Thesis (M.A.)--Eastern Illinois University, 1973. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 34-35).

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1969. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 507-526). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.

In 1963 – 1965, a large-scale health screening survey was undertaken in Sweden and this data set was linked to data from the national cause of death register. The data set involved more than 60,000 participants whose age at death less than 80 years. During the follow-up period until 2007, a total of 437 (338 males and 99 females) participants died from aortic aneurysm. The survival analysis, continuation ratio model, and logistic regression were applied in order to identify significant risk factors. The Cox regression after stratification for AGE revealed that SEX, Blood Diastolic Pressure (BDP), and Beta-lipoprotein (BLP) were the most significant risk factors, followed by Cholesterol (KOL), Sialic Acid (SIA), height, Glutamic Oxalactic Transaminase, Urinary glucose (URIN_SOC), and Blood Systolic Pressure (BSP). Moreover, SEX and BDP were found as risk factors in almost every age group. Furthermore, BDP was strongly significant in both male and female subgroup.   The data set was divided into two sets: 70 percent for the training set and 30 percent for the test set in order to find the best technique for predicting aortic aneurysm. Five techniques were implemented: the Cox regression, the continuation ratio model, the logistic regression, the back-propagated artificial neural network, and the decision tree. The performance of each technique was evaluated by using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. In our study, the continuation ratio and the logistic regression outperformed among the other techniques.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1983. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-72).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:49:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo1531_1.pdf: 8690443 bytes, checksum: a4fd46296095297945ecfe4e61d99db6 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Uma série de novas 5-indol-tiazolidinadionas bioativas foi sintetizada visando a obtenção de um novo protótipo antiinflamatório com ação simbiótica direcionada a dois diferentes alvos relevantes no processo inflamatório: as enzimas cicloxigenases (COXs) e o receptor gama ativado pelo proliferador de peroxissomo (PPAR-γ). A presença de um grupamento indol na posição 5 do anel tiazolidínico central representa uma das particularidades desses compostos, os quais são de um lado relacionados estruturalmente à indometacina, um anti-inflamatório não-esteroidal (AINE), e de outro, ao anti-diabético rosiglitazona, um agonista PPAR-γ. Este estudo conduziu à identificação de moléculas que apresentaram atividade antiinflamatória em modelo in vivo de inflamação, bem como a capacidade de inibir as isoformas COX-1 e COX-2 em ensaio de inibição enzimática in vitro. Dentre as moléculas estudadas, a 5(Z,E)-3-[2-(4-clorofenil)-2-oxoetil]-5-(1H-indol-3-ilmetileno)-1,3- tiazolidin-2,4-diona (PG-15) mostrou excelente atividade antiinflamatória, avaliada através da inibição de migração lucocitária nos modelos de inflamação do air pouch, com uma DE50 de 7,5 mg/Kg (p.o.), e de peritonite, apresentando 30,7% de inibição após administração oral na dose de 3mg/Kg. O composto PG-15, pelos promissores resultados apresentados, foi conduzido a um estudo farmacocinético, onde foram avaliadas as suas concentrações no plasma de rato durante 16 horas, após as administrações intravenosa de 3m/Kg, e oral de 3 e 6 mg/kg. Os resultados mostraram que o PG-15 é rapidamente absorvido após administração oral atingindo o pico de concentração plasmática entre 30 e 60 minutos e uma meia-vida de 5,9 ± 3,8 horas, após administração intravenosa. A quantidade de PG-15 também foi quantificada no sítio da inflamação, através do doseamento do mesmo no exsudato inflamatório do bolsão e da peritonite após a administração oral de 3mg/Kg, onde foram detectadas 83,85 ± 43,46 e 30,51 ± 7,7 ng/mL (média ± erro padrão), respectivamente

no / There are two schools of thought regarding the cyclooxygenase (COX) isoform active in the vasculature. Using urinary prostacyclin markers some groups have proposed that vascular COX-2 drives prostacyclin release. In contrast, we and others have found that COX-1, not COX-2, is responsible for vascular prostacyclin production. Our experiments have relied on immunoassays to detect the prostacyclin breakdown product, 6-keto-PGF1α and antibodies to detect COX-2 protein. Whilst these are standard approaches, used by many laboratories, antibody-based techniques are inherently indirect and have been criticized as limiting the conclusions that can be drawn. To address this question, we measured production of prostanoids, including 6-keto-PGF1α, by isolated vessels and in the circulation in vivo using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and found values essentially identical to those obtained by immunoassay. In addition, we determined expression from the Cox2 gene using a knockin reporter mouse in which luciferase activity reflects Cox2 gene expression. Using this we confirm the aorta to be essentially devoid of Cox2 driven expression. In contrast, thymus, renal medulla, and regions of the brain and gut expressed substantial levels of luciferase activity, which correlated well with COX-2-dependent prostanoid production. These data are consistent with the conclusion that COX-1 drives vascular prostacyclin release and puts the sparse expression of Cox2 in the vasculature in the context of the rest of the body. In doing so, we have identified the thymus, gut, brain and other tissues as target organs for consideration in developing a new understanding of how COX-2 protects the cardiovascular system.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are endogenous steroid hormones that regulate a number of critical physiological processes. Psychological stress increases the level of GCs in the circulating system. The biological effect of elevated GCs on the heart is not well understood. We found that GCs induced Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2 gene expression in cardiomyocytes. COX-1 or COX-2 encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostanoids, which modulate crucial physiological and pathophysiological responses. The present studies aim to elucidate the signaling transduction pathway and the mechanism underlying GC induced COX expression.Our data demonstrate that GCs activate COX-1 gene expression through transcriptional regulation. COX-1 gene promoter studies support a role of Sp binding site in CT induced COX-1 gene expression. The nuclear protein binding to this site appears to be Sp3 transcription factor. Co-immunoprecipitation assays indicated a physical interaction between GR and Sp3 protein. Silencing of Sp3 transcription factor with small interfering RNA suppressed CT-induced COX-1 promoter activation. These data suggest that the activated GR interacts with Sp3 transcription factor that binds to COX-1 promoter to up-regulate COX-1 gene expression in cardiomyocytes.We also found that administration of GC in adult mice increased the level of COX-2 in the ventricles. With isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes, corticosterone (CT) induces the transcription of COX-2 gene. This response appears to be cardiomyocyte cell type specific and GC receptor (GR)-dependent. CT causes activation of p38 MAPK and subsequently CREB phosphorylation that mediates COX-2 gene expression. Mifepristone, a GR antagonist, failed to inhibit p38 and CREB activation and p38 inhibition failed to prevent activation of GR. These data suggest that two parallel signaling pathways, GR and p38 MAPK, act in concert to regulate the expression of COX-2 gene in cardiomyocytes.In addition to the investigation of mechanism and signaling transduction pathway, I have explored pharmacological agents that modulate COX expression. LY294002, a commonly used PI3K inhibitor, inhibited COX-2 gene expression via a PI3K-independent mechanism. Whereas GSK-3 inhibitors, such as lithium chloride, upregulated COX-2 gene expression, but suppressed GC-induced COX-1 expression. These data have paved the foundation for pharmacological manipulation of COX-1 and COX-2 gene expression in the heart.

Les modèles stochastiques classiques comportent des copules d'interactions linéaires, exprimant en général des interactions de paire. Il sera envisagé d'étendre ces modèles à des interactions non linéaires de type saturation ou de type triplet, en vue de traiter des applications réalistes, comme les diffusions épidémiques.Le but de cette thèse est d'introduire les fonctions copules en épidémiologie, et surtout d'appliquer ces fonctions sur le système de transmission de la Malaria afin de constater la dépendance entre les différents compartiments du système. Nous étudierons quelques modèles compartimentaux, qui sont une généralisation du modèle de Ross-Macdonald, en supposant que la population n'est pas constante et en prenant en compte des paramètres de transmission comme la fécondité, la mortalité et autres. Aussi, nous introduirons les classes d'âges dans certains de ces modèles compartimentaux, afin de trouver une relation entre les individus de ces classes d'âges à l'aide du modèle de Cox et des fonctions copules. Nous donnerons ensuite, deux exemples sur ces modèles : la Malaria au Mali et la peste en Europe au moyen-âge. Nous introduirons aussi les quantiles conditionnels et les fonctions copules archimédiennes, ce qui nous mènera à trouver une dépendance entre les différents compartiments des hôtes et des vecteurs. / The stochastic classical models include linear interactions copulas, expressing in general pair interactions. It is planned to extend these models to nonlinear interactions of saturation type or triplet type, to treat realistic applications, as the epidemics diffusions.The aim of this thesis is to apply the copulas functions in epidemiology, and especially to apply these functions in the transmission system of malaria to detect the dependence existing between compartments of the epidemic system. We will study some compartmental models, which are a generalization of the Ross-Macdonald model, assuming that the population is not constant and taking into account the transmission parameters such as fertility, mortality, etc. Also, we will introduce the age classes in some of these compartmental models, and study the relationships between individuals of these age classes, using the Cox model and the copulas functions. Then, we will give two examples of these models: the Malaria in Mali and the plague in Europe during the Middle Ages. We will introduce also the conditional quantiles and the Archimedean copulas functions, that will lead us to find dependencies between the different compartments of hosts and vectors.

No description available.