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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-02-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:08:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_la_me_jabo.pdf: 356312 bytes, checksum: 1f99971b769ad33171806e2fce259a1e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os percevejos são importantes pragas da soja, e o conhecimento de sua bioecologia e distribuição na cultura, é indispensável para realizar amostragens e determinar o nível de controle. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a distribuição espacial de Euschistus heros na cultura da soja em cultivar de soja convencional e transgênica e elaborar um plano de amostragem sequencial. O experimento foi conduzido no ano agrícola 2010/2011, na FCAV/Jaboticabal/SP/Brasil, em dois campos de 10.000 m2, subdivididos em 100 parcelas de 10 m x 10 m. As cultivares semeadas foram M 7908 RR e M-SOY 8001. As amostragens foram semanais, sendo anotado o número de ninfas do 1o ao 5º ínstar e o número de adultos. Para estudo da dispersão dos insetos na área, foram utilizados os índices: razão variância/média, índice de Morisita, Coeficiente de Green e expoente k da distribuição Binomial Negativa. Para estudo dos modelos probabilísticos que descrevem a distribuição espacial dos insetos, foram testados os ajustes às distribuições de Poisson e Binomial Negativa. As ninfas de 1º ao 3º ínstar apresentaram distribuição espacial agregada, ninfas de 4º e 5º ínstar, adultos e ninfas de 4º e 5º ínstar mais adultos, apresentaram variação na disposição, de moderadamente agregada à aleatória. No teste de ajuste às distribuições de probabilidade, o modelo de distribuição Binomial Negativa obteve ajuste para ninfas de 1º ao 3º ínstar, ninfas de 4º e 5º ínstar, adultos e ninfas de 4º e 5º ínstar mais adultos. Foi elaborado um Plano de Amostragem sequencial para percevejos de 4º e 5º ínstar ninfal e adultos, e o número máximo de unidades amostrais para se tomar a decisão foi nove / The stink bugs are important pests of soybean, and the knowledge of their bioecology and distribution in the culture is essential to carry out sampling and determine the control level. Thus, this work aimed to study the spatial distribution of Euschistus heros on transgenic and conventional soybean cultivars, and develop a sequential sampling plan. The experiment was conducted during 2010/2011 agricultural season, in FCAV/Jaboticabal/SP/Brazil, in two 10,000 m2 fields, divided in 100 equal 10 m x 10 m plots. The cultivars seeded were M 7908 RR and M-SOY 8001. Samplings were realized weekly, and the number of first to fifth instar nymphs and the adults were recorded. The follow indexes were used to evaluate the insects dispersion in the area: variance/ mean relationship, Morisita’s index, Green's coefficient and exponent k of Negative Binomial distribution. For the probabilistic models studies that describe the spatial distribution of insects, were tested the adjustments of Poisson distributions and Negative Binomial. The first to third instar nymphs showed aggregated spatial distribution; fourth and fifth instar nymphs, adults and fourth and fifth instar nymphs plus adults showed variation from moderately aggregated to random in disposition. On the adjustment to probability distributions test, the Negative Binomial distribution model fitted for first to third instar nymphs, fourth and fifth instar nymphs, adults and fourth and fifth instar nymphs plus adults. A sequential sampling plan was builted for fourth and fifth instar nymphs plus adults. The maximum number of sample units to make the decision was nine

The following notes were taken during the early spring, fall and winter of 1913, and the spring of 1914. This parasite, a description of which, both male and female, was published in the Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., vol. VI, No. I, pp. 125-126, is a true internal parasite, the larval forms living within the body tissues of its host, the female San Jose scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst., except during the last part of the second larval stage as at this time the entire contents of the host are consumed by the larva, which, after passing its waste, pupates in the empty skin of the scale. Both male and female parasites emerge from the empty skins of second-stage and early third-stage female scales, but by far the largest number emerge from second-stage scales. The following description of the life cycle of the parasite, which has been worked out, is that of a parasite maturing in and emerging from a second stage scale. No doubt the development of those which emerge from third stage scales is the same.

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The genera of Tingidae of the neotropics are herein diagnosed and a key for their identification is also provided. Five new genera are described from Central America, two from Panama, two from Costa Rica, and one new genus is described from Mexico. This brings the total of neotropical genera to 74. One new species, Mexibyrsa woolleyi is described from Mexico. The Tingidae of southern Central America (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama) are reviewed in detail. There are now 153 described species spread among 43 genera. Thirty-two new species from southern Central America are described. Identification keys are provided for all species found in the study region. / NDSU Entomology Scholarship Committee / Oswald, John D. (TAMU)

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Freud's theory of jokes explains how they overcome the mental "censors" that make it hard for us to think "forbidden" thoughts. But his theory did not work so well for humorous nonsense as for other comical subjects. In this essay I argue that the different forms of humor can be seen as much more similar, once we recognize the importance of knowledge about knowledge and, particularly, aspects of thinking concerned with recognizing and suppressing bugs ??neffective or destructive thought processes. When seen in this light, much humor that at first seems pointless, or mysterious, becomes more understandable.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2004. / Includes bibliography.