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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Entrevues auprès d’enfants qui dévoilent une agression sexuelle : examen du processus d’enquête et du parcours judiciaire des dossiers

Alonzo-Proulx, Agnès 06 1900 (has links)
Cette étude a été rendue possible grâce aux bourses doctorales accordées à la première auteure par les organismes suivants : le Conseil de recherche en sciences humaines (CRSH), la Chaire interuniversitaire Marie-Vincent sur les agressions sexuelles envers les enfants (CIMV), l’Équipe violence sexuelle et santé (ÉVISSA) et le Centre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les problèmes conjugaux et les agressions sexuelles (CRIPCAS). Cette étude a également été soutenue par une subvention de recherche accordée par le Bureau d’aide aux victimes d’actes criminelle (BAVAC) du ministère de la justice du Québec accordée à Mireille Cyr. / Cette thèse visait à explorer l’apport de variables contextuelles sur le récit des enfants qui dévoilent une agression sexuelle de même que sur les suites judiciaires de leur dossier. Plus spécifiquement, le premier article examinait la valeur prédictive des caractéristiques de l’agression sexuelle (lien avec le suspect, présence de coercition, sévérité et fréquence de l’agression) et de son dévoilement (dévoilement volontaire ou accidentel, croyance et protection maternelle) sur la proportion de détails centraux dévoilés durant l’entrevue d’enquête. Les effets de l’âge et de l’adhésion au protocole d’entrevue du National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) ont également été contrôlés étant donné leurs impacts significatifs sur le contenu de l’entrevue. L’ensemble de ces variables ont été extraites de 116 entrevues et dossiers d’agression sexuelle considérés comme fondés par les policiers. Les résultats de la régression hiérarchique montrent que conformément à la littérature, l’adhésion au Protocole NICHD ainsi que l’âge de l’enfant étaient les deux plus importants prédicteurs de la proportion de détails centraux dévoilés. La coercition sous forme d’une combinaison de coercition verbale et physique, de même que la présence d’une mère qui protège son enfant suite au dévoilement étaient également des prédicteurs significatifs qui augmentaient la proportion de détails centraux. Ces résultats sont discutés, de même que les limites de l’étude et les pistes de recherche futures. Le deuxième article, quant à lui, explorait la valeur prédictive des caractéristiques de l’enfant, de l’agression sexuelle, de la garde partagée, du contexte de dévoilement, des preuves disponibles et de l’entrevue d’enquête sur les chances que le dossier soit considéré comme fondé par les enquêteurs et autorisé à procéder en cour criminelle par les procureurs de la couronne. Ces caractéristiques ont été cotées à partir d’un échantillon de 169 entrevues et dossiers d’agression sexuelle. Les résultats montrent que 117 des 169 dossiers (69%) de l’échantillon ont été considérés comme fondés par les enquêteurs. La régression logistique révèle que, en ordre d’importance, l’âge de l’enfant, le fait que le dévoilement soit accidentel, le choix du premier confident, la fréquence des agressions et la corroboration des faits par le suspect étaient des prédicteurs significatifs à la décision policière. De ces 117 dossiers fondés et soumis aux procureurs, 96 dossiers (82%) ont été autorisés par ces derniers à procéder en cour. Les résultats de la régression logistique révèlent en outre que, en ordre d’importance, le nombre de faits corroborés par le suspect, la protection maternelle, l’adhésion au protocole NICHD de même que le nombre de faits corroborés par le témoin augmentaient significativement la prédiction que les dossiers soient autorisés alors que le jeune âge de l’enfant diminuait cette prédiction. Ces résultats sont discutés ainsi que les limites de l’étude et les pistes de recherches futures. / This thesis aimed to explore the contribution of contextual variables to the formal disclosure of alleged child sexual abuse victims as well as to the legal proceedings of their case. More specifically, the first article examined the predictive value of child sexual abuse’s characteristics (relationship between the child and the suspect, reported coercion, type and frequency of abuse) as well as the disclosure context (purposeful or accidental disclosure, maternal belief and protective actions) on the proportion of central forensically relevant (CFR) details elicited during the investigative interview. The study also controlled for the well documented effects of the child’s age and use of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Investigative Protocol. All these variables were collected from 116 interview transcripts and child sexual abuse files. As expected, results from hierarchical regression showed that adhesion to the NICHD Protocol and the child’s age were the two strongest predictors of the proportion of CFR details obtained. Coercion (physical and verbal) as well as the presence of a protective mother also increased the proportion of CFR details obtained. Explanations for these results are discussed, as well as the study’s limitations and implications for further research. The second article explored the predictive value of the characteristics of the child, sexual abuse, shared custody, disclosure context, available evidence and investigative interviews on the investigators’ decision to substantiate the complaint and on the district attorney’s decision to authorize its proceeding in court. These characteristics were collected from 169 child sexual abuse police files and interview transcripts. Results show that 117 files out of 169 (69%) were classified as substantiated by the investigators. Logistic regression reveal that the child’s age, an accidental disclosure, the choice of the first person who received the disclosure, the frequency of the abuse, and the suspect’s corroboration were significant predictors in finding the case substantiated. Of these 117 substantiated files submitted to the district attorneys, 96 of them (82%) were authorized to proceed in criminal court. Significant predictors on the district attorneys’ level were the corroboration of the suspect, the protection offered by the mother following her child’s disclosure, the adhesion to the NICHD investigative Protocol and the corroboration of the witness which increased the chances of authorizing the case whereas the child’s age diminished it. The results are discussed, as well as well as the study’s limitations and implications for further research.
32

會計師事務所提供法律服務對審計人員獨立性之影響 / The Effects of CPA Firms' Provision of Legal Services To Audit Clients on Financial Satement Users' Perceptions of Auditor Independence

張益輔, Chang, Yi Fu Unknown Date (has links)
近年來在會計師事務所積極擴張其專業服務版圖的情況下,會計師事務所逐漸發展成橫跨多項專業領域的多元化組織。為對企業營運問題提供完整的解決方案,會計師事務所聘用律師或與法律事務所進行策略聯盟,已是無可避免之趨勢。但會計師事務所對審計客戶提供法律服務則可能衍生出一些新問題,並使外部第三者對其適當性產生疑慮。因此本研究旨在探討當會計師事務所對審計客戶提供法律服務時,財務報表使用者對審計人員獨立性與財務報表可靠性之認知與判斷情形,而研究目的則是驗證法律服務類型、法律公費金額重大性與事務所職員分離程度對財務報表使用者反應的可能影響。   研究結果發現,當審計客戶之法律公費構成重大的財務關係時,將顯著影響報表使用者對審計人員獨立性及財務報表可靠性之認知與判斷;另外職員分離程度亦顯著影響報表使用者對審計人員獨立性及財報可靠性之認知情形;但法律服務類型對上述項目之影響則僅為部分顯著。其次,有效保障機制的設計與執行,包括「限制法律服務收入之金額重大性」、「對法律服務公費及服務內容設立強制揭露之規定」、「建立防火牆」與「簽署保密棄權書」等,應有助於維持審計人員之外觀獨立性,並且是財務報表使用者心目中最合理的規範方式。 / In recent years, CPA firms have continued to expand the types of professional services offered both to their audit and non-audit clients and become multidisciplinary organizations. In many cases, they found it necessary to employ lawyers or to enter into strategic alliances with law firms in order to provide complete solutions to business problems. The increase in such arrangements raised new questions and concerns regarding their propriety when legal services were provided to audit clients. This research assessed financial statement users’perceptions of auditor independence and financial statement reliability when a CPA firm offered legal services to its audit clients. The objective was to test financial statement users’reactions to different types of legal services that CPA firms offered to their audit clients, as well as the effects of the materiality of the engagement and the degree of staff separation involved in the provision of such services.   Results indicated that a financially material business relationship affected financial statement users’perceptions regarding independence and related judgments of financial statement reliability. The degree of staff separation between auditors and lawyers was also found to affect perceptions of independence and related judgments of financial statement reliability. The type of legal services offered had a lesser effect on responses. This study suggested that with certain mitigating/safeguarding procedures in place, e.g., legal fee magnitude restrictions, legal service disclosure requirements, firewalls, and client waivers, users’perceptions of auditor independence and financial statements reliability may not be impaired when CPA firms provide legal services to their audit clients.
33

Rättegångskostnader : Om kostnadsbördan i dispositiva tvistemål

Bellander, Henrik January 2017 (has links)
Rättegångskostnader – Costs in Civil Procedure The rules on costs in Chapter 18 of the Swedish Code of Legal Procedure (Sw: Rättegångsbalken) have an impact on several procedural questions but have rarely been thoroughly discussed in legal practice or theory since their adoption in 1942. On the other hand, since the Code was adopted civil procecedure scholars have considerably focused on the development and changes in society and how they affect civil procedure. This thesis aims at examining both these lines of development. The impact of the theoretical discussions during the 20th century is critically addressed, with special attention to cost-related questions, and the application of rules on costs in some current and actual situations are examined and evaluated from a pragmatic perspective. The inquiry shows that costs have been of indirect relevance for the theoretical discussion in procedural law and that this theoretical development in turn has had effects on cost rules. Changing views on civil procedure have led to altered framings of cost problems and to shifts in how the rules have been comprehended and applied. The inquiry covers questions on cost assessment and cost shifting between the parties, as well as problems connected to possibilities to spread costs and risk on legal representatives, funders and others. It is argued that a more compromising and pluralistic application of the rules combined with more explicit communication in cost issues between the parties and the court during early stages of the proceedings may facilitate and lead to more nuanced cost decisions without burdening the final stages of the proceedings with extensive legal argumentation.

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