéria, porque a química, enquanto ciência, procura explicar a natureza utilizando modelos (representações teóricas). Esta pesquisa teve como abordagem a análise qualitativa e quantitativa, apoiando-se no método comparativo, por meio de categorias pré-definidas através da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2010). Utilizamos como instrumentos para coleta de dados, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e provas, respectivamente aplicadas às professoras e aos alunos. Desta forma, a amostra da pesquisa foi definida por quatro ex-alunas da UFS e professoras de duas escolas da Rede Estadual de Ensino de Aracaju-SE, sendo uma centro de excelência (em que os alunos estudam em dois turnos) e a outra escola em que os alunos estudam em apenas um turno, e quarenta alunos, sendo vinte de cada escola pesquisada, escolhidos aleatoriamente. Procuramos analisar a transposição didática dos modelos atômicos em dois níveis: do professor que aprende a ser professor, no curso de formação inicial da Universidade Federal de Sergipe e do professor de Ensino Médio que faz a transposição didática dos modelos atômicos para os alunos. Além disso, buscamos assinalar e co-relacionar os saberes aprendidos pelos discentes sobre os modelos atômicos com os saberes que as professoras dizem ter ensinado. Os dados coletados e organizados em categorias apresentaram indicativos de que a transposição didática dos modelos atômicos foi realizada de forma insuficiente.