<p>The overall purpose of this study is to make a survey of the extent as to which youths have witnessed acts of violence and or violence in close relationships, and which underlying factors, sex, class, and ethnicity – characterize youths with such experiences. The study also aims to explore their attitudes and strategies and what the consequences are for youths of witnessing acts of violence, with respect to attachment to adults and other social networks. The primary data have been collected in two upper secondary schools. The study includes 101 students. The data were acquired through a survey consisting of 21 questions on the students’ background, general state of health, violence in general, whether they had witnessed/experienced the phenomenon, relations to closely-related adults/other social networks. All data have been analyzed in SPSS. The resulting material has been analyzed according to published previous research and theories of attachment. Five percent of the respondents stated that they had witnessed acts of violence in close relationships. The underlying factors sex and ethnicity seem to be significant. Despite having experience violence, these youths have comparatively good relations to closely-related adults, though they state that they would rather discuss the phenomenon with grown-ups at school.</p>

<p>The purpose of this study has been to investigate how psychosocial support for families where a parent suffers from a life threatening illness can be constructed. The intent was also to explore how the child's perspective is protected and what barriers and opportunities there are for family oriented support. The study has a qualitative approach and includes interviews with four social workers. The interviews were analyzed with a systems theory and attachment theory. The conclusions are that the whole family suffers psychological and social pressures when a parent is sick. The psychosocial support is given individually and to the family as a unit to help them deal with their changed life situation and facilitate subsequent grieving. An important aspect of the support is psycho education to parents and children, which aims to increase the understanding of the situation, their individual and each others' reactions. The social workers stress that it’s important to establish contacts in the family’s private network and support agencies in the community.</p><p>It falls under the medical mission to offer support to relatives and it includes a responsibility to inform and support the child based on individual circumstances. However, there seems to exist a variation and uncertainty about its nature and extent. Therefore professionals need to be aware of the importance of highlighting the child’s needs and support families.</p>

The overall purpose of this study is to make a survey of the extent as to which youths have witnessed acts of violence and or violence in close relationships, and which underlying factors, sex, class, and ethnicity – characterize youths with such experiences. The study also aims to explore their attitudes and strategies and what the consequences are for youths of witnessing acts of violence, with respect to attachment to adults and other social networks. The primary data have been collected in two upper secondary schools. The study includes 101 students. The data were acquired through a survey consisting of 21 questions on the students’ background, general state of health, violence in general, whether they had witnessed/experienced the phenomenon, relations to closely-related adults/other social networks. All data have been analyzed in SPSS. The resulting material has been analyzed according to published previous research and theories of attachment. Five percent of the respondents stated that they had witnessed acts of violence in close relationships. The underlying factors sex and ethnicity seem to be significant. Despite having experience violence, these youths have comparatively good relations to closely-related adults, though they state that they would rather discuss the phenomenon with grown-ups at school.

The purpose of this study has been to investigate how psychosocial support for families where a parent suffers from a life threatening illness can be constructed. The intent was also to explore how the child's perspective is protected and what barriers and opportunities there are for family oriented support. The study has a qualitative approach and includes interviews with four social workers. The interviews were analyzed with a systems theory and attachment theory. The conclusions are that the whole family suffers psychological and social pressures when a parent is sick. The psychosocial support is given individually and to the family as a unit to help them deal with their changed life situation and facilitate subsequent grieving. An important aspect of the support is psycho education to parents and children, which aims to increase the understanding of the situation, their individual and each others' reactions. The social workers stress that it’s important to establish contacts in the family’s private network and support agencies in the community. It falls under the medical mission to offer support to relatives and it includes a responsibility to inform and support the child based on individual circumstances. However, there seems to exist a variation and uncertainty about its nature and extent. Therefore professionals need to be aware of the importance of highlighting the child’s needs and support families.

The purpose of the essay is to draw attention to my approach in relation to a boy I choose to call Emil, and how I can increase my understanding of his behavior. I explore conceivable reasons for why he breaks down so often, especially when other children are given attention. Is he simply unusually egoistic, and to a large degree only able to see to his own interests, or am I overlooking the real reasons for his actions. In order to explain the reasons for Emil’s apparent frustration in sensitive situations, I explore the significance of attachment theory. I argue about possible effects of Emil’s parents’ way of describing and guiding him, as well as how I, and my colleagues, risk fulfilling and amplifying negative expectations. As the prime reason for his repeated sense of unhappiness seems linked to a lack of empathy, I explore different ways of understanding this, as well as how I might contribute to fostering compassion. As members of a team, we strive to act in a proper way in relation to Emil. I discuss in what way our consensus can serve the good purpose, as well as how our perceived "truths" risk strengthening dominance. As stressful situations contribute to feelings of irritation regarding Emil’s apparent jealousy, I try to explain how getting closer to one’s own darkness can contribute to an increased sense of respect and understanding. Finally, I examine current views on leadership, where the previous approach focusing largely on the mediation of knowledge has given way to new ideas that stress the importance of creating security as a basis for all learning. I discuss the high demands that are placed on the pedagogue’s sense of awareness and mediating in the children’s acquisition of knowledge, as well as the importance of creating trusting relations.

This study focuses on the use of animals in social work from the perspective of social workers. The purpose of this study is to examine social workers’ experiences of animal assisted social work and how social workers view the integration of animals in various fields of social work. The research is based on a qualitative method and four semi-structured interviews were conducted with social workers. The theories incorporated in the study are Attachment Theory and Sense of Coherence (SOC). The following results are presented: Social workers are considered to have a more comprehensive understanding of clients compared to their associates who do not hold a degree in Social Work. The Social Work Programme prepares you for work in various roles in numerous work places and the social workers claim to sympathise with the many aspects which affect clients. Some of the positive aspects of incorporating animals in social work include opportunities to experience the outdoors and exercise when spending time with the animals but also the additional satisfaction of being able to offer clients these benefits. The social workers are aware of potential safety risks in handling and associating with the animals and these safety risks appear to have a negative impact on animal assisted social work. According to the social workers, animal allergies can be minimized and should not be the focal point. SOC and its three components – Comprehensibility, Manageability and Meaningfulness have been applied to the social workers experiences of animal assisted social work and their experiences shared indicate that animals can hold properties of an attachment figure. Animals have a calming effect on clients, and assist in the connection between social worker and client.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of an Attachment-Oriented-Psychoeducational-Group-Training on the preoccupied/insecure attachment style of university students. This study consists of two phases. In the first phase of the study, Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ), Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS), and an Information Form were given to the 755 third year METU students. The differences among the attachment styles (RSQ and RQ) of the participants by gender and self-esteem levels (RSS) were explored by using a 2 (gender) x 2 (high-low self-esteem) factorial MANOVA. Results showed significant self-esteem differences in fearful, preoccupied and secure subscale scores in RQ and RSQ and gender differences in fearful, preoccupied and secure subscale scores of RSQ and RQ. These results indicated that students who had lower self-esteem scored significantly higher in fearful and preoccupied subscales of RSQ while students who had higher self-esteem had statistically significant higher mean scores in secure attachment subscales. No significant differences were found between the insecure/avoidant subscale scores of the high and low self-esteem group students. Results showed that females scored significiantly higher in fearful attachment style of RQ and RSQ. Male students scored significiantly higher in both preoccupied subscales of RQ and RSQ and in secure attachment subscale of RSQ. In the second phase, the Attachment-Oriented-Psychoeducational-Group-Training was implemented to the experimental group of 11 volunteered preoccupied subjects. The control group consisted of 8 preoccupied students. The control group subjects did not receive any training. Both experimental and control groups were given Relationship Scales Questionnaire and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale at pre-test, post-test and follow up. Non-parametric statistical analyses of Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney U test were employed to the RSQ and RSS scores of the subjects to assess the effect of the Attachment-Oriented-Psychoeducational-Group-Training. The results showed that experimental group subjects&amp / #8217 / secure attachment subscale scores have increased from pre-test to posttest but not pre-test to follow up or posttest to follow up tests of both RSQ and RSS. A significant difference was found between pre and follow up tests scores of RSS for control group.

[pt] A relação médico-paciente consiste numa díade que é hierarquicamente assimétrica. Uma parte cuida e a outra recebe cuidado, análogo ao que ocorre nas relações de apego. O médico teria o papel de figura de apego, possibilitando ativar o seu sistema de cuidado. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar como o sistema de cuidado está inserido na relação médico-paciente, analisando o estilo de apego do médico, além de relacioná-lo à capacidade de cuidado que o médico tem com seu paciente. Foram entrevistados onze hematologistas do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo com experiência no SUS utilizando um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado e foi aplicado o instrumento de autorrelato EVA (Escala de Vinculação do Adulto). Após análise de conteúdo das entrevistas e análise por clusters do EVA, os médicos entrevistados apresentaram apego seguro, com aspectos defensivos evitativos e amedrontados. Quatro categorias também foram estabelecidas: experiências pessoais com medicina e/ou hematologia; especificidade da hematologia; como lidar com as questões sobre perdas; e cuidado com o outro. Conclui-se que o presente trabalho prioriza o lado do médico nesta relação, e a importância do atendimento às suas necessidades psicológicas e relacionais. Com isso, intervenções podem ser propostas à equipe de saúde, de forma a cuidar de maneira consistente destes profissionais e aprimorar sua relação com o paciente e seus familiares. / [en] The doctor-patient relationship consists of a hierarchically asymmetrical dyad. One side cares and the other receives care, analogous to the attachment relationship. The doctor would have the attachment figure s role, being able to activate his or her caregiving system. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the care system is inserted in the doctor-patient relationship, analyzing the attachment style of the physician in addition to relating it to the care ability that the doctor has with his/her patient. Eleven hematologists from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo with experience in SUS were interviewed using a semi-structured interview script and the self-report instrument AAS-R (Adult Attachment Scale-Revised) was applied. After content analysis of the interview and a cluster analysis of the AAS-R, all the doctors presented secure attachment, with avoidant-dismissing and avoidant-fearful defensive aspects. Four categories were also analyzed: personal experiences with medicine and/or hematology; hematology s specificity; how to deal with loss; and caring towards other. We concluded that the present it is important to prioritize the doctor s stance in the relationship, and to attend their psychological and relational needs. In that manner, interventions in the healthcare team can be proposed, providing the proper care to the healthcare professional, and, hence, improve their relationship with patients and their family members.

This study focuses on exploring the relationship between domestic workers and the children they help to raise from the child’s perspective, using attachment theory (Bowlby, 1988) and psychoanalytic theory (referring specifically to Klein (1952) and Fairbairn (1952/2006) as some theoretical bases). Also, the concepts of the social unconscious (Weinberg, 2007) and social ghosts (Gergen, 2000) are used to provide a link to the relationship having social implications and functions in the South African context. All theories were used in an anti-essentialistic, reflexive and heuristic way, without reification or objectification of the various terms and concepts within the theories. Also, the paradigmatic point of departure for this research is postmodernism (Apignanesi, Sadar, Curry&Garrat, 2003), focusing on the contextual and socially constructed view of knowledge production. From this point of departure, the methodology is qualitative and the research design autoethnographic (Bochner, 1997; Ellis 1998; 2000; Muncey, 2005; Holman Jones, 2005). My own story is presented where I have used various data sources such as my own memories, a letter (Babbie&Mouton, 2008), and photographs which were analysed according to the principles of visual narrative analysis found in Riessman (2008) primarily. Further data was collected through the use of two radio talk shows, where participants were invited to share their stories with regard to being raised by a domestic worker. This data was analysed using thematic narrative analysis (Riessman, 2008), in which the narratives (kept as whole as possible) were analysed, each case in turn, using themes from the narratives themselves and deductive psychoanalytic themes. Some of the themes elicited were possession (where charges felt in possession of their domestic worker), absence (in relation to the child’s biological mother experienced both by domestic workers biological children and the domestic workers charges), loss (especially in relation to a caregiver), the male caregiver (a paternal figure to his charges), the politicisation of the relationship (the relationship between domestic worker and charge as product of a political system), reconciliation and action (a call for empathy and change), and an intertwining of cultures (where black and white, male and female, rich and poor exist inextricably linked with one another as a product of segregation). I have also maintained a consistent critical and reflexive stance throughout. In conclusion I have presented the contribution of this work to social science and society. Similarly, some limitations of this study are presented, as well as directions for further research. Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

SAMHÄLLETS UTVALDA FÖRÄLDRAREN KVALITATIV STUDIE GÄLLANDE DET LÄMPLIGA FAMILJEHEMMET ANNA WELINWelin, A. Samhällets utvalda föräldrar. En kvalitativ studie gällande det lämpliga familjehemmet. Examensarbete i Socialt arbete, 30 högskolepoäng. Malmö universitet: Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle, Institutionen för Socialt arbete, 2018.Abstrakt: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vad som uppfattas vara ett lämpligt familjehem utifrån de känslomässiga behov familjehemsvården ska fylla för de placerade barnen. Kvalitativa intervjuer har gjorts med tio personer som har lång arbetslivserfarenhet inom svensk familjehemsvård. Resultatet visar att det lämpliga familjehemmet har en egen trygg anknytning och ett känslomässigt överskott som gör att barnen kan tryggas. Det lämpliga familjehemmet upplever tillvaron begriplig, hanterbar och meningsfull och kan förmedla känslan till de placerade barnen. När samhället väljer familjehem till barn, väljs också förebilder. Familjehemsvård är inte automatiskt god vård för barn – den förutsätter lämpliga familjehem. Annars riskeras barnens hälsa och förmåga att hantera tillvaron, såväl under barndomen som i vuxenlivet.Resultatet visar också att barnen som familjehemsplaceras ofta har omfattande känslomässiga behov. Det är vanligt att barnen har psykiatriska diagnoser och beteendestörningar. De placerade barnens mående har försämrats över tid. Samtidigt råder stor brist på lämpliga familjehem. På kort tid har antalet barn i familjehemsvård fördubblats, bl a till följd av de ensamkommande barnen som kommit till Sverige. När kommunerna inte själva klarat av att hitta lämpliga familjehem har privata företag anlitats. Familjehemsutredningarna ser väldigt olika ut. Ett familjehem som bedömts olämpligt av en kommun - kan bedömas lämpligt av en annan. De ”godkända” familjehemmen kan därmed ha mycket olika kvalitet, vilket påverkar vården av barnen som placeras.Det råder stort missnöje gällande hur familjehemsvården är organiserad. Större samordning gällande rekryteringsinsatser efterlyses, liksom bättre villkor för familjehemmen och socialsekreterarna. Andra förbättringar som önskas är ökad kontroll av de privata företagens verksamhet samt ökad forskning inom familjehemsvården, inte minst gällande hur familjehemmens lämplighet bör utredas. Nyckelord: Anknytningsteorin, barn i dygnsvård, existentialismen, familjehem, familjehemsvård, föräldraförmåga, känsla av sammanhang / SOCIETY´S SELECTED PARENTS A QUALITATIVE STUDY RELATING TO THE SUITABLE FOSTER HOME ANNA WELINWelin, A. Society´s selected parents. A qualitative study relating to the suitable foster home. Degree project in social work, 30 p. Malmö University: Faculty of health and society, Department of Social work, 2018.Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to investigate what is considered to be a suitable foster home based on the emotional needs that the foster care needs to fill for the placed children. Qualitative interviews have been conducted with ten people who have long working experience in Swedish foster care. The result shows that the suitable foster home have their own safe connection and an emotional surplus that allows children to be safeguarded. They experience existence comprehensible, manageable and meaningful and can convey the feelings to the placed children. When society chooses foster homes for children, role models are also chosen. Foster care is not automatically good care for children - it requires suitable foster homes. Otherwise, the children's health and ability to handle life, both during childhood and in adulthood, are at risk.The result also shows that children in foster homes often have extensive emotional needs. It is common for the children to have psychiatric diagnoses and behavioral disorders. The psychological mood of the children has deteriorated over time. Simultaneously, there is a great lack of suitable foster homes. In a short period of time, the number of children in foster care has doubled, partly as a consequence of single-parent children who came to Sweden. When the municipalities have not managed to find suitable foster homes, private companies have been hired. The investigations regarding the suitability of the foster homes look very different. A foster home that is assessed directly inappropriate by a municipality can be appropriately assessed by another. The "approved" foster homes can therefore have a very different quality, which affects the care of the children placed in foster homes.There is great dissatisfaction regarding how foster care services are organized. Greater coordination regarding recruitment efforts is sought, as well as better conditions for foster homes and social security officers. Other improvements that are desired include increased control of the private companies' operations and increased research in foster care, not least regarding the way in which the foster home suitability is to be investigated.Keywords: attachment theory, children in day care, existentialism, foster care, foster home, parenting, sense of context