The main focus of my dissertation is how the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth Domino and a local Primary school support and work together in providing a safe and stimulating environment for children and young adults. The dissertation has two parts - a part and a practical part. The first part is focusing on social services as per number 108/2006 Collection of Legislative Acts. I am focusing on community planning and describing the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth in general and then Low-threshold facility for children and youth Domino Litvínov-Janov in more detail. One chapter gives an insight about how children spend their free time and the opportunities ad provisions available to them locally. The next part of my work gives reasons about the unsuitable location Litvinov-Janov. Further on the following chapter focuses on the Primary School in Janov and possible future partnership and cooperation with various organizations and charities. My main focus is to find out if the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth Domino has a working relationship with the Primary school Janov. The secondary focus of my work is to determine how well informed the staff of the Primary school Janov are about the charity Low-threshold facility for children and youth...

The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to examine how public librarians and people engaged in sports associations think of the possibility of collaboration between their organizations regarding children and youth and furthermore how they think this collaboration and collaboration in general would or should be practiced. This is done in the light of the increasing necessity of collaboration in today’s information society as well as the view that reading and sports could make a good match. Focus is placed on the libraries’ perspective and also on the respondents’ perceptions and thoughts. The empirical data were collected through qualitative telephone interviews with seven respondents from both public libraries and sports associations and the results were analyzed using general theories about collaboration from different subject areas as well as the models developed by Patricia Montiel-Overall concerning different levels of collaboration, which were modified to suit the purpose of this thesis. According to the empiric results the majority of the respondents see collaboration in general as a positive activity which helps to develop an organization. Therefore collaboration between public libraries and sports associations is also seen in mostly a positive way but some inhibitors are recognized, lack of time being the most significant. Because of this the thesis concludes that the respondents see lower level collaboration between their organizations as sufficient, even though Montiel-Overall’s models propose that deep collaboration more likely will result in positive outcomes.

Bakgrunn: Mange barn og unge med flyktningbakgrunn sliter med psykiske vansker. Dette er en utfordring for helsetjenesten. Hensikt: Å beskrive tsjetsjenske foreldres opplevelse av foreldrerollen i henholdsvis Tsjetsjenia og Norge, og hvilke tiltak de opplever som best for deres barns psykiske helse. Metode: Deskriptiv studie med en kvalitativ tilnærming. Ti foreldre er intervjuet. Data er analysert med innholdsanalyse. Temaene i intervjuguiden: Foreldrerollen i hjemlandet. Barnas psykiske situasjon. Foreldrenes ønsker, synspunkter og tanker om hva som kan bedre evt. dårlig psykisk helse hos barnet. Hvordan introduksjonsordningen påvirker foreldrerollen. Funn: Foreldrene forteller at mange av barna/ungdommene, etter mange år i Norge, har det dårlig psykisk og sosialt. De er ensomme, og har problemer med å finne seg til rette blant venner og i fritidsaktiviteter. Noen har atferdsforstyrrelser, og sosial mestring og funksjon er vanskelig. Barnas dårlige psykiske og sosiale situasjon gjør dem ekstra krevende for foreldrene. Informanter beskriver manglende erfaring med ansvar for og oppdragelse av barn.  Ved flyttingen til Norge har de reist fra oppdragerkompetansen i familie og nettverk. Samtidig forteller de om store forskjeller i mål og verdier i Norge og hjemlandet. Særlig mødrene forteller om en meget slitsom hverdag, som mor, deltager i introduksjonsordningen  og med egne psykiske vansker. Tidsmarginene i det daglige blir knappe, og i mange tilfeller umulige, og dette gir en høy stressfaktor. Foreldrene ønsker hjelp til helsefremmende tiltak som fritidsaktiviteter, kulturaktiviteter, hjelp til å etablere nettverk, mestring og foreldreveiledning, men har dårlig erfaring med terapi til barna. Aller mest ønsker de tid til å være foreldre for barna sine. Konklusjoner: Mottak av store familier med traumatiske opplevelser hos foreldre og barn er komplisert, og krever et samordnet tilbud i kommunen, hvor barneperspektivet må være like mye i fokus som foreldrenes kvalifisering, gjerne med en egen introduksjonslov for barna. Spesielt må det i større grad tilrettelegges for god foreldrefunksjon / Background: Many refugee children struggle with mental problems. This presents a challenge for the Norwegian health service. Purpose: This thesis aims to describe Chechenian parents’ experience of parenting in Chechnya and Norway respectively, and which initiatives they perceive to be best for their children’s mental health. Method: This descriptive study used a qualitative approach to interview ten parents who had immigrated to Norway from Chechnya. The themes in the interview guide were:  Parenting role in the homeland; the children’s psychological situation; the wishes, viewpoints and thoughts of the parents concerning what might improve the possible poor mental health of the child; how the rigours of participation in the qualification programme demanded by immigration laws affect the parenting role. Data were analysed by content analysis. Findings: The parents reported that, after many years in Norway, their children and teenagers experience both mental and social difficulties including loneliness, difficulty fitting in with friends and adjusting to leisure activities.  Some are behaviourally disturbed, and functioning socially is difficult. The children’s poor mental health and social challenges place great demands on the parents. Informants explained that they lack experience in having responsibility for raising children. Moving to Norway, they have left behind the child-rearing skills found in their family and social network. At the same time, they describe considerable differences in the parental goals and values of their homeland and Norway. Mothers especially, described a very exhausting daily life whilst participating in the qualification programme, balancing parental responsibilities whilst having their own mental difficulties. Having little or no free time increased their stress levels. Parents want help with health-promoting initiatives such as leisure activities, network building, cultural activities, and teaching of parenting skills, but their experience of child-therapy has been negative. Most of all, they want time to be parents for their children. Conclusions: The reception of large families where both parents and children have endured traumatic experiences is complicated, and demands a coordinated effort from the local council, where the child’s perspective must be as central as the parents’ circumstances, preferably with a separate qualification programme for children. In particular, programmes must be organised with good parenting function in mind. / <p>ISBN 978-91-85721-63-4</p>

This study investigated how therapists working with children and youth victims of interpersonal trauma (e.g. sexual abuse) are impacted by the resilience processes of their clients. Qualitative multiple case study design and thematic analysis were used to explore the research question. Four counselors working in an organization providing services to victims of trauma were interviewed and asked about how the act of bearing witness to the resilience of their clients affected their personal lives and clinical practice. The findings showed that for the participants there was an increased sense of hope and optimism, and an intense sense of being inspired by the strengths of clients as result of working with this population. To reflect about the challenges faced by clients allowed counselors to put their own challenges and strengths into perspective. In addition, they reported positive changes in their personal relationships. Further research is suggested, including further investigation about the relationship between optimism, hope and vicarious resilience processes as well as between the counseling approach adopted and the development of vicarious resilience responses. / Graduate / 0621 / 0622 / 0347 / fabianesilveira@gmail.com

This thesis combines ethnographic methods with feminist political analysis to examine Congolese young people’s decision-making roles in families, households, communities and policy spaces in Kampala and Kyaka II refugee settlement, Uganda. As refugees and young people, research subjects face many structural constraints. However, their diverse experiences defy homogenising discourses of marginality as an inherent, fixed characteristic. Instead, this thesis develops and applies a conceptual framework of political marginalisation as a dynamic process in multiple spaces. Research findings show that young people’s decision-making roles vis-à-vis resource distribution and division of labour are relational and contextual. Their multiple subject positions and relationships in overlapping networks affect differential decision-making roles. In particular, social age and gender are major axes of decision-making processes. Analyses of inter-linkages across patterns of relationships reveal that research subjects in peer networks and intergenerational household networks with independent resources have more decision-making opportunities at household, community and policy levels than their counterparts in intergenerational family networks. This contradicts assumptions that young people without their biological parents are inherently ‘marginalised’, and highlights the political importance of decision-making processes in perceived ‘private’ spaces, such as families and households. Structure and power relationships thus situate decision-making processes and affect available choices, but they cannot solely explain political roles and behaviour. This thesis also stresses the importance of agentic beliefs, intentions and aspirations. As actors in dynamic marginalisation processes, some young people attempt to access central spaces through education, remunerated formal employment and physical mobility. Others use marginal and transitional spaces to provide alternatives to the status quo. Such creativity and productivity occasion possibilities of political change. However, UNHCR’s protection and assistance responses do not facilitate these transformative processes because of their focus on perceived essentialist characteristics of monolithic ‘marginals’. This thesis offers an alternative approach that recognises refugee young people’s political agency, as well as the structural and power dynamics that constrain their decision-making opportunities.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2002. / Title from title page screen, viewed February 9, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Maureen E. Angell (chair), James R. Thompson, C. Al Bowman, Stacey Jones Bock, Emily H. Watts. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-216) and abstract. Also available in print.

O tema da presente pesquisa é a competição esportiva escolar. Investigou-se as contribuições das competições esportivas para a formação e educação dos participantes, de forma específica sobre o caso dos Jogos Escolares de Petrolina (JEP), competição esportiva escolar desenvolvida a mais de 40 anos, e o seu impacto como instrumento de formação e educação das crianças e adolescentes da região. Para cumprir com os objetivos da investigação foram conduzidos três estudos. O primeiro estudo trata da Teoria e Metodologia das Competições Esportivas e do Modelo Teórico apresentado por Marques (2004), modelo este que defende a competição esportiva como elemento estruturante da educação e formação de crianças e jovens. O segundo estudo, de natureza histórica, abordou a criação dos JEP. Para tal, foram entrevistados os professores responsáveis pela criação dos JEP, utilizando um questionário construído em formato semiestruturado. O terceiro estudo, realizado com professores atuantes nos JEP, focalizou a realidade atual dos JEP. Através da aplicação de um questionário em formato semiestruturado foram investigadas as características, potencialidades e limitações dos JEP como elemento de formação e educação dos participantes. As competições esportivas são elementos insubstituíveis para a educação e formação dos participantes, porém, para que cumpram a sua função formativa e educacional, as competições devem ser organizadas por princípios, regras e conteúdos adequados à cada faixa etária. Os JEP foram criados a partir de determinação da secretaria de educação de Pernambuco, no início da década de 70. Nas edições iniciais os professores organizadores não receberam nenhum apoio dos órgãos governamentais, necessitando improvisar as condições dos locais de disputa, atuando como organizadores, árbitros e treinadores. Neste período foi fundamental o auxílio dos alunos, da direção das escolas e da comunidade de Petrolina. Através dos resultados obtidos nos três estudos que compõe a tese, foi possível responder a questão central da investigação: Quais as contribuições dos JEP para a formação e educação dos jovens atletas? Os JEP contribuem não apenas para a formação esportiva dos participantes, mas também com a construção e educação de valores, inerentes às competições esportivas, porém desejáveis em outros domínios da vida em sociedade. Entre eles destacam-se o “respeito às regras”, o “companheirismo”, o “prazer”, a “desportividade”, a “imagem pública”, a “tolerância”, o “ser justo”, a “autoestima”, o “ser vencedor” e a “realização pessoal”. O crescimento da “autoestima” dos atletas e a sensação de “realização pessoal” são aspectos muito presentes durante os JEP com reflexos que vão muito além do ambiente esportivo. Estes valores têm contribuído para a mudança de atitude de muitos atletas, expressos pela redução no abandono escolar, na maior tolerância entre os estudantes e na melhora no relacionamento familiar, percebidos pelos professores de outras disciplinas, pela direção das escolas e pelos familiares. / The topic of this research is the school sports competition. The contributions of sports competitions for training and education of participants were investigated specifically about the School Games of Petrolina (SGP), which is a school sports competition developed over 40 years ago and its impact as a training and education tool of children and adolescents in the region. Three studies were conducted to reach the research objectives. The first study deals with the Theory and Methodology of Sports Competitions and the Theoretical Model presented by Marques (2004). This model supports sports competition as a structural element of the education and training of children and youth. The second study, of historical nature, addressed the creation of the SGP. For this purpose, teachers responsible for creating the SGP were interviewed using a survey built in a semi-structured format. The third study, performed with teachers working in the SGP, focused on the current reality of the SGP. The characteristics, capabilities and limitations of the SGP as a training and education element of the participants, were investigated by applying a semi-structured format survey. The sports competitions are irreplaceable elements for education and training of participants, however, to fulfill its training and educational function, competitions should be organized by principles, rules and appropriated contents for each age group. The SGP was created by the Education Secretariat of Pernambuco in the early 70s. In the early editions, teachers, who were also organizing, received no support from government agencies, requiring them to improvise when it came to the conditions of the contest sites as well as acting out the roles of organizers, referees and coaches. During this period, the support coming from students, schools' management and Petrolina community was crucial. The results of the three studies that are part of this thesis enabled to answer the central question of this investigation: What are the contributions of the SGP for the training and education of young athletes? The SGP helps not only the participant's growth in sport, but also the build of values that are part of sports competitions and also desirable in other aspects of life. Some examples are "respect to rules", "partnership", "pleasure", "sportiness", "public image", "tolerance", "be fair", "self-esteem", "be a winner" and "personal fulfillment". The "self-esteem" growth on athletes and the feeling of "personal fulfillment" are aspects very present in the SGP, with implications that go far beyond the sport environment. These values have contributed to an attitude change of many athletes, expressed in terms of lower number of students leaving school, higher tolerance and better family relationship, aspects that were noticed by other teachers, school board and families.

A exigência de altos resultados para os jovens desportistas é amplamente questionada pela literatura visto que, das três etapas do período de formação, os resultados só demonstram relevância na terceira. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal deste estudo foi verificar se os atletas de seis modalidades (ginástica olímpica, ginástica rítmica, natação, tênis, voleibol e futsal) apresentaram altos resultados enquanto pertenciam ao período de formação desportiva. Para complementar a pesquisa investigou-se a opinião de 25 treinadores sobre este tema. Em uma amostra de 161 atletas de alto nível observou-se a percentagem de altos resultados durante as três etapas de preparação desportiva, de acordo com o modelo de Platonov (1994), através de consultas às federações e questionários aplicados aos atletas. As principais conclusões da pesquisa foram: a) os atletas demonstraram um baixo percentual de altos resultados na primeira etapa (28,7%), um médio percentual na segunda etapa (67,6%) e, na terceira etapa, ocorreu o maior percentual de altos resultados (87,1%); b) a comparação realizada entre as modalidades revelou grande variação entre elas na primeira e segunda etapas, entretanto, todos desportos apresentaram altos percentuais na terceira fase, indicando grande relevância dos resultados neste período; c) os treinadores: não demonstraram um perfil único em relação à importância que atribuem aos resultados dos jovens desportistas, tão pouco no que diz respeito ao momento em que eles devem ocorrer; relacionaram o significado dos resultados com “grande chance de ter um atleta de ponta”, “possibilidade de avaliação”, “motivação” e “não são tão importantes quanto a diversão, as conquistas pessoais e as atitudes positivas”; consideraram que os altos resultados no desporto de crianças e jovens podem constituir em prejuízo para a carreira do atleta. / The demand for high performance results put upon young athletes is widely questioned in literary works. However, of the three phases during the period of formation, the results only demonstrated to be relevant in the third period. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to verify if the athletes from six sports (olympic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, swimming, tennis, volleyball, and indoor soccer) presented high results during the period of sports development. To complement the research, the views of 25 trainers on this theme were taken into consideration. From a sample of 161 high-level athletes, the percentage of high results were observed during the three phases of sports preparation, according to the model of Platonov (1994), by means of consulting the federations and by questionnaires applied to the athletes. The main conclusions of the research were the following: a) the athletes showed a low percentage of high results during the first phase (28.7%), an average percentage during the second phase (67.6%), and in the third phase is where the greatest percentage of high results occurred (87.1%). b) the comparison made between the sports modalities revealed a great variation between them in the first and second phases, but all sports showed high percentages in the third phase, indicating great relevance in the results in this period. c) the trainers did not show a united opinion in relation to the importance given to the results of the young athletes nor with respect to the moment at which they should occur. They related the significance of results as "a great opportunity to have a first-rate athlete", "possibility to be evaluated", "motivation", and "not so important as the fun, personal victories and the positive attitudes". They did think that a strong focus on high results in sports for children and young people could have a negative effect on the career of the athlete.

This master's thesis is focused on the value orientation of the adolescents attendingthe low-threshold club services in Strakonice and Blatná. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the time period of an adolescence and the changes that happen in the life. Then, it further analyses what the values and the value orientationare, how the value orientation is build up, what is its position in a matter of researching and what are the low-threshold services for children and youth. The practical part of the thesis is based on the research which is characterised by quantitative survey that was realized at the low-threshold club for children and youth CROSS in Strakonice and STATION 17 in Blatná. The aim of the realized survey was to find out what is the value orientation of the adolescents attending these both clubs. The ascertained opinions of the adolescents correspond, to some extent, with the theoretical assumptions.

A exigência de altos resultados para os jovens desportistas é amplamente questionada pela literatura visto que, das três etapas do período de formação, os resultados só demonstram relevância na terceira. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal deste estudo foi verificar se os atletas de seis modalidades (ginástica olímpica, ginástica rítmica, natação, tênis, voleibol e futsal) apresentaram altos resultados enquanto pertenciam ao período de formação desportiva. Para complementar a pesquisa investigou-se a opinião de 25 treinadores sobre este tema. Em uma amostra de 161 atletas de alto nível observou-se a percentagem de altos resultados durante as três etapas de preparação desportiva, de acordo com o modelo de Platonov (1994), através de consultas às federações e questionários aplicados aos atletas. As principais conclusões da pesquisa foram: a) os atletas demonstraram um baixo percentual de altos resultados na primeira etapa (28,7%), um médio percentual na segunda etapa (67,6%) e, na terceira etapa, ocorreu o maior percentual de altos resultados (87,1%); b) a comparação realizada entre as modalidades revelou grande variação entre elas na primeira e segunda etapas, entretanto, todos desportos apresentaram altos percentuais na terceira fase, indicando grande relevância dos resultados neste período; c) os treinadores: não demonstraram um perfil único em relação à importância que atribuem aos resultados dos jovens desportistas, tão pouco no que diz respeito ao momento em que eles devem ocorrer; relacionaram o significado dos resultados com “grande chance de ter um atleta de ponta”, “possibilidade de avaliação”, “motivação” e “não são tão importantes quanto a diversão, as conquistas pessoais e as atitudes positivas”; consideraram que os altos resultados no desporto de crianças e jovens podem constituir em prejuízo para a carreira do atleta. / The demand for high performance results put upon young athletes is widely questioned in literary works. However, of the three phases during the period of formation, the results only demonstrated to be relevant in the third period. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to verify if the athletes from six sports (olympic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, swimming, tennis, volleyball, and indoor soccer) presented high results during the period of sports development. To complement the research, the views of 25 trainers on this theme were taken into consideration. From a sample of 161 high-level athletes, the percentage of high results were observed during the three phases of sports preparation, according to the model of Platonov (1994), by means of consulting the federations and by questionnaires applied to the athletes. The main conclusions of the research were the following: a) the athletes showed a low percentage of high results during the first phase (28.7%), an average percentage during the second phase (67.6%), and in the third phase is where the greatest percentage of high results occurred (87.1%). b) the comparison made between the sports modalities revealed a great variation between them in the first and second phases, but all sports showed high percentages in the third phase, indicating great relevance in the results in this period. c) the trainers did not show a united opinion in relation to the importance given to the results of the young athletes nor with respect to the moment at which they should occur. They related the significance of results as "a great opportunity to have a first-rate athlete", "possibility to be evaluated", "motivation", and "not so important as the fun, personal victories and the positive attitudes". They did think that a strong focus on high results in sports for children and young people could have a negative effect on the career of the athlete.