This study compared uncomplicated canine babesiosis (CB) with various grades of experimentally induced normovolaemic anaemia (EA) and the physiological state (controls) in the dog using Doppler variables of the abdominal aorta and splanchnic vessels. There were 14 cases of uncomplicated CB, and each EA and control group had 11 Beagles. There were significant increases in the abdominal aorta, cranial mesenteric artery, coeliac artery and main portal vein blood flow velocities, and in portal blood flow during EA when compared with the physiological state. There were significant reductions in resistance indices of the same vessels, and those of the hilar splenic artery. Changes were most notable during severe EA and less consistent during lower grades of anaemia. Significant changes in renal haemodynamics were found only during severe acute EA. In contrast to other abdominal vessels, left renal artery pulsatility and resistive indices increased significantly during EA while those of the interlobar artery remained unchanged. There was a significant increase in peak systolic velocity and significant decrease in end diastolic velocity. Renal artery time-averaged mean velocity (TAVmean) (P < 0.008) and end diastolic velocity (P = 0.041) were significantly lower than the corresponding variables of the aorta, cranial mesenteric and coeliac arteries during the EA but not the physiological state. The TAVmean ratio was significantly (P< 0.014) lower during EA when compared to the physiological state, and significantly (P< 0.004) lower than the corresponding variables of cranial mesenteric or coeliac artery during the EA but not the physiological state. There was a striking similarity between CB and EA regarding haemodynamic change patterns of Doppler variables in all vessels. In spite of this, renal resistive indices during CB were significantly higher than during EA and the physiological state. The similarity between CB and EA haemodynamic patterns is attributed to anaemia while significant differences between them may be attributable to pathophysiological factors peculiar to CB. This observation supports the view that CB impairs renal circulation through certain mechanisms such as capillary blockage with sequestered red blood cells. Doppler ultrasonography is a useful technique for clinical investigation of haemodynamics in CB and related diseases. / Thesis (PhD (Veterinary Science))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Companion Animal Clinical Studies / unrestricted

This study examines, from a modelling point of view, the dynamics of infectious diseases in wildlife caused by macroparasites and by tick-borne infections. The overall aim was to investigate the important role played by parasite aggregation in the dynamics of both systems. For macroparasites we first developed some deterministic models that incorporate explicit mechanisms for generating aggregation in parasite distribution, specifically multiple infections and host heterogeneity. We explored the role of aggregation in host regulation and in determining a threshold value for parasite establishment. A large aggregation makes it more difficult for parasites both to regulate hosts, and to get established in a population at carrying capacity. Furthermore, the stabilization yielded by aggregation strongly depends on the mechanism that produces the aggregation. We then introduced some uncertainties into the host-macroparasite system, presenting an individual-based stochastic model that incorporated the same assumptions as the deterministic model. Stochastic simulations, using parameter values based on some real case studies, preserved many features of the deterministic model, like the average value of the variables and the approximate length of the cycles. An important difference is that, even when deterministic models yield damped oscillations, stochastic simulations yield apparently sustained oscillations. The amplitude of such oscillations may be so large as to threaten the parasites’ persistence. With respect to tick-borne diseases we presented a general model framework that incorporated both viraemic and non-viraemic routes of infections. We compute the threshold for disease persistence and study its dependence on the parameters and on host densities. The effects of tick aggregation and correlation between different tick stages on the host have both an important effect on infection persistence, if non-viraemic transmission occurred. In the case of Lyme Disease and Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE) in Trentino (northern Italy) we showed some numerical results, using parameter estimates based on a detailed field study, and explored the effects of uncertainty on the endemic equilibrium of both diseases assuming only viraemic transmission for Lyme Disease while for TBE we permitted only non-viraemic transmission through co-feeding ticks. In conclusion we have examined the patterns and changes of aggregation in a number of contrasting systems and believe that these studies highlight both the importance of considering heterogeneities in modelling host-parasite interactions and, more specifically, modelling the biological mechanisms that produce aggregation in parasite distributions.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008- Joao Ricardo Carreira Alves.pdf: 5100916 bytes, checksum: c0a353c763d3ea209bd91de14e9fe1e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / This study was conducted with the objective to contribute with the agreement of the relation calves x ticks x hemoparasites in the sector of milk cows of the Farm of the Institute of Zootecnia (FAIZ) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Seventeen female calves with age between 15 days old and 14 months old, between july of 2006 and june of 2007. These animals were subdivided in three ages bands: up to 2 months, between 3- 6 months and above of 7 months, in accordance with the handling of the property. Was realized ticks`s counting, collection of blood and hematological examination of all the animals in interval of 14 days. The exams were carrying through in laboratories of Parasites Diseases, Clinical Pathology of UFRRJ and the Serological of Embrapa Beef Cattle. Throughout 12 months, it can be verified the constant presence of larvaes, nymphs and females of tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. The frequency of positive animals for the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), for the agents of the Tick-borne Disease (Babesia bigemina, B. bovis and Anaplasma marginale) and Borrelia sp., was verified that in all ages bands exist positive serological animal. The frequency and antibody levels, as much for B. bigemina as for B. bovis, evaluated through the indirect ELISA, had been high. This fact associated with the absence of infection symptoms suggests a situation of immunization of the animals and an area of enzootically stable. None trend of seasonal distribution of infections for B. bigemina, B. bovis, A. marginale and Borrelia sp. was observed. / Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de contribuir para o entendimento das rela??es bezerros x carrapatos x hemoparasitos no setor de bovinocultura de leite da Fazenda do Instituto de Zootecnia (FAIZ) da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Foram utilizadas 17 bezerras com idade entre 15 dias e 14 meses, entre julho de 2006 a junho de 2007. Estes animais foram subdivididos em tr?s faixas et?rias: at? 2 meses, de 3-6 meses e acima de 7 meses, de acordo com o manejo zoot?cnico da propriedade. Procedeu-se contagem de carrapatos, coleta de sangue e exames hematol?gicos de todos animais em intervalo de 14 dias. Os exames foram realizados nos Laborat?rios de Doen?as Parasit?rias, de Patologia Cl?nica da UFRRJ e de Sorologia da Embrapa Gado de Corte. Ao longo de 12 meses, podese verificar a presen?a constante de larvas, ninfas e f?meas de carrapatos Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Em rela??o a freq??ncia de positividade pelo ensaio de imunoadsors?o enzim?tica (ELISA) indireto, para os agentes da Tristeza Parasit?ria Bovina (Babesia bigemina, B. bovis e Anaplasma marginale) e Borrelia sp., verificou-se que em todas as faixas et?rias haviam animais sorologicamente positivos. A freq??ncia e os n?veis de anticorpos, tanto para B. bigemina como para B. bovis, avaliados atrav?s do ELISA indireto, foram altos. Este fato associado ? aus?ncia de sintomas de infec??o sugere uma situa??o de pr?-imuniza??o dos animais e uma ?rea de estabilidade enzo?tica. N?o foi observada qualquer tend?ncia de distribui??o sazonal de infec??es por B. bigemina, B. bovis, Anaplasma marginale e Borrelia sp.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006 - Marcelo de Oliveira Henriques.pdf: 1418850 bytes, checksum: 6ccdf4d93022fbed75fdf435f7413052 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-25 / This study was conducted with the purpose to evaluate the clinical, laboratory and epidemiological aspects of naturally acquired Babesia equi infection in 178 horses handled in a semi-intensive system, property of the Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras Brazilian Army, situated in the city of Resende, in the Rio de Janeiro State. Babesia equi is a species of hemoparasite of elevated prevalence among equids in tropical regions, being hard to control, causing important economic losses because of the long periods of convalescence, decline of performance in the affected animals, expenses with medication and workers, besides the restrictions in transit of equines, either for hippic competitions or international commerce. In the Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction, a prevalence of 85,96% (n=153) was verified, therefore the area can be considered endemic for Babesia equi and in enzootic stability. There was no significant difference in the age or sex of the seropositive animals. Laboratory parameters like packed cell volume, red blood cell count, platelet count, global and differential white blood cell counts, dosages of seric creatinine, albumin and total plasmatic proteins, all of which led to the conclusion that in the assymptomatic carrier state there is no hematologic or seric biochemical variations that could be attributed to the protozoal Babesia equi. / Este estudo foi conduzido com o intuito de avaliar achados cl?nicos, laboratoriais e epidemiol?gicos na infec??o natural de Babesia equi em 178 eq?inos mantidos em sistema semiintensivo de cria??o, de propriedade da Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras Ex?rcito Brasileiro, situada no munic?pio de Resende, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Babesia equi ? uma esp?cie de hemoparasita de elevada preval?ncia entre eq??deos de ?reas tropicais, sendo de dif?cil controle, causando perdas econ?micas importantes, pelos longos per?odos de convalescen?a, queda de desempenho nos animais acometidos, gastos com medicamentos e m?o de obra, al?m de impor restri??es no tr?nsito de eq?inos, seja para competi??es h?picas ou com?rcio internacional. Na Rea??o de Imunofluoresc?ncia Indireta, foi verificada uma preval?ncia de 85,96% (n=153), podendo ser a ?rea considerada end?mica para Babesia equi e em estabilidade enzo?tica, n?o sendo observadas diferen?as significativas entre sexo e idade dos animais. Par?metros laboratoriais como volume globular, hematimetria, plaquetometria, leucometrias global e espec?fica, dosagens de creatinina s?rica, albumina e prote?nas plasm?ticas totais foram conduzidos, podendo-se concluir que no estado de portador assintom?tico n?o h? varia??o hematol?gica ou de bioqu?mica s?rica que possa ser creditada ao protozo?rio Babesia equi.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-11-07T11:43:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Luciana de Lima Bezerra.pdf: 823571 bytes, checksum: aeff9177e7ee978c9b6138f66f82aacc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-07T11:43:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Luciana de Lima Bezerra.pdf: 823571 bytes, checksum: aeff9177e7ee978c9b6138f66f82aacc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior, CAPES, Brasil. / This study aimed to evaluate the influence of babesiosis in embryo recovery rates, early pregnancy and embryonic loss. The project was carried out in a Central Commercial Embryo Transfer, located in the city of Itaguai, and two farms in the county of Serop?dica-RJ, using animals from the same breed (Mangalarga Marchador). The 13 donors and 40 recipients used in this experiment were positive for Theileria equi confirmed by nested-PCR method . Two embryo collections were performed in donor mares in two consecutive estrous cycles (GID), in sequence these same animals were treated with imidocarb dipropionate (1.2 mg / kg IM.) in order to conduct two more embryo collections in two estrous cycles (GIId). The embryo recipients were divided into two groups of 20 animals each, where one was the control group (IRG), and the other group was treated (GIIr) with 1.2 mg / kg IM imidocarb dipropionate, with the aim of evaluating pregnancy rate at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. The embryo donors mares had normal erythrocyte before and after treatment with imidocarb dipropionate. ConcerningWBC, the embryo donors showed a decrease in the count of total leukocytes and neutrophils after treatment and a slight increase of lymphocytes and monocytes after treatment. The embryo recipients showed normal erythrocyte and leukocyte counts before and after the treatment with imidocarb dipropionate. After 52 embryo collections performed, embryo recovery rate was 53.84% (14/26) and 65.38% (17/26) ( p> 0,05) for GID and GIId respectively. The pregnancy rate was 70% (14/20) ( p> 0,05) at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days in the Gir and the GIIr was 85% (17/20) ( p> 0,05) at 15 days, 80% (16/20) ( p> 0,05) at 30 , 45 and 60 days. Treatment with imidocarb dipropionate did not improve significantly the reproductive efficiency in an ET program. / Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a influ?ncia da babesiose nas taxas de recupera??o embrion?ria, gesta??o e perda embrion?ria precoce. O projeto foi realizado em uma Central Comercial de Transfer?ncia de Embri?o, situado no Munic?pio de Itagua?, e em dois haras no munic?pio de Serop?dica- RJ. Foram utilizadas 13 doadoras e 40 receptoras de embri?o da ra?a Mangalarga Marchador, positivas para Theileria equi atrav?s do m?todo de nested-PCR. Nas ?guas doadoras foram realizados duas coletas de embri?es em dois ciclo estrais consecutivos (GId), em sequ?ncia, esses mesmos animais foram tratados com dipropionato de imidocarb (1,2 mg/kg IM.) para realiza??o de mais duas coletas de embri?es em dois ciclos estrais (GIId). As receptoras de embri?o foram divididas em dois grupos de 20 animais cada, onde um grupo foi o controle (GIr) e, o outro grupo, foi tratado (GIIr) com 1,2 mg/ Kg IM de dipropionato de imidocarb, com intuito de avaliar a taxa de gesta??o aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias. As ?guas doadoras apresentaram eritrograma normal antes e ap?s o tratamento com dipropionato de imidocarb, e em rela??o ao leucograma, apresentaram diminui??o na contagem de leuc?citos e neutr?filos totais e discreto aumento de linf?citos e mon?citos somente ap?s o tratamento. As receptoras apresentaram eritrograma e leucograma normal antes e ap?s o tratamento com dipropionato de imidocarb. Ap?s a realiza??o de 52 coletas de embri?o, a taxa de recupera??o embrion?ria foi 53,84% (14/26) e 65,38% (17/26) (p> 0,05) para GId e GIId respectivamente. A taxa de gesta??o foi de 70% (14/20) (p> 0,05) aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias no grupo GIr e para o GIIr foi 85% (17/20) (p> 0,05) aos 15 dias, 80% (16/20) (p>0,05) aos 30, 45 e 60 dias. O tratamento com dipropionato de imidocarb na forma como foi realizado n?o promoveu melhora significativa na efici?ncia reprodutiva em um programa de TE.

Šunų babeziozė – tai liga, greitai plintanti visame pasaulyje, kurią sukelia pirmuonys, priklausantys Babesia genčiai. Ligos sukėlėjus platina Dermocentor, Rhipicephalus, Haemaphysalis genties erkės. Lietuvoje paplitę Dermacentor reticulatus erkės - pagrindiniai Babesia canis vektoriai. B. canis patenka į raudonąsias kraujo ląsteles (eritrocitus) ir jas suardo. Kasmet sergamumas šunų babezioze visoje Europoje bei Lietuvoje stipriai auga. Darbo tikslas buvo įvertinti šunų užsikrėtimą Babesia canis patogenais ir identifikuoti Babesia canis porūšius ir padermes, panaudojant molekulinius tyrimo metodus ir filogenetinę sekų analizę. Šiame darbe buvo tiriami 20 šunų, sergančių babezioze,( pagal babeziozei būdingą klinikinę išraišką) kraujo mėginiai, kurie buvo surinkti iš Kauno apskrities Veterinarijos klinikų. Taikant molekulinį PGR (polimerazės grandininės reakcijos) metodą, 17 iš šių mėginių buvo identifikuota Babesia canis canis. Atlikus palyginamąją Babesia canis canis 18S rRNR geno sekų analizę, pasitelkus Gen Bank duomenis, buvo nustatyta, kad Lietuvoje sekvenuotos sekos nuo užsikrėtusių šunų buvo identiškos tarpusavyje ir turėjo 91-100% panašumą su sekomis, identifikuotomis sergančiuose šunyse ir D. reticulatus erkėse kitose Europos šalyse. Identifikuotos sekos priklausė vienam iš genotipų, paplitusių Europoje, kuris pasižymi didesniu virulentiškumu. Europos šalyse nustatyta 10 B. canis canis sekų variantų, identifikuotų pagal 18S rRNR geno sekų analizę. / Canine babesiosis is a disease, quickly spreading worldwide, which is caused by the protozoa belonging to the genus Babesia. The disease agents are transmitted by ticks of the genera Dermocentor, Rhipicephalus, and Haemaphysalis. Dermacentor reticulatus ticks, which are widely spread in Lithuania, are the main vectors of Babesia canis. B. canis infects red blood cells (erythrocytes) and destroys them. Every year the morbidity of Babesia canis is intensely growing in the whole of Europe and Lithuania. The aim of thesis was to evaluate the canine infection with Babesia canis pathogens and identify species and subspecies of Babesia canis, using molecular methods of analysis and phylogenetic sequence. The research focused on 20 dogs infected with Babesia canis (in accordance with the clinical expression characteristic of babesiosis); the blood samples were collected in the veterinary clinics in the Kaunas region. Applying the molecular PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) method, 17 of the samples were identified as cases of Babesia canis canis. On the basis of the contrastive gene sequencing analysis of Babesia canis canis 18S rRNR and the data of Gen Bank it was determined that in Lithuania the sequential sequences of infected dogs were identical and by 91-100 percent resembled the sequences identified in infected dogs and D. reticulatus ticks in other European countries. The identified sequences belonged to one of the genotypes which is widely spread in Europe and is... [to full text]

Tema: babezioze sergančių šunų gydymo ypatybės. Tyrimai buvo atliekami Lietuvos Sveikatos Mokslų Universiteto, Veterinarijos Akademijos, Dr. L. Kriaučeliūno smulkiųjų gyvūnų veterinarijos klinikoje. Darbo apimtis 46 puslapiai, jame yra 6 lentelės, 16 paveikslų, panaudoti 72 literatūros šaltiniai. Tyrimų tikslas – išanalizuoti babezioze sergančių šunų gydymo ypatybes, įvertinti galimas komplikacijas bei jų įtaką prognozei. Tyrimų uždaviniai: 1) Atlikti detalią babezioze sergančių šunų klinkinių požymių analizę. 2) Išanalizuoti ir pateikti diagnostinių priemonių, naudojamų šunų babeziozės diagnozavimui bei diferenciacijai, spektrą. 3) Atlikti vaistų ir kitų šunų babeziozės gydymui naudojamų metodų analizę. Įvertinti naudojamų antiparazitinių preparatų privalumus ir trūkumus. Tyrimų metodika: 1) Į kliniką atvestų šunų, kuriems įtariama babeziozė, šeimininkų prašyta nurodyti šunų amžių, veislę, laikymo ir šėrimo sąlygas, pastebėtus pirmuosius ligos požymius, kada jie pasireiškė, bei ar rado paskutiniu metu į šunį įsisiurbusių erkių. 2) Buvo atlikti periferinio kraujo tyrimai, kraujo morfologiniu bei biocheminiu rodikliu tyrimai. 3) Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta skaičiuokle „Excel 2010“. Rezultatai ir išvados: Šunims, sirgusiems babezioze, dažniausiai pasireiškė apatija ir vangumas (100 proc. atvejų), karščiavimas (69 proc. atvejų), blogas apetitas (58,6 proc. atvejų), splenomegalija (41,4 proc. atvejų), galinių kojų silpnumas (37,9 proc. atvejų), mažakraujystė (34,5 proc... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The topic: treatment specifics of canine babesiosis. Researches were carried out in Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Veterinary Academy, Dr. L. Kriaučeliūno veterinary clinic for small animals. Paper volume 46 Pages, it contains 6 tables, 16 images, used 72 references. The research objective – to analyze the treatment specifics for dogs with babesiosis, evaluate the potential complications and their impact on prognosis. Reseach tasks: 1) Perform a detailed analysis of clinical signs in dogs with babesiosis. 2) Analyze and provide diagnostic tools used to diagnose dog babesiosis and differentiation spectrum. 3) Perform analysis on drugs and other treatment methods used in the therapy for dogs with babesiosis. Research methodologies: 1) Dogs owners were asked to indicate their dog's age, breed, housing and feeding conditions, the first signs of the disease which they noticed, when they occurred, and if they found ticks on their dogs recently. 2) Peripheral blood research, blood morphological and biochemical indicators tests were made. 3) The statistical analysis was carried out using calculator in „Excel 2010 “. Results and conclusions: Dogs with a history of babesiosis, commonly observed lethargy and sluggishness (100 percent of cases), fever (69 percent of cases)., loss of appetite (58.6 percent of cases)., splenomegaly (41.4 percent of cases)., rear leg weakness (37.9 percent of cases)., anemia (34.5 percent of cases). Babesiosis had little effect on anemia - red... [to full text]

Thesis (MSc (Production Animal Studies)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:22:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 cavalcante_gg_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 628746 bytes, checksum: 0fafde3beb2bdbf9dafb4f6b57c8b09e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A dinâmica das infecções naturais por Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina e Anaplasma marginale, foi investigada ao longo do primeiro ano de vida de bezerros da raça Nelore criados em sistema extensivo no Estado de São Paulo, com o propósito de se avaliar a influência da criação exclusiva e extensiva de bovinos da raça Nelore sobre a epidemiologia desses hemoparasitas. Amostras de sangue de 17 animais P.O. foram colhidas a cada 15 dias do nascimento até os quatro meses, e então, a cada 30 dias até um ano. Amostras de sangue colhidas da ponta da orelha foram utilizadas para a confecção de esfregaços sanguíneos, e amostras de sangue da veia jugular foram utilizadas para a determinação da contagem total de eritrócitos (RBC), concentração de hemoglobina (HB), volume globular (VG), contagem total de leucócitos (CTL) e extração de DNA. As teleóginas colhidas foram incubadas em estufa BOD e posteriormente submetidas ao processo de extração de DNA. A amplificação do DNA dos hemoparasitas foi feita pelas técnicas de PCR e nPCR, utilizando-se respectivamente os primers BoF e BoR; BoFN e BoRN para Babesia bovis, BiIA e BilB; BilAN e BilBN para B. bigemina e Am9 e Am10; Am11 e Am12 para A. marginale. Ao longo de um ano de experimento não foram observados casos clínicos de tristeza parasitária, e os quatro animais em que parâmetros hematológicos indicativos de anemia foram detectados concomitantemente com uma ou mais espécies de hemoparasitas se recuperaram sem que houvesse necessidade de tratamento. Babesia bovis não foi detectada nos esfregaços sangüíneos corados por Giemsa, porém merozoítas de B. bigemina foram encontrados em 5 amostras de sangue provenientes de 4 animais. Corpúsculos intraeritrocitários de A. marginale foram detectados em 29 amostras oriundas de 14 animais, nas quais a mais elevada taxa de parasitemia foi de 26%... / The dynamics of natural Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale infection was investigated along the first year of Nelore calves, raised on extensive system in São Paulo State. The purpose was to evaluate the influence of the exclusive and extensive breeding of Nelore bovine on the epidemiology of those hemoparasites. Blood samples of 17 purebred animals were harvested every 15 days beginning on the first day of birth till four months old, and then, every 30 days till one year old. Blood samples from the ear tip were used to made blood smears, and blood samples were taken from the jugular vein to determine the red blood cells total count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HB), haematocrite (VG), leukocytes total count (LTC) and DNA extraction. The engorged Boophilus microplus were incubated and submitted to the DNA extraction process. The hemoparasite DNA amplification was made by PCR and nPCR respectively, using the primers BoF and BoR; BoFN and BoRN for Babesia bovis, BiIA and BilB; BilAN and BilBN for B. bigemina and Am9 and Am10; Am11 and Am12 for A. marginale. Clinical cases of parasitic sickness were not observed along one year of experiment. The four animals that were observed with indication of anemia hematological parameters, detected at the same time with one or more hemoparasites species, recovered without treatment. Babesia bovis was not detected in the blood smears. However, B. bigemina merozoites were found in five blood samples coming from four animals. A. marginale was detected in 29 blood samples of 14 animals, in which the highest parasitemia level was 26%. The reactions of PCR and nPCR revealed the presence of B. bovis DNA in seven blood samples (four by PCR) from three animals, one of them born in less than 24 hours... (Complete abstract, access undermentioned electronic address)

Orientador: Teresa Cristina Goulart de Oliveira Sequeira / Banca: Claudio Roberto Madruga / Banca: Márcia Cristina Sena de Oliveira / Banca: Lúcia Helena O'Dwyer / Banca: Agueri Kohayagawa / Resumo: A dinâmica das infecções naturais por Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina e Anaplasma marginale, foi investigada ao longo do primeiro ano de vida de bezerros da raça Nelore criados em sistema extensivo no Estado de São Paulo, com o propósito de se avaliar a influência da criação exclusiva e extensiva de bovinos da raça Nelore sobre a epidemiologia desses hemoparasitas. Amostras de sangue de 17 animais P.O. foram colhidas a cada 15 dias do nascimento até os quatro meses, e então, a cada 30 dias até um ano. Amostras de sangue colhidas da ponta da orelha foram utilizadas para a confecção de esfregaços sanguíneos, e amostras de sangue da veia jugular foram utilizadas para a determinação da contagem total de eritrócitos (RBC), concentração de hemoglobina (HB), volume globular (VG), contagem total de leucócitos (CTL) e extração de DNA. As teleóginas colhidas foram incubadas em estufa BOD e posteriormente submetidas ao processo de extração de DNA. A amplificação do DNA dos hemoparasitas foi feita pelas técnicas de PCR e nPCR, utilizando-se respectivamente os primers BoF e BoR; BoFN e BoRN para Babesia bovis, BiIA e BilB; BilAN e BilBN para B. bigemina e Am9 e Am10; Am11 e Am12 para A. marginale. Ao longo de um ano de experimento não foram observados casos clínicos de tristeza parasitária, e os quatro animais em que parâmetros hematológicos indicativos de anemia foram detectados concomitantemente com uma ou mais espécies de hemoparasitas se recuperaram sem que houvesse necessidade de tratamento. Babesia bovis não foi detectada nos esfregaços sangüíneos corados por Giemsa, porém merozoítas de B. bigemina foram encontrados em 5 amostras de sangue provenientes de 4 animais. Corpúsculos intraeritrocitários de A. marginale foram detectados em 29 amostras oriundas de 14 animais, nas quais a mais elevada taxa de parasitemia foi de 26%... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The dynamics of natural Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale infection was investigated along the first year of Nelore calves, raised on extensive system in São Paulo State. The purpose was to evaluate the influence of the exclusive and extensive breeding of Nelore bovine on the epidemiology of those hemoparasites. Blood samples of 17 purebred animals were harvested every 15 days beginning on the first day of birth till four months old, and then, every 30 days till one year old. Blood samples from the ear tip were used to made blood smears, and blood samples were taken from the jugular vein to determine the red blood cells total count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (HB), haematocrite (VG), leukocytes total count (LTC) and DNA extraction. The engorged Boophilus microplus were incubated and submitted to the DNA extraction process. The hemoparasite DNA amplification was made by PCR and nPCR respectively, using the primers BoF and BoR; BoFN and BoRN for Babesia bovis, BiIA and BilB; BilAN and BilBN for B. bigemina and Am9 and Am10; Am11 and Am12 for A. marginale. Clinical cases of parasitic sickness were not observed along one year of experiment. The four animals that were observed with indication of anemia hematological parameters, detected at the same time with one or more hemoparasites species, recovered without treatment. Babesia bovis was not detected in the blood smears. However, B. bigemina merozoites were found in five blood samples coming from four animals. A. marginale was detected in 29 blood samples of 14 animals, in which the highest parasitemia level was 26%. The reactions of PCR and nPCR revealed the presence of B. bovis DNA in seven blood samples (four by PCR) from three animals, one of them born in less than 24 hours... (Complete abstract, access undermentioned electronic address) / Doutor