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Submitted by Anaclaudia Mattos Villalba (anaclaudiamattosvillalba@gmail.com) on 2016-05-08T00:14:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Régis Garcia.pdf: 1076338 bytes, checksum: 3eccb8f0baf2af9b95c17eb8b5871a39 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gilmar Barros (gilmargomesdebarros@gmail.com) on 2016-05-11T14:56:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Régis Garcia.pdf: 1076338 bytes, checksum: 3eccb8f0baf2af9b95c17eb8b5871a39 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-11T14:56:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Régis Garcia.pdf: 1076338 bytes, checksum: 3eccb8f0baf2af9b95c17eb8b5871a39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Na década de 1970, o mundo passava por mudanças bastante significativas em termos culturais, especialmente devido à da ascensão da contracultura e de outros movimentos sociais que emergiam no complexo cenário pós-guerra da América do Norte. O sujeito norte-americano experimentava a possibilidade de engajar-se politicamente para oferecer um direcionamento diferente ao seu universo. Da mesma maneira, o indivíduo poderia optar pelo escapismo e pela construção de uma narrativa que o distanciasse dos problemas e os projetasse em Outro. Assim, a partir da observação da relação do sujeito eurocêntrico com a natureza selvagem e com o espaço do Outro, representados no romance Gone Indian (1973), de Robert Kroetsch, serão analisadas características que possam evidenciar a maneira pela qual o subtexto do silêncio e sua construção na narrativa subvertem as narrativas tradicionais e oferecem a possibilidade de uma leitura plural da história oficial a partir de fragmentos de estórias. Com base nas teorias propostas pelos Estudos Culturais e em teóricos como Gayatri Spivak, Homi K. Bhabha, Bill Ashcroft, Margaret Atwood, e outros, a análise tem como foco principal o discurso das personagens Jeremy Sadness e Mark Madham, ou ainda a ausência do discurso na figura da própria imensidão branca. / During the 1970s, the world was undergoing quite significant changes in cultural terms, especially given the rise of the counterculture and other social movements that emerged in the complex postwar scene in North America. While some Americans were experiencing the possibility of being politically engaged in order to offer a different perspective to their universe, other individuals were interested in the idea of escapism and in the construction of a narrative that could keep them away from all the possible problems. Considering the relationship of the Eurocentric subject with the wilderness and the space of the Other represented in the writing of Robert Kroetsch’s Gone Indian (1973), some characteristics might be analyzed based on Cultural Studies theories and scholars such as Gayatri Spivak, Homi K. Bhabha, Bill Ashcroft, Margaret Atwood, among others. Such characteristics will help to understand the subtext of silence and its construction in the narrative and discourse of the characters Mark Madham and Jeremy Sadness – or in the absence of speech in the figure of the great whiteness itself – undermining the traditional narratives through the exercise of a plural reading of the official history.

This dissertation examines booksellers in multiple roles as cultural agents in the small press field. It proposes various ways of understanding the work of booksellers as actively shaping the production, distribution, reception, and preservation of small press works, arguing that bookselling is a small press act unaccounted for in existing scholarship. It is structured around the idea of “contributive” bookselling from Nicky Drumbolis, wherein the bookseller “adds dimension to the cultural exchange […] participates as user, maker, transistor” (“this fiveyear list”). The questions at the heart of this dissertation are: How does the small press, in its material strategies of production and distribution, reshape the terms of reception for readers? How does the bookseller contribute to these processes? What does independent bookselling look like when it is committed to the cultural and aesthetic goals of the small press? And what is absent from literary and cultural records when the bookseller is not accounted for? This dissertation covers a period from 1952 to the present day. I begin by positing Raymond Souster’s “Contact” labour as an influential model for small press publishing in which the writer must adopt multiple roles in the communications circuit in order to construct and educate a community of readers. I then examine the bookseller catalogue as a bibliographic, critical, and pedagogical genre of publication that mediates productive encounters between readers and books. I next position the material, affective, and effective labour of the bookseller within the small press gift economy. Finally, I theorize the bookstore as a potential small press archive that functions as a viable counterweight to institutional collection and preservation. My reconsideration of the labour of the bookseller realigns relations between production, distribution, reception, documentation, and preservation of small press publications, making possible a more complete accounting of the histories of the book and of the small press in Canada.

Contemporary Canadian literature and drama that features racial hybridity represents the racially hybrid soma text as a unique form of embodiment and pays particular attention to the power of the racialized gaze. The soma text is the central concept I have developed in order to identify, address, and interrogate the signifying qualities of the racially hybrid body. Throughout my dissertation, I use the concept of the body as a text in order to draw attention to the different visual "readings" that are stimulated by this form of embodiment. In each chapter, I identify the centrality of racially hybrid embodiment and investigate the power of the racialized gaze involved in the interpellation of these racially hybrid bodies. I have chosen to divide my study into discrete chapters and to use specific texts to illuminate my central concepts and to identify the strategies that can be used to express agency over the process of interpellation. In Chapter One I explain my methodology, define the terminology and outline the theories that are central to my analysis. In Chapter Two, I consider the experiences of mixed race people expressing agency by self-defining in the genre of autobiography. In Chapter Three, I explore the notion of racial drag as represented in fiction. In Chapter Four, I consider the ways in which the performative aspects of racial hybridity are represented by theatrical means and through performance. My analysis of the soma text and racialized gaze in these three genres offers critical terms that can be used to analyze representations of racial hybridity. By framing my analysis by way of the construction of the autobiographical voice I suggest that insight into the narrative uses of racial hybridity can be deepened and informed by a thorough analysis of the representation of the lived experience of racial hybridity in a given context. My crossgeneric and crossracial methodology implicitly asserts the importance of the inclusion of different types of racial hybridity in order to understand the power of the racially hybrid body as a signifier in contemporary Canadian literature and drama. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

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La langue n’est pas qu’un outil de communication, mais aussi un moyen pour explorer, un raccourci efficace dans l’expansion des connaissances humaines et l'exploration de la société humaine. En analysant la poétique métaphorique des deux poètes déconstructionnistes canadiens, Robert Kroetsch et Erin Moure, cette thèse vise à examiner comment la métaphore, la métonymie et la catachrèse travaillent ensemble pour engendrer des constructions métaphoriques, qui peuvent produire de nouvelles connaissances et une éthique féministe. La métaphore, la métonymie et la catachrèse sont généralement étudiées comme des dispositifs littéraires qui augmentent l'attrait artistique des œuvres littéraires. Cependant, dans la poésie métaphorique, ils sont considérés comme des outils cognitifs pour déconstruire une compréhension rigide de l'histoire humaine et de la société. Dans The Stone Hammer Poems, la métaphore et la métonymie servent à dévoiler l'existence du savoir perdu, délimitant un espace imaginaire, composé de créatures et de civilisations anéanties. De même, dans O Cidadán, les deux dispositifs constituent une structure métaphorique qui accentue le respect du statut naturel des êtres humains. Pendant ce temps, au lieu de former une rhétorique satirique, la catachrèse dans les deux œuvres devient de véritables connaissances du temps et des personnes perdus. Par conséquent, en utilisant une approche cognitive pour effectuer une étude littéraire sur The Stone Hammer Poems et O Cidadán, cette thèse vise à étudier comment la métaphoricité fonctionne comme une ressource de compréhensions post-structuralistes de l'historicité et comme porteuse de l'éthique féministe. / Language is more than a communicative tool. It is a practical means of inquiry, a functional device to expand human knowledge and to explore human society. By analyzing the metaphorical poetics of two Canadian deconstructionist poets Robert Kroetsch and Erin Moure, this thesis aims to examine how metaphor, metonymy, and catachresis work together to engender metaphorical constructions that can produce new knowledge and feminist ethics. Metaphor, metonymy, and catachresis are usually studied as literary devices that increase the artistic appeal of literary works. However, in metaphorical poetry, they function as cognitive tools to deconstruct rigid understanding regarding human history and society. In The Stone Hammer Poems, metaphor and metonymy serve to unveil the existence of the lost knowledge, delineating an imaginative space consisting of annihilated creatures and civilizations. Similarly, in O Cidadán, the two devices construct metaphorical constructions that accentuate the respect of the natural status of human-beings. Meanwhile, instead of forming satirical rhetoric, catachresis in both works become the real knowledge regarding the lost time and people. Therefore, employing a cognitive approach to perform a literary study on The Stone Hammer Poems and O Cidadán, this thesis studies how metaphoricity operates as the resource of post-structuralist understandings on historicity and as the carrier of feminist ethics.

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<p>This dissertation argues that social power relations in Canada are deeply tied to the cultural models of time that have been assumed and rejected throughout the country’s history, and that Canadian literature and other arts serve a vital function in both witnessing and questioning these relationships. I begin by tracing the competing temporal frameworks that have taken hold in Canada, from the Gregorian calendar, to “standard” clock time, to immigration policies that cause people who are considered undesirable to wait longer periods of time for legal status. I suggest that the profound consequences temporal structures have on social relations necessitate a sustained study of how Canadian cultural and literary productions engage with the idea of time. After outlining the contested temporalities that serve broadly as sites of power, I turn to Canadian novels, poems, plays, and visual art to explore the difficult negotiations between individual and social experiences of time. These texts reveal that while broad cultural temporalities indeed shape the measuring out of individual lives, this shaping process functions differently for different people. In particular, I examine how forms of temporal agency and disempowerment are closely linked to the categories of age, class, gender, sexuality, race, and indigeneity. Finally, I examine texts that question existing temporal structures and explore alternative temporalities. While normative temporality is often depicted as unyielding, stories about catastrophic social disruptions portray normative time as a makeshift apparatus always on the verge of collapse. Such stories indicate that while the construction of new, more just models of time is always possible, no temporal structure is free from the politics of social power relations.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)