Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2010. / Department of Biology. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1964.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1964.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death. It is also one of the major factors resulting sudden deaths in exercises. Blood pressure (BP) is one of the vital diagnostic parameters to reflect the functionality of cardiovascular system and evaluate the conditions of CVD. However, current BP measuring devices usually require the occlusion of cuff that causes inconvenience to users during measurement. They are neither suitable nor practical for long-term monitoring. Pulse transit time (PTT), the duration for a pressure pulse wave to travel from one arterial site to another, has been proposed as a potential parameter for cuffless BP measurement in recent decades. Because of its cuffless and non-invasive measuring features, the aim of the present study is to develop a novel PTT-based BP estimation for cuffless and non-invasive monitoring of BP under resting and exercise conditions. / The accuracy of proposed method for continuous BP monitoring has been evaluated on seventeen subjects during cycling. Brachial BP was measured by FinapresRTM (Fin. BP) and a trained nurse (Nur. BP). In approximate 22000 beats, the differences between predictions and Fin. BP were 1.3+/-13.0 mmHg for SBP and -1.5+/-6.1 mmHg for DBP respectively. The intermittent BP measurements using the proposed method were compared to the readings from FinapresRTM and nurse separately. The differences between proposed method and Nur. BP were 0.9+/-9.9 mmHg for SBP and -1.2+/-5.2 mmHg for DBP respectively. The differences between proposed method and Fin. BP were -0.1+/-12.6 mmHg for SBP and -1.4+/-5.9 mmHg for DBP respectively. The predictions using the proposed method were more consistent with the nurse readings. Furthermore, thorax impedance signal was proposed for cuffless BP estimation and it was examined on twenty-two subjects. The results illustrated that proposed parameters, measured from Q wave of electrocardiogram to the peaks of thorax impedance signal and its derivative, were highly correlated with BP. They were potential parameters to provide non-invasive and cuffless BP estimation. / To conclude, the accuracy of proposed method was comparable to the cuff-based approaches under resting and exercise conditions. This work is potential to solve the problems due to prevalence of CVD and rising aging population. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / Wong, Yee Man. / Adviser: Y. T. Zhang. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: B, page: 3650. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

by Cathy Yui Hung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-152). / Abstract --- p.i / List of A bbreviations --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.vii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1. --- Definitions & Morbid implication of PIH / Chapter 1.1. --- Definition of PIH --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Classification --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3. --- Background --- p.3 / Chapter 2. --- Aetiology PIH --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1. --- Anatomy of placenta --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2. --- Physiology of placenta --- p.4 / Chapter 2.3. --- The placenta as the cause of PIH --- p.6 / Chapter 2.4. --- Pathology of the placental bed --- p.7 / Chapter 3. --- Epidemiology of PIH --- p.9 / Chapter 3.1. --- Maternal risk factors --- p.9 / Chapter 3.2. --- Fetal risk factors --- p.10 / Chapter 3.3. --- Genetics of PIH --- p.10 / Chapter 3.4. --- Maternal outcome --- p.12 / Chapter 3.5. --- Fetal outcome --- p.13 / Chapter 4. --- Pathophysiologic changes in PIH --- p.14 / Chapter 4.1. --- Important Pathophysiologic changes in PIH --- p.14 / Chapter 4.1.1. --- Hyperdynamic circulation --- p.14 / Chapter 4.1.2. --- Changes in Intravascular volume --- p.15 / Chapter 4.1.3. --- Loss of resistance to Angiotensin II and catecholamines --- p.16 / Chapter 4.1.4. --- Coagulation abnormalities --- p.16 / Chapter 4.1.5. --- Platelets --- p.17 / Chapter 4.2. --- Multisystem disorder in PIH --- p.18 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- The kidney --- p.18 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- The liver --- p.19 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- The brain and nervous system --- p.19 / Chapter 4.2.4. --- Cardiovascular and renin-angiotensin systems --- p.20 / Chapter 4.2.5. --- Placenta --- p.21 / Chapter 5. --- Prediction of PIH --- p.22 / Chapter 5.1. --- Standard methods of antental care --- p.22 / Chapter 5.1.1. --- Blood pressure increase in antenatal period --- p.22 / Chapter 5.1.2. --- Second Trimester Mean Arterial Pressure --- p.23 / Chapter 5.1.3. --- Proteinuria --- p.25 / Chapter 5.1.4. --- Excessive weight gain and edema --- p.26 / Chapter 5.1.5. --- Platelet count --- p.27 / Chapter 5.2. --- Vasoconstriction tests --- p.27 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- The Isometric Handgrip Exercise Test --- p.27 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Roll-Over Test --- p.28 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Infusion of Angiotensin II --- p.31 / Chapter 5.3. --- Biochemical tests --- p.33 / Chapter 5.3.1. --- Urinary Calcium excretion --- p.33 / Chapter 5.3.2. --- Prostacyclin & throboxane A2 --- p.33 / Chapter 5.3.3. --- Platelet Angiotensin II receptors --- p.34 / Chapter 5.4. --- Ultrasougographic evaluation --- p.36 / Chapter 5.4.1. --- Doppler waveforms of uteroplacental circulation --- p.36 / Chapter 6. --- Prevention & treatment of PIH --- p.38 / Chapter 6.1. --- Antihypertensive drugs --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2. --- Antithrombotic agents --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2.1. --- Low-dose aspirin --- p.40 / Chapter 6.3. --- Calcium supplementation --- p.44 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- General Methodology / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.48 / Chapter 1.2. --- Materials --- p.48 / Chapter 2. --- Studies --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1. --- Validation of Cor-7000 Sphygmomanometer --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Patients --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.2. --- Methods --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.3. --- Statistics --- p.52 / Chapter 2.1.4. --- Results --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2. --- Platelet ANG II receptor status and systemic vascular resistance --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Control subjects --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Patient subjects --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Platelet preparation and platelet angiotensin II binding site assay --- p.60 / Chapter 2.2.3.1. --- Statistical analysis --- p.62 / Chapter 2.2.3.2. --- Results --- p.63 / Chapter 2.2.4. --- Using impedance techniques to measurement of systemic vascular resistance --- p.74 / Chapter 2.2.4.1. --- Measurement of Cardiac Output by impedance cardiography --- p.74 / Chapter 2.2.4.2. --- Validity of transthoracic electrical bioimpedance technique --- p.81 / Chapter 2.2.4.3. --- Measurement of mean arterial pressure --- p.87 / Chapter 2.2.4.3.1. --- Experimental technique --- p.87 / Chapter 2.2.4.3.2. --- Statistical analysis --- p.92 / Chapter 2.2.4.4. --- Results --- p.92 / Chapter 2.2.4.5. --- Data analysis --- p.93 / Chapter 2.2.4.6. --- Relationship between platelet ANG II binding and haemodynamic indices --- p.110 / Chapter 2.2.4.7. --- pregnancy outcome --- p.115 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- RESULTS / Chapter 1. --- Study 1 Validation of Cor 7000 sphygmomanometer --- p.116 / Chapter 2. --- Study 2 Platelet ANG II receptor status and systemic vascular resistance --- p.118 / Chapter 2.1. --- Platelet Angiotensin II binding Assay --- p.118 / Chapter 2.2. --- Limitation of the TEB technique --- p.121 / Chapter 2.3. --- Changes in blood pressure and other cardiovascular indices --- p.122 / Chapter 2.4. --- Relationship between Platelet ANG II binding and Haemodynamic indices --- p.124 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- CONCLUSION / Chapter 4.1. --- Conclusion --- p.126 / References --- p.129 / Acknowledgments

Liu, Yinbo. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-79). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / List of Figures --- p.iv / List of Tables --- p.viii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Current status of Blood Pressure Management --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Current Status of Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurement Techniques --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Motivations and Objectives of This Thesis --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Organization of This Thesis --- p.9 / Backgrounds --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1 --- Principle of the Pulse Transit Time-based Approach for BP Measurement --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- General Descriptions --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Pressure Wave Propagation in Cylindrical Arteries --- p.13 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Determining the PTT for BP Measurement --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2 --- Backgrounds for Pressure Related Elastic Properties of Artery --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Transmural Pressure and Its Components --- p.17 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Volume-pressure Models --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Types and Structure of the Artery and Its Properties --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3 --- Literature Review on the Calibration Methods for Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurements --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4 --- Section Summary --- p.25 / Investigations on Factors Affecting PTT or BP --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Effects of External Pressure --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Background --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Experimental protocol --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Analysis for the Effects of External Pressure on PTT --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Section Discussions --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2 --- The Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Experimental protocol --- p.33 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Analysis for the Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on PTT --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Section Discussions --- p.37 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Section Summary --- p.38 / Modeling the Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure on PTT for A Calibration Method --- p.39 / Chapter 4.1 --- Current Status of Hydrostatic Calibration Approaches --- p.39 / Chapter 4.2. --- Modeling Pulse Transit Time under the Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure for A Hydrostatic Calibration Method: --- p.40 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Basic BP-PTT model --- p.40 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- V-P relationship Represented by a Sigmoid Curve --- p.40 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Relating PTT with Hydrostatic Pressure --- p.41 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Implementing the Hydrostatic Calibration Method for BP Estimation --- p.43 / Chapter 4.3. --- Preliminary Experiment --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Experimental Protocol and Methodology --- p.44 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Experimental Analysis --- p.46 / Chapter 4.4. --- Section Discussions --- p.48 / Chapter 4.5. --- A Novel Implementation Algorithm of Hydrostatic Calibration Method for Cuffless BP Estimation --- p.49 / Chapter 4.6. --- Section Summary --- p.50 / Experimental Studies for the Hydrostatic Calibration Approach --- p.51 / Chapter 5.1 --- Experimental Analysis --- p.51 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Experimental Protocol --- p.51 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Methodology --- p.53 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- Preparations --- p.54 / Chapter 5.1.4 --- Experimental Results --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2 --- Section Discussions --- p.63 / Chapter 5.3 --- Section Summary --- p.70 / Conclusions and Suggestions for Future Works --- p.71 / Chapter 6.1 --- Conclusions --- p.71 / Chapter 6.2 --- Suggestions for Future Works --- p.72 / Reference --- p.71

Thesis--(M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1983. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 50).

Thesis--(M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1983. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 50).

This study was designed to determine which method of measuring the systolic blood pressure is more accurate when determining the ankle/brachial index (ABI), which is an important tool in assessing graft patency for patients who have had peripheral vascular surgery. The accuracy of the stethoscope diaphragm was compared with the stethoscope bell and Doppler methods used to measure the brachial systolic pressure. These pressures were then used in the calculation of the ABI and then the ABI was compared by method and time since surgery. The theoretical framework for this study was drawn from theories on sound generation, transmission and measurement. This study used a two-repeated measures design in which the subjects served as their own control. The results were then analyzed using an ANOVA specific to a two-repeated measures design. The sample consisted of 31 subjects which comprised 80% of all peripheral vascular surgery patients admitted over a two month period to a large tertiary care hospital in Western Canada. The subjects ranged in age from 47 to 82 years, the majority had at least one other medical condition in addition to peripheral vascular disease, were on a variety of medications, and 35% had had previous vascular surgery. The subjects had their brachial systolic blood pressure measured by the three methods on the third, fourth and fifth postoperative day. At the same time they also had their dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pressures measured by the Doppler method. There was no significant difference in the brachial systolic blood pressure related to the methods used to take the blood pressure, the postoperative day that the blood pressure was measured, nor was there any interaction between method and occasion. Also, there was no significant difference in either the dorsalis pedis or posterior tibial ankle/brachial indices related to method used to measure the brachial systolic blood pressure, the postoperative day the measurement was taken, nor any interaction between method and occasion. The findings suggest that peripheral vascular surgery patients often have systolic pressures that differ between the right and left arm which would make a major difference in the calculation of the ABI. Therefore, the pressures should be measured in both arms, followed by documentation and consistent use of the arm with the highest pressure when determining the ABI. The findings also suggest that inservice education and periodic skill checking be implemented when the nurse is required to employ the Doppler method owing to the number of variables to consider when operating this instrument. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate