Orientador: Jeanne Marie Gagnebin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T16:16:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Damiao_CarlaMilani_D.pdf: 721987 bytes, checksum: 1b53eb3d5a03f5a4ebf062f5f3ddc863 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: O tema dessa tese participa da fronteira entre filosofia e literatura, concentrando-se no debate sobre a questão da subjetividade e da narrativa autobiográfica. Dentro desse tema, investigamos um projeto de Walter Benjamin, cuja intenção seria a de comparar as Confessions de Jean-Jacques Rousseau com o Journal de André Gide. Dessa comparação deveria surgir uma crítica histórica que apontasse para o declínio da sinceridade como a marca de um caráter social. Da investigação desse projeto ampliamos a discussão para a relação entre filosofia e narrativa autobiográfica, ressaltando os seguintes aspectos: a constituição da subjetividade e da identidade narrativa; o problema da verdade ou sinceridade do relato; a questão da memória. As diferentes interpretações, quase sempre conflitantes, colaboram na fundamentação do projeto anunciado por Benjamin e nos conduz a outros exemplos de narrativas autobiográficas na filosofia. O Ecce Homo de Nietzsche e a Berliner Kindheit de Benjamin, associadas à recherche proustiana, são obras que se relacionam entre si quanto à concepção de identidade narrativa como medium, do qual emerge uma compreensão diferente de subjetividade / abstract: The theme of this thesis lies somewhere in the borderland shared by philosophy and literature, and concentrates on the debate over the question of the self and autobiographical writing. Within this theme we have investigated a Walter Benjamin project in which he sought to compare the Confessions of Jean-Jacques Rousseau with the Journal of André Gide. As a result of this comparision, there should emerge a historical critique that would indicate a decline in sincerity as a sign of social character. From the investigation of Benjamin¿s project we broadened the discussion concerning the relationship between philosophy and autobiographical writing, highlighting the following aspects: the constitution of the self and the narrative identity; the matter of truth and sincerity in the narrative; the question of memory. The different, often conflicting, interpretations enable us to anchor the investigation of Benjamin¿s project and lead us to other examples of autobiographical writing in philosophy. Nietzsche¿s Ecce Homo and Benjamin¿s Berliner Kindheit, related to the Proustian Recherche, are linked to each other wherever identity is conceived in the narrative as a medium from which a different understanding of self emerges / Doutorado / Doutor em Filosofia

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-11-12T12:16:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel Melo Ribeiro.pdf: 33449169 bytes, checksum: 19f21561dac4e88dbda04fe8efbd4cfc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-12T12:16:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel Melo Ribeiro.pdf: 33449169 bytes, checksum: 19f21561dac4e88dbda04fe8efbd4cfc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-24 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This research deals with communicative and semiotic properties of maps. We investigate alternative mapping practices that encourage new ways of perceiving space, revealing features that are not treated by traditional maps. Considering this motivation, we raise the following question: Which aspects of space could be communicated on a map when the cartographic conventions are questioned? As a corpus, we selected four trends that challenge the cartographic language: map art, locative media, literary cartography, and deep mapping. The selected mapping examples are analyzed through the semiotics of Charles S. Peirce. After this analysis, the research focuses on a trend known as deep mapping, in order to investigate a methodological discussion about mapping places. We propose a model based on three steps: walking, archaeology, and montage. The development of these steps was inspired by the philosophy of Walter Benjamin. We consider that the critique of Modernity developed by Benjamin is linked to the interpretation of urban material culture, whose narrative potential is latent in archaeological fragments. Mapping these fragments begins with a walking exercise, goes through an archaeological reading, and is arranged in a montage procedure. Therefore, the main objective is to propose a model that stimulates the creation of cartographic representations addressing three general properties of deep mapping: the body experience with space (walking), the historical dimension (archaeology) and the critical reading (montage). Based on the arguments developed by Benjamin, we support the hypothesis that the alternative mapping approach underlines the threshold experiences. These experiences are related to the liminal spaces of transition and hybridism, a form of resistance against the cartographic dispositif / Esta tese trata de propriedades comunicacionais e semióticas dos mapas. Investigamos práticas alternativas de mapeamento que incentivam outras maneiras de perceber o espaço. Diante dessa motivação, colocamos a seguinte pergunta: Quais aspectos do espaço poderiam ser comunicados em um mapa a partir do questionamento do código e das convenções da cartografia? Como corpus, selecionamos quatro tendências que exploram os limites da linguagem cartográfica: a map art, as mídias locativas, a cartografia literária e o mapeamento profundo. Os exemplos de mapeamento selecionados são analisados à luz da semiótica de Charles S. Peirce. Após essa análise, a pesquisa destaca a área conhecida como mapeamento profundo, a fim de promover uma discussão metodológica sobre mapeamentos de lugares. Propomos um modelo de mapeamento baseado em três etapas: a deambulação, a arqueologia e a montagem. O desenvolvimento dessas etapas foi inspirado na filosofia de Walter Benjamin. Consideramos que a crítica à modernidade desenvolvida por Benjamin está ligada à interpretação da cultura material urbana, cujo potencial narrativo se encontra latente em fragmentos e indícios de caráter arqueológico. O mapeamento desses fragmentos inicia-se por um exercício de deambulação (ou flânerie), passa por uma leitura arqueológica e se consolida num processo de montagem. Portanto, o objetivo principal é propor um modelo que estimule a criação de representações cartográficas evidenciando três propriedades do mapeamento profundo: a experiência corporal com o espaço (deambulação), a dimensão histórica (arqueologia) e a leitura crítica (montagem). Por fim, fundamentados nos argumentos desenvolvidos por Benjamin, defendemos a hipótese de que os mapeamentos alternativos resgatam as experiências limiares, ligadas aos ambientes de transição e hibridismo, apresentando-se como formas de resistência ao dispositivo cartográfico

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a criação de um dispositivo grupal diferenciado e arealização de entrevistas nos quais foram utilizadas fotos e construções narrativas suscitadas por elas, como formações intermediárias que ocorrem em um espaço/tempo entre-dois. As conclusões sugerem a coexistência nos sujeitos de uma relação ambígua entre um ideal imaginário de relações estáveis e reasseguradoras, como em sua infância, e o que é vivido hoje por eles, sob o impacto das fortes mudanças ocorridas nas últimas décadas: insegurança e fragmentação dos laços sociais e incerteza com relação ao futuro. Algumas intuições de Walter Benjamin são confirmadas e acentuadas as contribuições de René Kaës no estudo dos processos grupais. Com a contribuição desses autores, enfatiza-se aqui a necessidade de reinventar metodologias articuladas a dispositivos diferenciados ao tratar das questões intersubjetivas, para responder às demandas sociais diante do sofrimento e das situações disruptivas. É sempre entre o risco contínuo da perda de referências e a possibilidade da constituição de novos espaços reasseguradores, que se vai processando a intensa construção da narrativa humana, particularmente na contemporaneidade. / The main objective of this work was the creation of a different group device and the conduction of interviews in which were used photographs and narratives aroused by them as intermediary formations that occur in a time/space between two. The conclusions suggest the coexistence in the subjects of a ambiguous relation between an ideal imaginary of stable and reassured relations, as in their childhood, and what is lived today by them, under the impact of the brutal changes that occurred in the last decades: insecurity and fragmentation in the social bonds and uncertainty in relation to the future. Some Walter Benjamin\'s intuitions are confirmed and René Kaës\' contributions are stressed in the group process studies. With the contribution from these authors, it is emphasized here the necessity of reinvent methodologies and different devices when dealing with intersubjective questions, in order to answer the social demands towards the suffering and the disruptive situations. It is always between the continuous risk of the references loss and the possibility of new reassured spaces constitution, that gets processed the human narrative intense construction, particularly in the contemporaneity.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a criação de um dispositivo grupal diferenciado e arealização de entrevistas nos quais foram utilizadas fotos e construções narrativas suscitadas por elas, como formações intermediárias que ocorrem em um espaço/tempo entre-dois. As conclusões sugerem a coexistência nos sujeitos de uma relação ambígua entre um ideal imaginário de relações estáveis e reasseguradoras, como em sua infância, e o que é vivido hoje por eles, sob o impacto das fortes mudanças ocorridas nas últimas décadas: insegurança e fragmentação dos laços sociais e incerteza com relação ao futuro. Algumas intuições de Walter Benjamin são confirmadas e acentuadas as contribuições de René Kaës no estudo dos processos grupais. Com a contribuição desses autores, enfatiza-se aqui a necessidade de reinventar metodologias articuladas a dispositivos diferenciados ao tratar das questões intersubjetivas, para responder às demandas sociais diante do sofrimento e das situações disruptivas. É sempre entre o risco contínuo da perda de referências e a possibilidade da constituição de novos espaços reasseguradores, que se vai processando a intensa construção da narrativa humana, particularmente na contemporaneidade. / The main objective of this work was the creation of a different group device and the conduction of interviews in which were used photographs and narratives aroused by them as intermediary formations that occur in a time/space between two. The conclusions suggest the coexistence in the subjects of a ambiguous relation between an ideal imaginary of stable and reassured relations, as in their childhood, and what is lived today by them, under the impact of the brutal changes that occurred in the last decades: insecurity and fragmentation in the social bonds and uncertainty in relation to the future. Some Walter Benjamin\'s intuitions are confirmed and René Kaës\' contributions are stressed in the group process studies. With the contribution from these authors, it is emphasized here the necessity of reinvent methodologies and different devices when dealing with intersubjective questions, in order to answer the social demands towards the suffering and the disruptive situations. It is always between the continuous risk of the references loss and the possibility of new reassured spaces constitution, that gets processed the human narrative intense construction, particularly in the contemporaneity.

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Filosofía mención Axiología y Filosofía Política / El presente ensayo tiene por temática central analizar la vinculación que puede establecerse entre el pensamiento de Michel Foucault y Walter Benjamin. Así, las líneas que siguen ofrecen un recorrido por la obra de ambos autores haciendo inflexión en dos temáticas particulares. La primera de éstas es la forma en que Benjamin y Foucault analizan la inmanencia de la relación que existe entre derecho y violencia. La segunda temática que se aborda dice relación con la forma en que ambos autores perciben al derecho como un dispositivo ─o serie de dispositivos─ que tiene por función actuar como un elemento ortopédico o correccional de la conducta humana. Para ello entonces se ha puesto particular atención, en el caso de Walter Benjamin, en sus textos titulados “Para una crítica de la violencia” y “Destino y carácter”, “El carácter destructivo” y “Sobre el lenguaje en general y el lenguaje de los hombres”; y en el caso de Michel Foucault, la atención está puesta en “La verdad y las formas jurídicas”, “Vigilar y castigar”, “Defender la sociedad”, “Seguridad, territorio, población” y “Los anormales”.

This thesis examines the emergence of Walter Benjamin's materialism, within his early thought, from within the context of post-Kantian philosophy. The original contribution made by this thesis is that it differentiates Benjamin's materialism from both Romanticism and neo-Kantianism, on the one side, and empiricism, on the other. In contrast to those who identify Benjamin as a practitioner of a Romantic form of immanence, a neo-Kantian or a mystical empiricist, I place Benjamin's materialism within the context of the conflict between an empiricist form of materialism and post-Kantian idealism. This thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, I examine the history of materialism and its critical reception in the Kantian idealist tradition. The second chapter examines of the development of Karl Marx's materialism. I show that Marx's conception of reality fundamentally challenges traditional conceptions of idealism and materialism. In the third chapter, I show that Benjamin's critique of neo-Kantianism necessarily points towards a concept of knowledge that can encompass the particularity of experience qua sense experience within itself, something that is closed off in the neo-Kantian attempt to secure the objective validity of knowledge. The final chapter focuses on Benjamin's attempt to locate an expanded concept of experience. I look at several instances of how this concept manifests itself in the poem, life and language. I develop a materialist account of the idea that runs counter to the neo-Kantian one. Finally, I conclude by showing the limits of the Romantic concept of immanence for Benjamin. Throughout this thesis, I examine how Benjamin breaks out of both the neo- Kantian and Romantic strands of post-Kantian idealism. I also pay close attention to Benjamin's critique of empiricism. This thesis demonstrates that Benjamin's materialism emerges out of a serious engagement with that tradition, yet it remains irreducible to a form of neo-Kantianism, Romanticism, or empiricism.

Le présent mémoire propose d'analyser la thématique de l'ennui dans l'œuvre de Walter Benjamin. Les bouleversements et le choc (Simmel), liés au double processus d'industrialisation et d'urbanisation du XIXe siècle, provoquèrent nombre de malaises qui trouvèrent un fort écho dans les champs littéraire et philosophique. Dans un premier temps, l'objectif poursuivi par notre mémoire est de capter cet écho et de le systématiser pour la pensée sociologique. Il s'agit de démontrer que l'expérience de l'ennui se doit d'être saisie comme symptôme d'une conception du monde (Weltanschauung) particulière, c'est-à-dire d'une structure mentale collective, qui prend comme trame de fond la modernité. Le second objectif établi vise à appréhender l'ennui comme une humeur, c'est-à-dire non-pas comme un mal strictement subjectif ou objectif, mais bien comme un hybride qui demeure toujours dépendant de son contexte social, spatial et temporel. Cet effort de contextualisation de l'ennui, nous avons décidé de l'expliciter et de l'illustrer en nous servant de l'œuvre du philosophe et critique littéraire allemand Walter Benjamin (1892-1940). L'éclectisme et la multidisciplinarité de la pensée benjaminienne, située au carrefour de la littérature, de la philosophie de l'histoire, des études urbaines et de l'architecture, nous offre un terrain idéal pour débusquer l'ennui dans sa plénitude. Pour ce faire, il s'agira de procéder dans un premier temps à une « archéologie » conceptuelle de l'ennui comme une humeur caractéristique de la modernité, porteuse d'un sens - ou de l'absence de sens - qui différerait de toutes les autres afflictions « existentielles » l'ayant précédée. Par la suite, la thématique de l'ennui sera abordée dans son « horizon » dit temporel. Par l'entremise des écrits de Benjamin (entre autres ses écrits sur le drame baroque allemand, sur Baudelaire et sur le Paris du Second Empire), il sera possible de fournir une appréhension spécifiquement moderne du temps historique à laquelle nous pouvons lier l'ennui. Les troisième et quatrième chapitres seront, quant à eux, consacrés respectivement à un horizon spatial, mettant en scène ces lieux typiquement modernes susceptibles de laisser l'ennui se développer, et à un horizon dialectique, visant à donner un corps et une personnalité à l'ennui. Tant le Paris du Second Empire et son architecture « de fer et de verre » que la figure du flâneur seront alors portés à l'examen. Le regard de l'ennuyé, de celui qui fait l'expérience du choc de la modernité, suggérons-nous, serait en mesure d'offrir un regard ambivalent sur le temps historique ainsi que sur l'appréhension de la réalité urbaine en proie à la fragmentation. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : ennui, expérience, flânerie, histoire, image dialectique, mélancolie, modernité, oisiveté, répétition, ville, Walter Benjamin.

Walter Benjamin (1892-1940), a twentieth-century Jewish-German intellectual, has recently achieved iconic status; however, during his lifetime, many scholars considered him to be a failure. This substantial shift in scholarly attitude invites questions concerning how intellectual figures are understood and constructed within academia. Cultural studies has renewed and enlarged the sphere of interest in Benjamin's work while, at the same time, canonizing and thus freezing it. This dissertation addresses the non-canonical side of the production of Walter Benjamin and, in so doing, shows what traditional scholarship has overlooked — the effect of the so-called "private" sphere on so-called "public" intellectuals. The dominant model for traditional scholarly studies remains both abstract and linear: it consists of tracing the influence of one (usually male) scholar upon another. This dissertation disrupts the tacit assumptions behind such an approach to knowledge by showing how intellectuals are produced both by and at the intersections o f the public and the private. The general scholarly acceptance of this false dichotomy, commonly referred to as the public/private split, has resulted in viewing scholars as though they exist in an abstract realm of ideas rather than in a concrete realm of lived reality. I draw on and add to the insights of feminist and cultural studies scholars who have attempted to show how people's interested contradictory locations, defined, as they are, by class, religion, ethnicity, gender, and so on, intersect with and affect their publicly constructed identities. To this end, my study provides a concrete example of how one particular intellectual, Walter Benjamin, has been (and continues to be) produced within specific historical, social, and cultural contexts.

This thesis begins by situating the work of Walter Benjamin in its historical complexity and examining the conceptual underpinnings of his phantasmagoria. Benjamin's Arcades Project is considered in light of his attempts to resituate primary structuring dichotomies in a fluid and dynamic configuration. These dichotomies include the political and the apolitical, the material and the immaterial, and the past and the present. The phantasmagoria-as-metaphor is then employed as a methodological framework for analyzing the ever-circulating images of John F. Kennedy. / This thesis is primarily concerned with the conceptual tools necessary to argue that an image is more "real" than its real-life counterpart, that is, real enough to carry resonances that extend beyond both its diminutive "artifice", and its original context. The relations between the immaterial image and its material referent are discussed as complementary and shifting, rather than oppositional and static. This thesis explores the possible and the actual convergence of the image and its material counterparts.

Le present essai propose en premier lieu une analyse de la theorie linguistique de Walter Benjamin telle qu'enoncee dans son essai de 1916, Uber Sprache uberhaupt und uber die Sprache des Menschen. Dans un meme temps, il propose aussi une analyse de la theorie linguistique de la Kabbale telle qu'elaboree par Gershom Scholem tout au long de sa vie, dans un nombre non negligeable de publications, theorie dont il chercha a faire la synthese dans son essai de 1970, Der Name Gottes und die Sprachtheorie der Kabbala. / Cet essai se propose ensuite de demontrer comment Scholem et Benjamin ont trouve dans l'oeuvre de Franz Kafka l'expression litteraire de leurs theories linguistiques. / En conclusion, cet essai se propose de demontrer comment Scholem et Benjamin, a partir de leurs theories linguistiques respectives, et malgre la proximite indeniable de celles-ci, en sont venus a interpreter Kafka d'une facon diametralement opposee. Scholem, en effet, voyait dans cette oeuvre l'expression d'une des theories les plus nihilistes de la Kabbale: Die Unvollziehbarkeit der Offenbarung, une negation de la Revelation divine; Benjamin voyait pour sa part chez Kafka l'expression d'une tres mince possibilite de redemption.