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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Detecção parasitológica, molecular e sorológica de Erlichia canis e babesia canis em cães da região Centro-Oriental da Colômbia /

Vargas Hernández, Giovanni. January 2010 (has links)
Orientadora: Mirela Tinucci Costa / Banca: Gervásio Henrique Bechara / Banca: Paulo Cesar Ciarlini / Resumo: A babesiose e a erliquiose canina são doenças comuns em cães, transmitidas pelo vetor Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Os sinais e sintomas dessas doenças não são específicos. A detecção dos parasitos em esfregaços sanguíneos nem sempre é possível e a detecção sorológica pode indicar apenas que o animal teve contato com o agente, mas não necessariamente a doença ativa. Na Colômbia existem poucas pesquisas sobre a epidemiologia e diagnóstico de erliquiose e babesiose em cães, as poucas existentes se basearam na detecção dos hemoparasitas em esfregaços sanguíneos, ou de anticorpos específicos. Sendo assim propos-se este estudo com o objetivo de pesquisar a erliquiose e a babesiose em esfregaços sangüíneos associados a provas sorológicas e moleculares em cães da região centro-oriental de Colômbia. Amostras de sangue e soro de 91 cães, provenientes das cidades de Bogotá (n=21), Villavicencio (n=31) e Bucaramanga (n=39) foram submetidas a pesquisa parasitológica, detecção de anticorpos anti-B. canis e anti-E. canis e detecção molecular de Babesia canis e Ehrlichia canis. Os resultados mostraram que dentre as 91 amostras testadas, 4% e 5% delas apresentaram E. canis e B. canis, respectivamente nas pesquisas parasitológicas dos esfregaços sanguíneos. Nas mesmas amostras, 82% e 51% delas apresentaram anticorpos anti-E. canis e anti-B. canis, respectivamente e, em 40% e 5%, foram detectados os DNA de E. canis e de B. canis, respectivamente. Os amplicons foram confirmados por seqüenciamento e o DNA de E. canis e de B. canis obtidos mostraram similaridade genética de 98% a 99% com amostras de E. canis e de B. canis isoladas em outros países, as árvores filogenéticas dos agentes pesquisados foram / Abstract: Canine babesiosis and ehrlichiosis are common diseases in dogs, and are transmitted by the vector Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The clinical signs of these diseases are not specific. Detection of parasites in blood smears is not always possible and the serological detection could only indicate that the animal has had contact with the agent and not necessarily that the disease is being developed. In Colombia, there are few reports on canine babesiosis and ehrlichiosis's epidemiology and diagnosis, being them based only on the detection of haemoparasites in blood smears and detection of antibodies. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the presence of Ehrlichia sp. and Babesia sp. in blood smears, associated with serological and molecular detection of these parasites in dog blood samples from the middle east region of Colombia. Blood and sera samples from 91 dogs from Bogotá (n=21), Villavicencio (n=31) and Bucaramanga cities (n=39) were submitted to parasitological, serological and molecular detection of B. canis and E. canis. Among the 91 samples tested, 4% and 5% presented E. canis morulae and B. canis piroplasms in blood smears, respectively. Moreover, 82% and 51% of samples presented antibodies anti-E. canis and anti-B. canis, respectively. E. canis and B. canis DNA were detected in 40% and 5% of samples, respectively. The amplicons were confirmed by sequencing and the found DNA from E. canis and B. canis showed a genetic identity of 98% to 99% among samples from E. canis and B. canis isolated from other countries. Finally, phyllogenetic trees were constructed from both agents / Mestre
42

Inquérito sorológico das infecções por Babesia bovis (Babes, 1888), Babesia bigemina (Smith e Kilborne, 1893) e Anaplasma marginale (Theiler, 1910) em bovinos no Estado de Alagoas, Brasil

PORTO, Wagnner José Nascimento 09 February 2007 (has links)
Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-11-09T11:59:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Wagnner Jose Nascimento Porto.pdf: 485977 bytes, checksum: 38cc1a2dbc36f847dab429353687fd56 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-09T11:59:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wagnner Jose Nascimento Porto.pdf: 485977 bytes, checksum: 38cc1a2dbc36f847dab429353687fd56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-09 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The prevalence of serum antibodies to Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale infections were investigated in cattle farming herds from three regions called Sertão, Agreste and Leste of Alagoas State, Brazil. Sera samples from 1,155 cattle raised in 26 farms were evaluated by enzyme immunoassay (indirect ELISA). At the same time a questionnaire survey was conducted in the data were also analyzed. According to the results, 70.22% (811/1155) of the animals were positive for B. Bovis and 77.40% (894/1155) for B. bigemina and 27.45% (317/1155) of the animals were positive for antibodies against A. marginale The seroprevalence showed that the State of Alagoas is considered enzootically unstable for B. bovis and A. marginale enzootically stable for B. bigemina. The prevalence of Babesia sp infection was higher (p<0.05) in beef cattle than for dairy cattle and mixed herds. Regarding the infection by A. marginale, antibodies levels were more elevated in dairy cattle than others kind of rearing, but this difference was not significant. It is concluded that preventive measures should be adopted especially unstable areas. / A prevalência de anticorpos séricos para infecções por Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina e Anaplasma marginale foram investigados em bovinos das Mesorregiões do Agreste, Leste e Sertão do Estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Amostras de soro de 1155 bovinos provenientes de 26 propriedades foram analisadas pelo ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA). Os resultados mostraram que 70,22% (811/1155) dos animais foram sororreagentes para B. bovis, 77,40% (894/1155) para B. bigemina e 27,45% (317/1155) foram positivos à infecção por A. marginale, o que evidencia que o Estado de Alagoas pode ser classificado como área de instabilidade enzoótica para B. bovis e A. marginale, e estabilidade enzoótica para B. bigemina. A prevalência da infecção por Babesia sp foi mais alta (p<0,05) em rebanhos de corte do que nos rebanhos leiteiros ou de aptidão mista. Com relação à infecção por Anaplasma marginale houve diferença não significativa. Conclui-se que medidas preventivas devem ser adotadas especialmente nas áreas de instabilidade enzoótica.
43

The pathology and pathogenesis of canine cerebral babesiosis

Pardini, Anne Dale 09 September 2010 (has links)
The pathology of canine cerebral babesiosis was examined at the gross, histological and ultrastructural levels. Gross lesions could be categorised as either global or regional. Congestive brain swelling , diffuse cerebral congestion and diffuse cerebral pallor were classified as global lesions. Multifocal haemorrhage and malacia were classified as regional lesions. Oedema was inconsistently present and could be either focal or diffuse. The majority of histological changes were observed in both cerebral babesiosis and control cases. Regional lesions were unique to cerebral babesiosis and had specific histological features. Highly localised endothelial injury was the primary lesion. Early lesions were multifocal and strictly associated with the microvasculature. Intermediate lesions, with perivascular haemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration, were suggestive of reperfusion injury. Advanced lesions were locally extensive and similar in appearance to haemorrhagic infarction. It is likely that the pathogenesis of regional lesions is by a process of microvascular infarction, as venous thrombosis could not be demonstrated. Ultrastructural evidence for adherent contact between erythrocytes and capillary endothelium was demonstrated. Endothelial cell necrosis occurred early in the development of lesions, before neuronal and glial injury. It is postulated that endothelial injury is the primary event in the development of regional lesions and secondary lesions develop as a consequence of microvascular infarction. / Die patologie van die serebrale vorm van bosluiskoors in honde is ondersoek. Die letsels is makroskopies, histologies en elektronmikroskopies beskryf. Letsels kon makroskopies in twee groepe verdeel word: Globale letsels en gelokaliseerde letsels. Kongestiewe brein swelling, diffuse serebrale kongestie en serebrale anemie kom voor as globale letsels in serebrale babesiose. Multifokale bloeding en nekrose kom voor as gelokaliseerde letsels. Edeem was nie konsekwent teenwoordig nie, en was algemeen of verspreid. Die meeste algemene histologiese veranderinge was in beide serebrale en kontrole gevalle teenwoordig. Gelokaliseerde letsels waarin spesifieke hisotpatologiese veranderinge voorgekom het, was kenmerkend van serebrale babesiose. Die primere letsel is hoogs gelokaliseerde beskadiging van endoteelselle. Beskadiging van die kapillere bloedvate ontstaan vroeg in die ontwikkeling van letsels. Verdere ontwikkeling van die letsel word gekenmerk deur peri-vaskulere bloeding en neutrofiel infiltrasie wat aanduidend is van reperfusie beskadiging. Volontwikkelde letsels is plaaslik-ekstensief en het die voorkoms van hemoragiese infarkte Dit is waarskynlik dat mikrovaskulere infarksie 'n rol speel in die patogenese van die letsels, aangesien veneuse trombose nie ontstaan nie. Noue kontak tussen rooibloedselle en kapillere endoteel is elektronmikroskopies bevestig. Endoteelselnekrose ontstaan voordat tekens van beskadiging geidentifiseer kan word in neurone of gliaselle. Dit blyk dat kapillere endoteelselbeskadiging die primere letsel by die ontstaan van gelokaliseerde lese Is is, en dat sekondere lesels ontwikkel as gevolg van mikrovaskulere infarksie. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2000. / Paraclinical Sciences / Unrestricted
44

Assessment of Canine Immunity using Computational and Flow Cytometric Approaches

Weaver, Kriston 17 August 2013 (has links)
The Affymetrix GeneChip® Canine Genome 2.0 microarray is re-annotated using AgBase tools, up-to-date ID mapping and GO annotations associated with publicly available gene products updated on this array. This re-annotation makes the array more useful for researchers using the canine microarray for biological discovery. We use flow cytometry to determine if liposomal clodronate (LC) is an acceptable alternative to surgical splenectomy to facilitate detection of subclinical infection with Babesia canis in potential blood donor greyhounds. Our study shows that LC is not a reliable means of exposing babesiosis in greyhounds with a recent history of infection. We evaluate the effect of depletion of antigen presenting cells on regulatory T cells (Tregs) in dogs treated with LC by multi-color flow cytometry. We demonstrate that LC promotes increases in the CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs affecting mostly the CD4+CD25lowFOXP3+ Tregs subset suggesting a role of monocytes in naïve T cell priming and differentiation into Tregs.
45

Ocorrência de Theileria equi congênita em potros Puro Sangue Lusitano no Brasil, diagnosticada através da técnica de RT-PCR / Occurrence of congenital Theileria equi in Lusitano foals through RT-PCR detection

Roncati, Neimar Vanderlei 12 December 2006 (has links)
Para determinação da ocorrência de transmissão transplacentária da Theileria equi em neonatos eqüinos foram avaliados 50 potros da raça Puro Sangue Lusitano, machos e fêmeas, bem como suas respectivas mães, logo após o parto. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue total, tanto das mães como dos neonatos, entre as primeiras cinco horas pós parto para pesquisa de Theileria equi e Babesia caballi através da técnica de RT-PCR. Utilizou-se o kit de detecção baseado no fluofóro intercalante de DNA SYBERgreen. Um total de 46% das éguas apresentaram resultado positivo para Theileira equi e 54% se mostraram negativas, enquanto que 66% dos potros apresentaram resultados positivos e 34% negativos, sendo que 73,9% dos potros positivos nasceram de mães também positivas. Já para Babesia caballi, 16% das éguas foram positivas e 84% negativas, assim como 2% dos potros foram positivos e 98% negativos. O teste de RT-PCR é bastante sensível e específico, mas pode resultar em falso negativo, apesar de ser eficaz na detecção da Theileria equi e Babesia caballi nos eqüinos. Estes dados permitem concluir que existe a possibilidade de transmissão transplacentária de Theileria equi. / The occurrence of transplacentary transmission of Theileria equi in horses was determined by evaluating 50 young male and female horses of the breed Lusitano Horses as well as their respective mothers. Colts and fillies were evaluated as soon as they were born. Total blood samples were collected from both mother and offspring within the first five hours right after the parturition to analyse Theileria equi and Babesia caballi through the RT-PCR technique. It was used the kit of detection based on DNA SYBERgreen. This study showed us that 46% of the female horses had positive results for Theileira equi and 54% negative results while 66% of the male horses had positive results and 34% of them, negative ones. Moreover, 73.9% of the positive young horses also had their mothers positive. However, for Babesia caballi 16% of the female horses had positive results and 84% negative ones while 2% of the male horses had positive results and 98%, negative ones. The RT-PCR test is very sensitive and specific but it can occur false-negative results although it is efficient in detecting Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses. In conclusion, the data show us that there is a possibility of transplacentary transmission of Theileria equi.
46

Estudo Retrospectivo de Babesiose em Eq?inos de Uso Militar com Avalia??o de Casos Cl?nicos e da Bioqu?mica S?rica / Retrospective Assessment of Babesiosis in Military Use Equine with Clinical and Biochemical Evaluation.

Mesquita Neto, Francisco Duque de 15 April 2003 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2003 - Francisco Duque de Mesquita Neto.pdf: 958906 bytes, checksum: f40c3c09d2a04fe1a62d465ee6388517 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work was carried out at Cavalry School Regiment of Brazilian Army to analyze clinical occurrence of babesiosis caused by Babesia equi. There were been used half-breed horses with average age of 11 years old, apparently healthy. These horses received handling standard of Military Unit. Biochemistry methods were used to determinate plasmatic proteins, bilirubins, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase and these tests were correlated with occurrence of B. equi at optical microscopy, horse s age and handling, and antibodies against B. equi using indirect immunofluorescence reaction. It s can be concluded that positive serology to babesiosis didn t affected significantly horses body score. Horses handling and lesser laboratorial tests favors Babesiosis by B. equi. Prevalence of B. equi detected by indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction was 90,24%, similar to others works conducted at Rio de Janeiro State, and can be considered an endemic disease. Horses were on a stable enzootic situation and so B. equi can be observed at optical microscopy relatively higher on stabled horses, because they were under stressing conditions, always exposed to return to disease. Plasmatic levels of alkaline phosphatase confirm clinically that horses presented osteopathies and occurrence of hyperglobulinemia and direct bilirrubinemia indicated hepatic damage in horses. / Este trabalho foi realizado no Regimento Escola de Cavalaria do Ex?rcito Brasileiro, com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorr?ncia cl?nica de babesiose por Babesia equi. Foram utilizados eq?inos sem ra?a definida, com a m?dia de idade de 11 anos e aparentemente sadios. Os eq?inos receberam o manejo padr?o da Unidade Militar. Foram executadas as t?cnicas bioqu?micas para a dosagem das prote?nas, bilirrubinas, fosfatase alcalina e lactato desidrogenase, com a finalidade de avaliar os valores destes com o esfrega?o sang??neo, o manejo, a idade, a sorologia para a detec??o de anticorpos anti-Babesia equi por imunofluoresc?ncia indireta. As conclus?es deste trabalho foram as seguintes: a sorologia positiva para a babesiose n?o interfere significativamente no estado corporal dos animais; o tipo de manejo e o reduzido acompanhamento laboratorial propiciam a ocorr?ncia da doen?a provocada pela B. equi. A preval?ncia de 90,24% de B.equi pela rea??o de imunofluoresc?ncia indireta, observada nos eq?inos foi semelhante ? relatada em outros trabalhos realizados no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, o que faz-se considerar o plantel estudado como end?mico para esta doen?a. Os animais encontravam-se em situa??o de estabilidade enzo?tica conseq?entemente, a observa??o da B. equi na microscopia ?ptica foi relativamente alta nos eq?inos aquartelados, indicando condi??es de estresse e o risco de reagudizac?o da doen?a. Os n?veis plasm?ticos da fosfatase alcalina indicam que plantel sofre osteopatias desmineralizantes e, a ocorr?ncia de hiperglobulinemia e bilirrubinemia direta indica de dano hep?tico nos eq?inos.
47

Preval?ncia de anticorpos para agentes da Tristeza Parasit?ria Bovina, Trypanosoma vivax e Borrelia sp em bovinos do nordeste do estado do Par?, Brasil / Prevalence of Antibodies for Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax and Borrelia sp in Cattle from Northeastern of Par? State, Brazil

Guedes Junior, Daniel da Silva 23 February 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Daniel da Silva Guedes Junior.pdf: 6474539 bytes, checksum: feffc8f41781fb68d79aa3969d5d9651 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Babesiosis, anaplasmosis, trypanosomosis and borreliosis are relevant diseases, potentially causing morbidity in cattle, leading to economic losses. The objective of this study was to determine, through indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the prevalence of Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax and Borrelia sp. antibodies in cattle to estabilish the risk of outbreaks. Sera samples of 246 female adult cattle from Castanhal and S?o Miguel do Guam?, northeastern Par? counties (areas with recorded copper and cobalt deficiency) were used. Crude antigen was used in the serologic technique to detect antibodies against B. bigemina, B. bovis, T. vivax and Borrelia sp. For the detection of A. marginale antibodies, recombinant major surface 1a protein (MSP1a) was used as antigen for indirect ELISA. The serum samples showed a prevalence of 99.2% (B. bigemina), 98.8% (B. bovis), 68.3% (A. marginale), 93.1% (T. vivax) and 54.9% (Borrelia sp). The municipalities were considered stable enzootic areas for B. bigemina, B. bovis and T. vivax, but unstable ones for A. marginale and Borrelia sp. In spite of the stability determined for some studied areas, babesiosis, anaplasmosis and trypanosomosis cases with severe clinical signs were seen on the studied region, possibly due to the mineral deficiency that decreases the immune response and immunoreativity of the animals. / A babesiose e a anaplasmose juntamente com a tripanossomose e borreliose s?o doen?as de import?ncia por causarem, potencialmente, morbidade no rebanho bovino, causando preju?zos ? economia. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar, atrav?s do teste ELISA indireto, a preval?ncia de anticorpos para Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax e Borrelia burgdorferi em bovinos, avaliando o risco de surtos de doen?a. Foram utilizadas amostras de soro de 246 bovinos f?meas, adultas, provenientes dos munic?pios de Castanhal e S?o Miguel do Guam?, regi?o nordeste do estado do Par? com registros de defici?ncias de Cobre e Cobalto. Foi feita sorologia atrav?s do ensaio imunoenzim?tico ELISA indireto, utilizando-se ant?genos brutos para os agentes: B. bigemina, B. bovis, T. vivax e B. burgdorferi. Em rela??o a A. marginale, foi utilizada a prote?na recombinante MSP1a como ant?geno. A an?lise dos soros revelou a preval?ncia para B. bigemina de 99,2%, B. bovis 98,8 %, A. marginale 68,3%, T. vivax 93,1% e Borrelia sp 54,9%. Os munic?pios estudados foram caracterizados como enzooticamente est?veis para B. bigemina, B. bovis e T. vivax, e enzooticamente inst?veis para A. marginale e Borrelia sp. Apesar da estabilidade prevista para alguns agentes na ?rea do estudo, casos cl?nicos de babesiose, anaplasmose e tripanossomose ocorrem na regi?o, possivelmente devido ? defici?ncia mineral, que leva a diminui??o da resposta imune e da imunorreatividade org?nica dos animais.
48

Sudėtinis organų bei jų funkcijų sutrikimas šunims sergantiems babezioze komplikuotoje formoje / Multiple-organ damage/dysfunction in complicated canine babesiosis

Reliūgaitė, Danguolė 05 March 2014 (has links)
Darbo tikslas – surinkti ir išanalizuoti šunų sergančių babezioze atvejus, organų bei jų funkcijų sutrikimus komplikuotoje babeziozės formoje smulkių gyvūnų veterinarijos klinikoje, Klaipėdoje. Darbo uždaviniai: nustatyti kokio amžiaus, veislės bei lyties šunys dažniausiai serga komplikuota babeziozės forma; nustatyti kurio sezono metu daugiausiai pasireiškia komplikuota babeziozės forma; ištirti ir įvertinti biocheminių kraujo tyrimų rezultatus; nustatyti ar sergamumas komplikuota babeziozės forma priklauso nuo sudėtinio organų bei jų funkcijų sutrikimo, bei jo įtaką mirtingumui; nustatyti kokių organų sistemų bei jų funkcijų sutrikimai vyrauja dažniausiai ir ar šių organų sistemų veikla daro įtaką mirtingumui. Tyrimo objektas: šunys sergantys komplikuota babeziozės forma. Tyrime taikyti diagnostikos analizės metodai, statistika, grafika, palyginimas, mokslinės literatūros analizė, sisteminis požiūris, matematiniai metodai, koreliacijos metodas. Išvados: 1. Iš 32 šunų kuriems buvo nustatyta komplikuota babeziozės infekcija dažniausiai (41%) sirgo 1-5 metų šunų amžiaus grupė, dažniausiai sirgo mišrūnai 13 (39,4%), rečiau škotų terjerai 3 (9%), sergančių patinų užregistruota 62,5 %, patelių 37,5%. 2. Didžiausi ligos protrūkiai pasireiškė pavasario (47%) bei rudens (37%) sezono metu 3. Analizuojant kraujo biocheminius parametrus buvo nustatyta, kad babeziozės kraujo biocheminiai parametrai buvo nukrypę nuo normos ribų: šlapalo koncentracija buvo virš normos ribų 3,1 – 8,5... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This study was designed to collect and analyze the dog with babesiosis cases, organ dysfunction, and their a complicated form of babesiosis of small animal veterinary clinic in Klaipeda. The research objective formulated in the following tasks: identify what age, breed and sex dogs usually suffer from a complicated form of babesiosis; set a season mainly occurs in the form of complicated babesiosis; investigate and evaluate the biochemical blood tests; determine whether the incidence of babesiosis complicated form depends on a complex of organs and their functioning, and its impact on mortality; determine what organ systems and their functions, disorders usually prevail and that the organ systems function affects mortality. The object of study: Dogs with complicated babesiosis form. In the research apply the methods of diagnostic analysis, statistics, graphic, comparison, the scientific literary analysis, systematic approach, mathematical methods of treatment, correlation method, survey method. Conclusions: 1. Of the 32 dogs who were with complicated babesiosis infection in most cases (41 %) had 1-5 years of age group of dogs , mostly bastards had 13 (39.4 % ), followed by the Scottish terrier , 3 (9 %) , with 62.5 % of males recorded and females 37.5 % 2. The largest outbreaks occurred in the spring (47 %) and autumn (37 %) during the season 3. The analysis of blood biochemical parameters were found to Babesia in blood biochemical parameters were abnormal values: blood urea... [to full text]
49

MARCADORES DE ESTRESSE OXIDATIVO E ATIVIDADE DAS COLINESTERASES EM BOVINOS EXPERIMENTALMENTE INFECTADOS POR Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina E Anaplasma marginale / OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS AND ACTIVITY CHOLINESTERASE IN EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED CATTLE WITH Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina AND Anaplasma marginale

Doyle, Rovaina Laureano 20 February 2015 (has links)
Babesiosis and anaplasmosis are part of the complex called Bovine Parasitic Sadness (TPB), a disease that causes high morbidity and mortality in susceptible cattle. It is caused by infection of Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina protozoa and by the bacterium Anaplasma marginale. The objective of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress parameters in cattle experimentally infected with B. bovis and B. bigemina and the activities of cholinesterase in asymptomatic B. bigemina well as interference of splenectomy in the oxidative balance of cattle infected with A. marginale. For this, three experiments were performed, using 24 young cattle divided into three groups, each consisting of eight animals which: in the first experiment, four control and four infected with attenuated strain of B. bovis, which were observed decrease in erythrocytes count and activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in addition to increased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). In Experiment II, we used four cattle control and four infected with attenuated strain of B. bigemina, observed decrease in the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and CAT, and increased levels of TBARS and SOD in infected cattle. And, in Experiment III, four splenectomized cattle and four intact, both groups infected with A. marginale, with no difference between groups in the hematological and enzymatic profile, only observed drop in hematocrit, red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration, and increased total leukocyte count due to lymphocytosis in both groups. Positive correlations were found between TBARS versus bacteremia and negative between NPSH versus bacteremia in both groups, but the correlations were higher in splenectomized group. From the results it can be inferred that infection with B. bovis causes oxidative balance, in the same way B. bigemina infection induces an oxidative stress condition and changes the atividase cholinesterase even in asymptomatic animals and bacteremia by A. marginale influences lipid peroxidation in independent splenectomy cattle. This study may suggest that oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation markers can be used as auxiliary tool in the early diagnosis of this disease as well as the basis for studies on the use of antioxidants in the diet of cattle to prevent infection and / or reduce the severity of injuries caused by these parasites. / A Tristeza Parasitária Bovina (TPB) é uma doença que causa alta morbidade e mortalidade em bovinos suscetíveis, causada pela infecção dos protozoários Babesia bovis e Babesia bigemina e pela bactéria Anaplasma marginale. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros de estresse oxidativo em bovinos experimentalmente infectados com B. bovis e B. bigemina e as atividades das colinesterases na infecção assintomática por B. bigemina assim como a interferência da esplenectomia no equilíbrio oxidativo de bovinos infectados com A. marginale. Para tanto, foram realizados três experimentos, sendo utilizados 24 bovinos jovens divididos em três grupos experimentais, cada um composto por oito animais sendo: no Experimento I, quatro controles e quatro infectados com cepa atenuada de B. bovis, onde foram observados decréscimo na contagem de hemácias e nas atividades das enzimas catalase (CAT) e superóxido dismutase (SOD) concomitantes com aumento nos níveis das substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). No experimento II, foram usados quatro bovinos controles e quatro infectados com cepa atenuada de B. bigemina, sendo observados decréscimo nas atividades das enzimas acetilcolinesterase (AChE), butirilcolinesterase (BChE) e CAT e aumento nos níveis de TBARS e SOD nos bovinos infectados. E, no Experimento III, quatro bovinos esplenectomizados e quatro intactos, ambos os grupos infectados com A. marginale, não havendo diferença entre os grupos no perfil hematológico e enzimático, apenas observada queda no hematócrito, contagem de hemácias e concentração de hemoglobina e aumento na contagem total de leucócitos devido a um aumento na contagem de linfócitos em ambos os grupos. Foram evidenciadas correlações positiva entre TBARS e a bacteremia e negativa entre NPSH e a bacteremia em ambos os grupos, porém as correlações foram maiores no grupo esplenectomizado. A partir dos resultados pode-se inferir que a infecção por B. bovis causa desequilíbrio oxidativo, da mesma forma que a infecção por B. bigemina induz a uma condição de estresse oxidativo e altera a atividade das colinesterases mesmo em animais assintomáticos e que a bacteremia por A. marginale influencia na peroxidação lipídica em bovinos independente da esplenectomia. Com este estudo, pode-se sugerir que marcadores de estresse oxidativo e de inflamação de baixo grau podem ser utilizados como ferramenta no auxílio do diagnóstico precoce desta enfermidade assim como servir de base para estudos referentes ao uso de antioxidantes na alimentação de bovinos para prevenir a infecção e/ou reduzir a gravidade das lesões causadas por estes parasitas.
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Ocorrência de Theileria equi congênita em potros Puro Sangue Lusitano no Brasil, diagnosticada através da técnica de RT-PCR / Occurrence of congenital Theileria equi in Lusitano foals through RT-PCR detection

Neimar Vanderlei Roncati 12 December 2006 (has links)
Para determinação da ocorrência de transmissão transplacentária da Theileria equi em neonatos eqüinos foram avaliados 50 potros da raça Puro Sangue Lusitano, machos e fêmeas, bem como suas respectivas mães, logo após o parto. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue total, tanto das mães como dos neonatos, entre as primeiras cinco horas pós parto para pesquisa de Theileria equi e Babesia caballi através da técnica de RT-PCR. Utilizou-se o kit de detecção baseado no fluofóro intercalante de DNA SYBERgreen. Um total de 46% das éguas apresentaram resultado positivo para Theileira equi e 54% se mostraram negativas, enquanto que 66% dos potros apresentaram resultados positivos e 34% negativos, sendo que 73,9% dos potros positivos nasceram de mães também positivas. Já para Babesia caballi, 16% das éguas foram positivas e 84% negativas, assim como 2% dos potros foram positivos e 98% negativos. O teste de RT-PCR é bastante sensível e específico, mas pode resultar em falso negativo, apesar de ser eficaz na detecção da Theileria equi e Babesia caballi nos eqüinos. Estes dados permitem concluir que existe a possibilidade de transmissão transplacentária de Theileria equi. / The occurrence of transplacentary transmission of Theileria equi in horses was determined by evaluating 50 young male and female horses of the breed Lusitano Horses as well as their respective mothers. Colts and fillies were evaluated as soon as they were born. Total blood samples were collected from both mother and offspring within the first five hours right after the parturition to analyse Theileria equi and Babesia caballi through the RT-PCR technique. It was used the kit of detection based on DNA SYBERgreen. This study showed us that 46% of the female horses had positive results for Theileira equi and 54% negative results while 66% of the male horses had positive results and 34% of them, negative ones. Moreover, 73.9% of the positive young horses also had their mothers positive. However, for Babesia caballi 16% of the female horses had positive results and 84% negative ones while 2% of the male horses had positive results and 98%, negative ones. The RT-PCR test is very sensitive and specific but it can occur false-negative results although it is efficient in detecting Theileria equi and Babesia caballi in horses. In conclusion, the data show us that there is a possibility of transplacentary transmission of Theileria equi.

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