This work was a kinetic study of the Diels-Alder reaction of isoprene with variously substituted benzalmalononitriles. Application of the Hammett equation, a linear free energy relationship, to the kinetic rate data yielded a value of 1.31 for rho. This was interpreted as meaning the transition state for this Diels-Alder reaction was probably of the concerted type, although the nonconcerted polar transition state could not be eliminated in one case by the data of this study.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

This thesis supported the hypothesis that preoperative verbalization enhances the birth experience in primary emergency cesarean delivered women. A T-test was utilized to compare the two groups' responses on each item of a 29 point questionnaire. The questionnaire measured perception of birth in 28 participants who verbalized their feelings preoperatively and 22 participants who did not verbalize preoperatively. The total mean score for all 29 items indicated a favorable perception for the former group. In addition, six specific items were significantly favorable for the group who verbalized. The T-test revealed questionnaire items of significance in the following subgroups: age, duration and intensity of labor, and parity.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The six major drainage basins of Indiana were sampled for Aeromonas hydrophila. Daring the summer of 1979 a statewide mean of 53 colony forming units (W u) per ml with a range of 0-383 was obtained using membrane filter techniques and Rimler-Shotts differential media. Density values were correlated with the following physico-chemical water quality parameters: temperature, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity. Temperature showed the highest significant correlation when regressed with Gru, accounting for 25% of the variation during the statewide survey. Four sites on the White River, Delaware County, Indiana, were sampled biweekly, in the same manner as the statewide surrey, for cne year to determine seasonal variatic± in A:. hydrophila densities. The mean varied from a low of 2 CFC ml-1 in the winter months , a summer high in July of 205 CFU ml-1. No significant correlations could be found between CFU and water quality parameters during summer months. Antibiotic sensitivities were performed on 112 environmental isolates. All were resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin and all but seven were resistant to cephalothin.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

The effect of delayed freezing on muscle glycogen and lactate was investigated to determine the rate of change following excision of samples from an intact muscle. The plantaris muscle was removed and a portion frozen as quickly as possible to establish a zero time reference point. The remaining portion of the plantaris was exposed to room atmosphere for a specific time interval, either 1.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00, 10.00, 15.00 minutes, after which they were immediately frozen. he glycogen and lactate values for the timed intervals were subtracted from the zero or initial value. In this way the results could be reported as the net increase or decrease per time interval. The muscle glycogen analysis indicated no difference in the timed intervals (P<0.05) 1.00, 2.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00, but at the ten and fifteen minute intervals, significant differences were noted for a net decrease of 9.94 and 10.18 μmoles/g, respectively. In muscle lactate analysis, no significant differences were noted for any of the time intervals. The rate of utilization of glycogen was calculated as 0.523 μmoles/g/min., and lactate formation as 0.214 μmoles/g/min. This study indicates that freezing muscle biopsy specimens may be delayed as long as six minutes after removal from the subject with no significant changes.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Practical applications of computers in archaeological study has been employed by archaeologists for more than fifteen years. However, it is still in its infancy. Having had background in both archaeological and computer science fields, the author is interested in knowing how much work has been done on this topic.There are three approaches for this research: literature review, questionnaire analysis, and the author's own practical applications.The author will first analyze the results of the questionnaire, then he will describe some general computer applications to archaeology other than the data bank, including some real computer applications for the data from two sites of Central Taiwan excavated by the author some five years ago. Third, a variety of data banks will be described. Fourth, problems in computer application in archaeological study will be identified. Fifth, future trends in computer archaeology will be predicated. Finally, he will draw his conclusions.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

No Abstract Available

The research reported in this thesis attempted to determine how much attorneys know about genetic principles underlying legal/genetic issues which arise from advances in biomedical technology. An author-developed questionnaire was sent to 200 East-Central Indiana lawyers, 89 of whom responded. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: 1) a cognitive component, which attempted to determine how much the lawyers knew about genetics, 2) a values component, which provided insight into the values stances of the attorneys with respect to human genetic and reproductive problems, and 3) a section which was designed to determine the lawyers needs for continuing education programs concerned with human genetics and reproduction.The attorneys did not appear to be well informed about genetic advances which create legal/genetic problems. The respondents felt that attorneys have a responsibility to keep abreast of genetic advances so they can accurately advise their clients.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The purpose of this research was to determine if a high cholesterol diet can affect tie rate of cholesterol synthesis or to cholesterol and fatty acid content of plasma membranes of mouse mammary a.denocarcinoma and normal mouse mammary gland tissue.Cholesterol synthesizing ability was determined by measuring the incorporation of 14C acetate into digitonin-precipitable sterols from both tumors and normal mammary tissue from Strong A Strain female mice fed a standard lab chow diet (control diet; or a 2% cholesterol experimental diet. Plasma membranes were isolated from both tenors and normal tissue by differential centrifugation. Cholesterol was measured spectrophotometrically. Fatty acids were extracted, methylated, and methylesters identified and quantified using gas liquid chromatography.The rate of incorporation of 111C acetate into digitonin-precipitated sterols in normal mammary tissue from mice fed the 2% cholesterol experimental diet was 1.5 times less than controls. Tumor tissue showed no significant difference. The fatty acid composition of tumor and normal mammary tissue plasma membranes from mice fed the 2% cholesterol experimental diet was similar to controls.There were higher percentages of C16:0 and C16.1 in normal plasma membranes of controls than mice fed the experimental diet. Cholesterol content of to or and normal mammary tissue plasma membranes from mice fed the experimental diet was similar to controls.It would appear that dietary cholesterol does have an effect on cholesterol synthesis in normal mammary tissue but not in marina y tumor tissue. Also dietary cholesterol does not have an effect on the fatty acid composition nor the cholesterol content in plasma membranes of mammary tumors or normal mammary tissue.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306