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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

An?lise do crescimento, diferencia??o celular e perfil isoenzim?tico de um isolado de tripanosomat?deo obtido de Megaselia scalaris Loew, 1866 (D?ptera, Phoridae) / Analysis of growth, cell differentiation and isoenzyme profile of an isolated trypanosomatid obtained Megaselia scalaris Loew, 1866 (Diptera, Phoridae)

Lima , Nathanielly Rocha Casado de 30 March 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-28T15:23:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Nathanielly Rocha Casado de Lima.pdf: 972650 bytes, checksum: 29dba077fa4bb5ed1cb4977f2f174d44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-28T15:23:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Nathanielly Rocha Casado de Lima.pdf: 972650 bytes, checksum: 29dba077fa4bb5ed1cb4977f2f174d44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The Trypanosomatidae family includes parasites of a wide variety of vertebrates, invertebrates (mainly insects), plants and some species of protozoa. In this study, an isolate was obtained by feces culturing of the intestinal tract of Megaselia scalaris Loew, 1866 (Diptera, Phoridae). The original isolate and its clones (obtained by flow cytometry) were deposited in the ?Trypanosomatids Collection of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. These clones were characterized by different approaches I in comparison with the reference species of different genera. Its growth has been studied in LIT medium (with 10 or 20% fetal bovine serum) modified according to the requirement. The number of cells per microliter was estimated at 24 h intervals between 48-144 h. Giemsa-stained smears (after acid hydrolysis) were prepared in order to study cell differentiation and morphology of the forms. The isozyme analysis was performed using the following systems: GPI, PGM, 6PGDH, ME, IDH, MDH, ACON, FUM, MPI and HK. Data from this analysis were processed and analyzed numerically using the computacional Jaccard coefficient and UPGMA algorighm. The result set of this study suggest that: (1) The strain of M. scalaris showed 70% similarity with Herpetomonas megaseliae, (2) This isolate showed the exclusive presence of promastigotes in any analysis of the growth curve as expected for the genus Leptomonas, however the forms exhibited high polymorphism. Additional studies using molecular tools will be realized / A fam?lia Trypanosomatidae inclui parasitas de uma grande variedade de vertebrados, invertebrados (principalmente insetos), plantas e algumas esp?cies de protozo?rios. No presente trabalho, um isolado foi obtido por coprocultivo de trato intestinal de Megaselia scalaris Loew, 1866 (Diptera, Phoridae). O isolado original e seus clones (obtidos por citometria de fluxo) foram depositados na "Cole??o de Tripanosomat?deos do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz". Estes clones foram caracterizados por diversas abordagens em compara??o com esp?cies de refer?ncia de diferentes g?neros. Seu crescimento foi estudado em meio LIT (com 10 ou 20% de soro fetal bovino) modificado, de acordo com o n?vel de exig?ncia. O n?mero de c?lulas por microlitro foi estimado em intervalos de 24 h, entre 48-144 h. Esfrega?os corados pelo Giemsa (ap?s hidr?lise ?cida) foram preparados visando estudos de diferencia??o celular e morfometria das formas encontradas. A an?lise de isoenzimas foi realizada utilizando-se os seguintes sistemas: GPI , PGM, 6PGDH, ME, IDH, MDH, ACON, FUM, MPI e HK. Os dados desta an?lise foram processados numericamente e submetidos ? an?lise computacional utilizando-se o coeficiente de Jaccard e o algoritmo UPGMA. O conjunto de resultados deste trabalho sugere que: (1) O isolado de M. scalaris apresentou similaridade de 70% com Herptomonas megaseliae; (2) Esse isolado revelou a presen?a exclusiva de promastigotas em toda an?lise da curva de crescimento, como esperado para o g?nero Leptomonas, entretanto as formas exibiram grande polimorfismo. Estudos complementares utilizando ferramentas moleculares ser?o realizados.
2

An?lise transcrit?mica do intestino de f?meas ingurgitadas de Ornithodoros mimon (Acari: Argasidae) / Gut transcriptome analysis on engorged females of Ornithodoros mimon (Acari: Argasidae).

Landulfo, Gabriel Alves 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-06T11:37:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gabriel Alves Landulfo.pdf: 2085230 bytes, checksum: a7f7c364b23211ad81d1168cb1f6db85 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-06T11:37:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gabriel Alves Landulfo.pdf: 2085230 bytes, checksum: a7f7c364b23211ad81d1168cb1f6db85 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Ornithodoros mimon is an argasid tick that parasitizes bats, birds and opossums and is also aggressive towards humans. It inhabits some countries in the Neotropical region. Knowledge of the transcripts present in the tick gut helps in understanding the role of vital molecules in the digestion process and parasite-host relationship, while also providing information about the evolution of arthropod hematophagy. Thus, the present study aimed to ascertain the main molecules expressed in the gut of argasid ticks after their blood meal, through analysis on the gut transcriptome of engorged females of O. mimon. Sixty females were fed and dissected to extract the gut tissue. The transcriptome was obtained through pyrosequencing and the de novo assembly method on mRNA of the gut tissue. We identified 2,235 contigs, of which 1,729 matched database sequences, while 506 did not present any hits. The transcripts were annotated and grouped according to their biological function. Catalytic, binding and transporter activity were the most representative functions, accounting for 780, 709 and 106 contigs, respectively. The transcripts were classified into 31 categories, using both bioinformatics and data curation practices. The most representative categories were, respectively, unknown, catalytic activity and transporter channels. One hundred and three (103) digestives transcritps associated to digestion of proteins (67), carbohydrates (19) and lipid (17) were identified in the transcriptome analysis. Peptidases associated with hemoglobin digestion, such as serine, cysteine, aspartic protease and metalloenzymes, were identified in the gut of the engorged females. Genes associated with transport (hemelipoglycoprotein) and storage (ferritin) of nutrients resulting from hemoglobin digestion, such as heme, were also found in the digestive tract. The presence of a cathepsin O-like cysteine peptidase was recorded in ticks, for the first time. Two thousand and two hundred thirteen (2213) transcripts were deposited to the Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly (TSA) portal of the NCBI.The phylogenetic analysis on the peptidases confirmed that most of them are clustered with other tick genes. Genes for cathepsin L in O. mimon appear to have diverged from other more common recent ancestors. The topology of the phylogenetic inferences, based on transcripts of inferred families of homologues, was similar to that of previous reports based on different datasets, such as mitochondrial genome and nuclear rRNA sequences. Our findings may help towards better understanding of important argasid metabolic processes, such as digestion, nutrition and immunity / Ornithodoros mimon ? um carrapato argas?deo parasita de quir?pteras, aves e marsupiais, al?m de ser bastante agressivo aos humanos. O conhecimento dos transcritos presentes no intestino dos carrapatos auxilia no entendimento do papel de mol?culas vitais no processo digest?o e na rela??o parasito-hospedeiro, al?m de fornecer tamb?m informa??es sobre a evolu??o dos artr?podes hemat?fagos. Desta maneira, o presente estudo teve como objetivo conhecer e identificar as principais mol?culas expressas no intestino de uma esp?cie de carrapato argas?deo ap?s o repasto sangu?neo, atrav?s de uma an?lise transcrit?mica do intestino de f?meas ingurgitadas de O. mimon. Sessenta f?meas foram alimentadas e dissecadas para coleta o tecido intestinal. O RNAm da amostra do intestino foi extra?do, purificado e quantificado. Esse serviu de molde para s?ntese do cDNA, que foi utilizado no pirosequenciamento. O transcritoma foi obtido atrav?s do m?todo de montagem de novo do cDNA do tecido intestinal. Identificou-se 2235 sequ?ncias consensos (contigs) ou transcritos, dos quais 1729 apresentaram similaridade (hit) com sequ?ncias dos bancos de dados, enquanto que 506 n?o tiveram nenhuma similaridade. Os transcritos foram anotados e agrupados conforme as fun??es biol?gicas atribu?das as eles no processo de anota??o g?nica. Atividade catal?tica, ades?o e transporte foram as fun??es mais representativas com 780, 709 e 106 transcritos, respectivamente. Em uma an?lise n?o automatizada, os transcritos foram subcategorizados em 31 categorias. As categorias mais representativas foram desconhecido, atividade catal?tica e transportadores-canais. Identificamos 103 transcritos digestivos associados ? digest??o de prote?nas (67), carboidratos (19) e lip?dios (17). Proteinases das classes serino, ciste?ne, asp?rtica e metalo representaram as enzimas atuantes na digest?o intracelular do constituinte prote?co do repasto sangu?neo. Genes associados com o transporte (hemelipoglicoprote?na) e estocagem (ferritina) dos nutrientes resultantes da digest?o foram encontrados bem expressos no trato digestivo. Registrou-se pela primeira vez a presen?a de uma ciste?na peptidase do tipo catepsina O em carrapatos. Foram depositados no banco de dados g?nico p?blico 2213 transcritos de O. mimon. A an?lise filogen?tica das peptidases revelou que a maioria das proteinases de O. mimon ? pr?xima aos genes codificadores de proteinases de carrapatos. Transcritos de catepsinas L de O. mimon parecem ter divergido de ancestrais recentes diferentes. A infer?ncia filogen?tica baseada em conjunto de dados transcritos hom?logos tem uma resolu??o topol?gica similar a de outros conjuntos de dados, como genoma mitocondrial e sequ?ncias nuclear de RNA riboss?mico (rRNA). Os achados obtidos no presente estudo podem contribuir para compreens?o dos importantes processos dos carrapatos argas?deos, como digest?o, nutri??o e imunidade, al?m de fornecer informa??es sobre a filogenia dos carrapatos.
3

Efic?cia da associa??o de abamectina com fluazuron no controle de Rhipicephalus microplus, Dermatobia hominis e nemat?ides gastrointestinais em bovinos / Efficacy of abamectin with fluazuron association in control of Rhipicephalus microplus, Dermatobia hominis and gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle

Rocha, Cristiane Nunes Coelho da 21 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-16T12:11:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Cristiane Nunes Coelho da Rocha.pdf: 2134676 bytes, checksum: 7d111f5f6a4f012cde150c537673a52f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-16T12:11:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Cristiane Nunes Coelho da Rocha.pdf: 2134676 bytes, checksum: 7d111f5f6a4f012cde150c537673a52f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-21 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The purpose of the research was to evaluate the efficacy of association abamectin 0.6% with fluazuron 3.0% in control of Rhipicephalus microplus, Dermatobia hominis and gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle. For this, there were five tests in which the control group animals received no treatment, while animals in the treated group received the formulation within the association in a single dose of 600 mcg of abamectin and 3 mg of fluazuron per Kg of body weight by route ?pour-on?. As to acaricide efficacy, two tests were conducted, one using artificially infested cattle and other naturally infested by Rhipicephalus microplus. In the same manner, a test was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the product in test front of Dermatobia hominis naturally infested cattle. And two tests anthelmintic efficacy in infected cattle naturally and artificially by gastrointestinal nematodes. The mean of the carrapaticide efficacy for cattle artificially infested with R. microplus over the 23 days after treatment was 87,40%. The preventive effectiveness results of 98,12%; 98,68%; 98,36%; 97,88%; 96,76%; 96,45%; 96,84%; 97,03%; 95,36% and 87,07% respectively for the experimental days +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, +42, +49, +56, +63, +70. The acaricide effectiveness for naturally infested cattle by R. microplus was 96,30%; 96,90%; 95,98%; 96,83%; 98,32%; 96,12%; 96,15%; 98,8%; 97,18%, 99,12%; 97,18%; 98,04% and 77,50%, respectively for the experimental days +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, +42, +49, +56, +63, +70, +77, +84 and +91 for the treated group. The efficacy of the test product to D. hominis was 90,70% and 96,84% for days +7 and +14. The values of anthelmintic efficacy in naturally infected cattle with gastrointestinal nematodes was 92,17%; 89,32%; 87,38% respectively for the experimental days +7, +14, +21 for the treated group. For cattle artificially infected by gastrointestinal nematodes the efficacy was 92,59%; 97,62%; 87,82%; 86,96%; 96,00% respectively for Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia punctata, Cooperia pectinata and Oesophagostomum radiatum. The association abamectin 0.6% with fluazuron 3.0% was effective in artificially infested cattle and naturally infested by R. microplus, as well as demonstrates efficacy for D. hominis. The test product showed efficacy also in the reduction the eggs counts per gram of feces (EPG) in cattle naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes, as well as shown to be effective front of artificial infections with H. placei, T. axei and O. radiatum and has presented moderately effective against C. pectinata and C. punctata / O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a efic?cia da associa??o de abamectina 0.6% com fluazuron 3.0% controle de Rhipicephalus microplus, Dermatobia hominis e nemat?ides gastrointestinais em bovinos. Para isso, foram realizados cinco ensaios, nos quais os animais do grupo controle n?o receberam tratamento, enquanto que os animais do grupo tratado receberam a formula??o da associa??o na dose ?nica de 600 mcg de abamectina com 3 mg de fluazuron por Kg de peso corporal, por meio de via ?pour-on?. Quanto ? atividade carrapaticida, foram conduzidos dois ensaios, um utilizando bovinos artificialmente infestados e outro naturalmente infestados por Rhipicephalus microplus. Da mesma forma, foi realizado um ensaio para avaliar a efic?cia do produto em teste frente a Dermatobia hominis em bovinos infestados naturalmente e dois ensaios de efic?cia anti-helm?ntica em bovinos naturalmente e artificialmente infectados por nemat?ides gastrointestinais. A m?dia da efic?cia carrapaticida para bovinos artificialmente infestados por R. microplus ao longo dos 23 dias ap?s o tratamento foi de 87,40%. O resultado da efic?cia preventiva foi de 98,12%; 98,68%; 98,36%; 97,88%; 96,76%; 96,45%; 96,84%; 97,03%; 95,36%; e 87,07% respectivamente para os dias experimentais +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, +42, +49, +56, +63, +70. A efic?cia carrapaticida para bovinos naturalmente infestados por R. microplus foi de 96,30%; 96,90%; 95,98%; 96,83%; 98,32%; 96,12%; 96,15%; 98,8%; 97,18%, 99,12%; 97,18%; 98,04% e 77,50%, respectivamente para os dias experimentais +7, +14, +21, +28, +35, +42, +49, +56, +63, +70, +77, +84 e +91 para o grupo tratado. A efic?cia do produto em teste para D. hominis foi de 90,70% e 96,84%, para os dias +7 e +14. Os valores de efic?cia anti-helm?ntica em bovinos naturalmente infectados por nemat?ides gastrointestinais foi de 92,17%; 89,32%; 87,38% respectivamente para os dias experimentais +7, +14, +21 para o grupo tratado. Para bovinos artificialmente infectados por nemat?ides gastrointestinais, a efic?cia foi de 92,59%; 97,62%; 87,82%; 86,96%; 96,00% respectivamente para Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia punctata, Cooperia pectinata e Oesophagostomum radiatum. A associa??o de abamectina 0.6% com fluazuron 3.0% demonstrou ser eficaz em bovinos artificialmente e naturalmente infestados por R. microplus, assim como apresentou efic?cia para D. hominis. O produto em teste apresentou efic?cia tamb?m na redu??o de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) em bovinos naturalmente infectados por nemat?ides gastrointestinais, assim como, demonstrou ser efetivo frente a infec??es artificiais por H. placei, T. axei e O. radiatum, e apresentou-se moderadamente efetivo frente a C. pectinata e C. punctata.
4

Diagn?stico de parasitos de peixes Perciformes: uma esp?cie de Ergasilus (Copepoda: Ergasilidae) e duas esp?cies de Encotyllabe (Monogenea: Capsalidae) / Parasites diagnostic fish Perciformes: one species of Ergasilus (Copepoda: Ergasilidae) and two species of Encotyllabe (Monogenea: Capsalidae).

Taborda, Naraiana Lopes 22 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-06T13:19:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Naraiana Lopes Taborda.pdf: 2569264 bytes, checksum: dd82638f045c3152324e7f8757f3a526 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-06T13:19:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Naraiana Lopes Taborda.pdf: 2569264 bytes, checksum: dd82638f045c3152324e7f8757f3a526 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The current work aimed to increase the knowledge of biodiversity of parasite of fishes, unknown to some groups. In Chapter 1 the aim was described the new species ergasilid copepod Ergasilus von Nordmann, 1832, found on the gills of two cichlid fishes, Geophagus argyrostictus Kullander, 1991 (type host) and G. altifrons Heckel, 1840, caught in the Xingu River around Altamira, State of Par?, Brazil. The new species is the first record of genus Ergasilus found on fishes G. argyrostictus e G. altifrons. In Chapter 2, species of Encotyllabe Perciformes host were analyzed by molecular study, with analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI) and morphological study. These data identify two new species, a parasite of Pagrus pagrus (Sparidae) and other of Orthopristis ruber (Haemulidae), and addition of the sequence mitochondrial DNA to E. souzalimae Carvalho e Luque, 2012. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo ampliar os conhecimentos sobre a biodiversidade de parasitos de peixes, visto o escasso conhecimento para alguns grupos. No cap?tulo 1 objetivamos a descri??o de uma nova esp?cie do cop?pode parasito Ergasilus von Nordmann, 1832, encontrado parasitando as br?nquias de duas esp?cies de cicl?deos, Geophagus argyrostictus Kullander, 1991 (esp?cie tipo) e G. altifrons Heckel, 1840, capturados no Rio Xingu em torno de Altamira, Estado do Par?, Brasil. A nova esp?cie ? o primeiro registro do g?nero Ergasilus encontrado em peixes G. argyrostictus e G. altifrons. No cap?tulo 2, esp?cies de Encotyllabe encontradas em hospedeiros Perciformes foram analisadas atrav?s do estudo molecular, com an?lise do gene citocromo c oxidase I (COI) e morfol?gico. Estes dados identificam duas esp?cies novas, uma parasita de Pagrus pagrus (Sparidae) e outra de Orthopristis ruber (Haemulidae) e a adi??o da sequ?ncia de DNA mitocondrial para E. souzalimae Carvalho e Luque, 2012.
5

Diversidade da Calliphoridae em manguezal e a associa??o com Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Diptera: Phoridae), Itabora?, RJ, Brasil / Diversity of Calliphoridae in mangrove swamp and the association with Megaselia scalaris (Loew) (Diptera: Phoridae), Itabora?, RJ, Brazil

SILVA, Jos? Antonio Batista da 08 December 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-08T12:13:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Jos? Antonio Batista da Silva.pdf: 1901739 bytes, checksum: bf67996decc8c7cef031a8ce05d6f464 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T12:13:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Jos? Antonio Batista da Silva.pdf: 1901739 bytes, checksum: bf67996decc8c7cef031a8ce05d6f464 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-08 / This work was carried out from August 2007 to July 2011, in Itabora?, RJ, Brazil, and aimed to identify the Calliphoridae species exist in a mangrove swamp, verifying which are the predominant species, highlighting the proportions of males and females, and also analyzing the influence of abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity and moon phases, and also providing an analysis of the abundance, richness, diversity and similarity between the periods of sampling, ecological relationships between species of the same family and the ecological relationship between Calliphoridae and Phoridae parasitoids in Guapi-Mirim Environmental Protection Area, (Guapi-Mirim EPA) in the same city. Semiweekly collections were carried out over 48 months (96 collections). The traps were suspended at a height of 1.20 m above the ground for a period of 48 hours for each collection. To trap and collect the flies, four plastic traps (35 cm x 15 cm) were placed 100m apart each other in the studied area. The bait used was based on fish (sardine) in decomposition. The insects caught were killed by asphyxiation with 70% ethanol inside the trap. After asphyxiation all specimens were put into plastic pots containing 70% ethanol. The specimens were taken to the Laborat?rio de Transmissores de Leishmanioses (Setor de Entomologia M?dica e Forense) - IOC/FIOCRUZ, RJ, where they were separated by the collection day, counted and then identified using a stereoscopic microscope and the dichotomous keys for families and species. The abundance of Calliphoridae flies was statistically analyzed using the Statistica 7.1 program (StatSoft 2005) for the non-parametric test Kruskal-Wallis one way ANOVA (p< 0.05). Also the Kendall Tau Correlation test, Mann-Whitney (significance of 95%; p<0.05) and chi-square test (?2) were used to analyze. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Bray-Curtis similarity and Euclidean Distance were used. A total of 4,531flies were collected. These flies belonged to ten (10) species of the Calliphoridae family: Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (86.40%), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann,1819) (5.72%), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) (4.94%), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1818) (2.10%), Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819) (0.30%), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Cocquerel, 1858) (0.22%), Chloroprocta idioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1930) (0.20%), Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805) (0.04%), Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850) (0.04%), Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann,1830) (0.04%). The species C. megacephala was the one that presented the greatest abundance. Spring was the preferred season for all species; temperatures between 30.5 and 32.40C and relative humidity between 56.8 and 61.7% were considered those where there was a frenzy of oviposition; the full and new moons were the phases during which there was a higher occurrence of flies; Megaselia scalaris occurred more frequently in the most abundant Calliphoridae species in the same season of the year thus allowing greater dispersion of eggs; Calliphoridae species had a higher rate survival with increased food resources resulting from the polluting activity / Este trabalho foi realizado entre agosto de 2007 e julho de 2011, no Munic?pio de Itabora?, RJ, Brasil, e teve como objetivo identificar as esp?cies de Calliphoridae existentes em uma ?rea de mangue, quantificar as predominantes, destacando as propor??es de machos e f?meas, e tamb?m analisar a influ?ncia de fatores abi?ticos, tais como temperatura, umidade do ar e fases lunares; e ainda relacionar a abund?ncia, a riqueza, a diversidade e a similaridade entre os per?odos de coletas, rela??es ecol?gicas entre as esp?cies da entomofauna da mesma fam?lia e a rela??o ecol?gica entre Calliphoridae e Phoridae parasit?ides dentro da ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental de Guapi-Mirim (APA de Guapi-Mirim), em Itabora?. Durante 48 meses, foram realizadas 96 coletas, uma a cada 15 dias. Em todas as capturas, foram utilizadas armadilhas confeccionadas em recipiente pl?stico com 35 cm de altura e 15 cm de di?metro. Cada uma das quatro armadilhas foi suspensa a uma altura de 1,20 m do solo contendo 100g de isca de peixe (sardinha) em decomposi??o por um per?odo de 48 horas. Ap?s cada captura, todos os esp?cimes foram mortos no interior das armadilhas por asfixia utilizando etanol 70%. Em seguida todos os indiv?duos foram acondicionados em potes pl?sticos, contendo etanol a 70% e encaminhados ao Laborat?rio de Transmissores de Leishmanioses (Setor de Entomologia M?dica e Forense), IOC-FIOCRUZ, RJ, em seguida todos os esp?cimes foram separados por dia de coleta, identificadas e quantificadas. Para tal procedimento utilizou-se um microsc?pio estereosc?pico e chaves dicot?micas para a identifica??o da fam?lia e das esp?cies. As an?lises estat?sticas foram feitas utilizando o programa estat?stico Statistica 7.1 (STATSOFT, 2005), atrav?s do teste de Kruskal- Wallis one way ANOVA, teste de qui- quadrado (?2), Mann-Whitney e correla??o de Kendall Tau (p<0,05). Foram utilizados os ?ndices de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e similaridade de Bray-Curtis, assim como a Dist?ncia Euclidiana. Foram capturadas 4531 moscas pertencentes a dez (10) esp?cies da fam?lia Calliphoridae: Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (86,40%), Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann,1819) (5,72%), Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) (4,94%), Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1818) (2,10%), Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann, 1819) (0,30%), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Cocquerel, 1858) (0,22%), Chloroprocta idioidea (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1930) (0,20%), Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805) (0,04%), Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850) (0,04%), Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann,1830) (0,04%). A esp?cie C. megacephala foi aquela que apresentou a maior abund?ncia, a primavera foi a esta??o do ano em que todas as esp?cies mostraram maior prefer?ncia; as temperaturas compreendidas entre 30,5 e 32,40C e a umidade relativa do ar entre 56,8 e 61,7% foram consideradas aquelas onde houve frenesi de oviposi??o; nas luas cheias e novas houve maior ocorr?ncia de moscas capturadas; Megaselia scalaris se utilizou de esp?cies abundantes nas mesmas esta??es do anos em que ela ocorreu com maior frequ?ncia, possibilitando assim maior dispers?o de ovos; a maior disponibilidade de recursos alimentares resultantes da atividade poluidora tempor?ria ofereceram uma melhor condi??o de sobreviv?ncia para as esp?cies os Calliphoridae.
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Estudos bioqu?micos comparativos dos ovos de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) durante a oviposi??o / Biochemical Analysis of eggs of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) during the Oviposition.

Raia, Vanessa de Almeida 28 January 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-09T11:45:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Vanessa de Almeida Raia.pdf: 1415435 bytes, checksum: 6553cdee2bd5a5f2a363cb3cd11f812d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-09T11:45:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Vanessa de Almeida Raia.pdf: 1415435 bytes, checksum: 6553cdee2bd5a5f2a363cb3cd11f812d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / To fill some gaps about the intrinsic mechanisms of the biology of oviposition of R. (B.) microplus, we evaluated the concentration of lipids and carbohydrates, as well as the variability of lipid in eggs per day of posture. For this, engorged females weighing between 151 and 360 mg were placed in controlled environment (27 ? 1 ? C, 80 ? 5% RH, darkness), and after beginning of laying, three samples of the eggs pool were daily collected, packed and preserved at -20 ? C. Samples 1 and 2, weighing 50 mg each, were used to quantitate lipids and glucose, and to evaluate the lipid profile, respectively; and the third sample, containing 1 g of eggs, was used to quantitate glycogen. The determination of total lipids was performed using phospho-vanillin reagent, while the concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were obtained by colorimetric determination using endpoint enzymatic kit. The level of glycogen was performed using the acid 3,5 dinitrosalicylic reactive . The results were analyzed by nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and the relationship between the concentrations of substrates and the days of laying was assessed by polynomial regression. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of these substrates in eggs from different days of oviposition, as there was no relationship of these concentrations with the days of laying. After lipid extraction, the samples were performed in thin layer chromatography, high-performance (HPTLC) for neutral lipids and phospholipids. Then, densitometry was performed using the Image Master Total Lab and the daily percentage of each lipid in the samples was calculated. Among the neutral lipids were identified the hydrocarbons, esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, fatty acids, free cholesterol and diacylglycerol. Of these, the cholesterol ester showed the highest variation, it was not detected in eggs at the fifth day of oviposition. Among the phospholipids were detected the phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin fosfatidilinusitol. This latter was absent in eggs of the seventh day onwards. Thus, the different rates of hatchability of eggs from different laying days cannot be attributed to the concentrations of total lipids, although some specific lipids such as cholesterol ester and sphingomyelin might influence the difference in larval hatchability, more researches are needed for clarify the role of these substrates in embryogenesis / Objetivando preencher algumas lacunas sobre os mecanismos intr?nsecos da biologia da oviposi??o de R. (B.) microplus, foram avaliadas as concentra??es de lip?dios e carboidratos, assim como a variabilidade lip?dica dos ovos postos em diferentes dias de postura. Para isso, f?meas ingurgitadas pesando entre 151 e 360 mg foram colocadas em estufa biol?gica sob condi??es controladas (27 ? 1oC, 80 ? 5% UR, escotofase), e ap?s in?cio da postura, tr?s amostras di?rias do ?pool? de ovos foram coletadas, acondicionadas e preservadas a ?20?C. As amostras 1 e 2, pesando 50 mg cada, foram utilizadas para dosar lip?dios e glicose, e avaliar o perfil de lip?dios, respectivamente; a amostra 3, contendo 1 g de ovos foi utilizada para dosar glicog?nio. A dosagem de lip?dios totais foi realizada atrav?s do reagente de fosfo-vanilina, enquanto as concentra??es de colesterol, triglicer?dios e glicose foram obtidas atrav?s de determina??o colorim?trica com a utiliza??o de kit enzim?tico de ponto final. A dosagem de glicog?nio foi realizada atrav?s do reativo ?cido 3,5 dinitrosalic?lico. Os resultados das dosagens foram analisados pelo teste n?o param?trico de Kruskal-Wallis e a rela??o entre as concentra??es dos substratos e os dias de postura foi avaliada atrav?s de Regress?o polinomial. N?o foram constatadas diferen?as significativas entre as concentra??es destes substratos nos ovos de diferentes dias de oviposi??o, assim como n?o houve rela??o dessas concentra??es com os dias de postura. Ap?s extra??o dos lip?dios das amostras, foram realizadas cromatografias em camada delgada de alto desempenho (HPTLC) para lip?dios neutros e fosfolip?dios. Em seguida, a densitometria foi realizada atrav?s do programa Image Master Total Lab e o percentual di?rio de cada lip?dio nas amostras foi calculado. Dentre os lip?dios neutros foram identificados hidrocarbonetos, colesterol esterificado, triglicer?dios, ?cidos graxos, colesterol livre e diacilglicerol. Destes, o colesterol esterificado foi o que apresentou maior varia??o, n?o sendo detectado nos ovos do quinto dia de oviposi??o. Dentre os fosfolip?dios foram detectados o ?cido fosfat?dico, fosfatidiletanolamina, fosfatidilcolina, fosfatidilinusitol e esfingomielina. Sendo este ?ltimo ausente nos ovos do s?timo dia de postura em diante. Assim, as diferentes taxas de eclodibilidade por dia de postura n?o podem ser atribu?das ?s concentra??es de lip?dios totais, embora alguns lip?dios espec?ficos como o colesterol esterificado e a esfingomielina possam ter influ?ncia na diferen?a de eclodibilidade larval, sendo necess?rios mais estudos para eclarecer o papel desses substratos na embriog?nese
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Teores de glomalina e subst?ncias h?micas em diferentes est?gios sucessionais de floresta seca / Glomalin and humic substances levels in different sucessional stages of a dry forest

DINIZ, Jurema Diniz 02 June 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-14T14:46:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Jurema Schinz Diniz.pdf: 1784426 bytes, checksum: ef765e40d98144beee9ab74d12aff5f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-14T14:46:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Jurema Schinz Diniz.pdf: 1784426 bytes, checksum: ef765e40d98144beee9ab74d12aff5f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-02 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This study contributes to understanding the relationship between tropical dry forests regeneration and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activity. The specific objective of this study is to extract and quantify glomalin, glomerospores and humic substances in different sucessional stages of a dry forest. The main objective is to study the activity of AMFs in different stages of a dry forest and to colabore to the projects: ?Functional links between aboveground changes and belowground activity with land use in the Americas: Soil biodiversity and food security? e ?Human, Ecological and Biophysical Dimensions of Tropical Dry Forest?. Total Glomalin (TG) and carbon levels were higher in inicial and late stage of dry forest, indicating the carbon storage contribution to glomalin in soil. In addition, the higher number of glomerospores in this sucessional stage shows the more activity of AMF and its potential to regeneration of disturbed dry forests. The different chemical and physical properties of soil in intermediate stage possibly contributed to low glomalin and carbon levels. The higher levels of humic substances in this stage possibly contribute to the lower activity of AMF and can be explained by the higher diversity of plants in this area. It is important to study the influence of physical and chemical properties, humic substances and plant diversity in AMF activity, in different sucessional stages of dry forests. / Este trabalho contribui para o entendimento da rela??o da regenera??o de florestas tropicais secas, com a atividade dos fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares (FMAs). Tem como objetivos espec?ficos: a extra??o e a quantifica??o de glomalina, de glomerosporos e de subst?ncias h?micas em diferentes sucess?es de floresta seca. O objetivo ? avaliar a atividade dos FMAs em diferentes est?gios sucessionais de floresta seca, acrescentando e colaborando assim para o desenvolvimento dos projetos: ?Functional links between aboveground changes and belowground activity with land use in the Americas: Soil biodiversity and food security? e ?Human, Ecological and Biophysical Dimensions of Tropical Dry Forest?. Os teores de glomalina total e de carbono org?nico foram maiores na ?rea de sucess?o inicial e tardia de floresta seca, indicando maior influ?ncia do estoque de carbono na glomalina do solo. O maior n?mero de esporos e glomalina, na ?rea de sucess?o inicial, mostrou a maior atividade dos fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares em ?rea perturbada que est? se regenerando, sugerindo a contribui??o dos FMAs para essa recupera??o do ecossistema de florestas secas. As propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas diferentes do solo na ?rea de sucess?o intermedi?ria provavelmente contribu?ram para a baixa concentra??o de glomalina e carbono. Os maiores teores de ?cidos h?micos e f?lvicos no solo de sucess?o intermedi?ria podem ter contribu?do tamb?m para a baixa atividade dos FMAs e podem ser devidos ? maior diversidade de esp?cies vegetais nesta ?rea. ? importante desenvolver estudos que comparem as propriedades qu?micas e f?sicas do solo com a atividade desses microorganismos simbiontes em diferentes sucess?es vegetais; que analisem a influ?ncia das subst?ncias h?micas na atividade dos FMAs em campo; e da influ?ncia da diversidade de esp?cies vegetais na atividade dos FMAs.
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Identifica??o de enterobact?rias atrav?s da t?cnica de MALDI-TOF MS e compreens?o da dissemina??o destes agentes em ambiente de produ??o leiteira / enterobacteria identification by MALDI-TOF MS technique and understanding the spread of these agents in dairy production environment

Rodrigues, Naiara de Miranda Bento 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Leticia Schettini (leticia@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-20T14:14:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - NAIARA DE MIRANDA BENTO RODRIGUES.pdf: 1508318 bytes, checksum: bbf2aebb5d43033339bf559d73461919 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T14:14:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - NAIARA DE MIRANDA BENTO RODRIGUES.pdf: 1508318 bytes, checksum: bbf2aebb5d43033339bf559d73461919 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPQ / Mastitis adversely affects milk production and in general cows do not regain their full production levels post recovery, leading to considerable economic losses. Moreover the percentage decrease in milk production depends on the specific pathogen that caused the infection and enterobacteria are responsible for this greater reduction. These microorganisms are preferentially found in the habitat of animals in places contaminated with feces, urine, clay and also organic beds. Phenotypic tests are among the currently available methods used worldwide to identify enterobacteria; however they tend to misdiagnose the species despite the multiple tests carried out and they can delay the antibiotic therapy by clinic veterinary. On the other hand the MALDI-TOF MS technique has been attracting attention for its precise identification of several microorganisms at species level. In the current study, 183 enterobacteria were detected in milk (n=47) and fecal samples (n=94) collected from cows; also water (n=23) and milk line samples (n=19) collected from a farm in Rio de Janeiro with the purpose to present the MALDI-TOF MS technique as efficient methodology and also as a ?gold standard? to better understand the possible current biochemical errors in enterobacteria identification considering isolates from bovine environments. This proteomic technique confirmed 92.9% (170/183) of the enterobacteria species identified by biochemical tests that showed high sensitivity (> 81%) and specificity (> 89%). The gyrB sequencing was made in eigth from thirteen misidentified enterobacteria and confirmed 100% the MALDI-TOF results, so the proteomic technique was used as a ?gold standard? for this study. The amino acid decarboxylation test made the most misidentifications and Enterobacter spp was the largest misidentified genus (76.9%, 10/13). E.coli was prevalent (83%, 152/183) in all samples and the bovine milk presented the most enterobacteria diversity. The Salmonella sp wasn?t detected in feces bovine samples and all water samples from different points in the farm presented unacceptable microbiological standards. Was identified enterobacteria in milkers hands and nasal cavity also in the milking machines used on the property. These results aim to contribute significantly to the characterization of the Enterobacteriaceae as well in understanding of its spread in dairy production environment , assisting in need diagnostic of possible agents involved in bovine mastitis as well as to implement properly targeted prophylactic measures. / A mastite bovina afeta negativamente a produ??o de leite dificultando a recupera??o dos n?veis de produ??o total das propriedades leiteiras, levando a perdas econ?micas consider?veis. Esta redu??o no percentual da produ??o de leite pode estar associada ao agente patog?nico espec?fico que causou a infec??o, sendo as enterobact?rias frequentemente respons?veis pela mastite ambiental. Estes microrganismos s?o preferencialmente encontrados no habitat normal dos animais como locais que apresentam esterco, urina, barro e camas org?nicas. Os testes fenot?picos est?o entre os m?todos dispon?veis atualmente utilizados para identificar as enterobact?rias; no entanto, eles podem ocasionalmente identitificar erroneamente algumas esp?cies apesar dos m?ltiplos ensaios realizados. Al?m disso, a demora na sua execu??o pode tardar a antibioticoterapia realizada em campo. Por outro lado, a t?cnica de MALDI-TOF MS tem atra?do a aten??o pela sua identifica??o precisa dos v?rios microorganismos em n?vel de esp?cie. No presente estudo, um total de 183 enterobact?rias foram isoladas a partir de amostras de leite (n=47) e fezes colhidas de vacas em lacta??o (n=94); amostras de ?gua (n=23) e na linha de ordenha (n=19) em uma propriedade situada no Rio de Janeiro. A proposta foi utilizar a t?cnica de MALDI-TOF MS como um m?todo eficaz de identifica??o bacteriana de enterobact?rias e descrever a permanencia destes microrganismos no ambiente de produ??o leiteira. A t?cnica prote?mica confirmou 92,9% (170/183) das esp?cies de enterobact?rias identificadas pelos testes bioqu?micos convencionais. O sequenciamento do gene gyrB, realizado em oito das 13 enterobact?rias que apresentaram identifica??o discordante, confirmou em 100% o resultado da t?cnica prote?mica, que foi utilizada como metodologia de refer?ncia no presente estudo. O g?nero Enterobacter foi o mais discordante pelo m?todo bioqu?mico (76,9%, 9/13). A E.coli foi a esp?cie predominante (83%, 152/183) em todas as amostras avaliadas, sendo que o leite bovino apresentou maior diversidade de enterobact?rias. N?o foi detectada a presen?a de Salmonella spp. nas amostras de fezes bovinas e todas as amostras de ?gua dos diferentes pontos de coleta da propriedade apresentaram padr?es microbiol?gicos inaceit?veis. Foram isoladas enterobact?rias das m?os e cavidades nasal dos ordenhadores, bem como nas ordenhadeiras mec?nicas utilizadas na propriedade. Estes dados visam contribuir de forma significativa para a caracteriza??o das enterobacterias bem como para a compreens?o e sua descri??o no ambiente de produ??o leiteira, auxiliando no diagn?stico preciso dos poss?veis agentes envolvidos na mastite bovina bem como na implementa??o de medidas profil?ticas devidamente direcionadas.
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Ecologia de parasit?ides (Diptera: Phoridae) de Atta robusta Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em ambiente de restinga / Ecology of parasitoids (Diptera: Phoridae) of Atta robusta Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in restinga environment.

Gomes, Diego da Silva 29 April 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-09-28T11:47:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Diego da Silva Gomes.pdf: 2619456 bytes, checksum: 54aa7fc27666d0eefe5f74d7131dbd5c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-28T11:47:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Diego da Silva Gomes.pdf: 2619456 bytes, checksum: 54aa7fc27666d0eefe5f74d7131dbd5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The leaf cutter ant Atta robusta Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is an endemic species existent in restinga environment between States of Rio de Janeiro and Esp?rito Santo. However, with the fragmentation of this environment and consequent loss of the native area, owed due mainly to the urban growth, this species takes serious extinction risk, becoming indispensable studies that seek auxiliary in the understanding of your ecology, as the action of parasitoids phorids (Diptera: Phoridae). This work had as main objective to study possible associations of these flies with A. robusta. During the period between June 2009 and October 2010 two restinga environment were studied in the city of Rio de Janeiro: Parque Marapendi and restinga da Marambaia. In each environment they two areas were chosen (with differentiated vegetable composition), an open and more degraded, and another closed, more preserved. In each area nine colonies of A. robusta were chosen, totaling 36 colonies in the four areas of the two environments. Every day of data collection consisted of six hours of observation, divided in eight times of 45 minutes. These observations were made in trails and entrance of the nests, in a consecutive way, always beginning for the entrance nests. In the first ones 15 of each time were to verify the traffic of ants and the 30 remaining minutes, for capture of the phorids that attacked A. robusta. Environmental variables (temperature and humidity) were logged, as well as the attack place (trails and nests entrances). Seventy three phorid flies of two species were collected: Neodohrniphora sp. (46 individuals) and Myrmosicarius sp. (27 individuals). The first one was confirmed as a new species and it was more frequent in more closed restinga areas, while the second, with open areas. The two species attack in trails and entrance of the nests. The number of individuals of Myrmosicarius sp. was influenced negatively with the temperature and positively with the relative humidity of the air. In the case of Neodohrniphora sp. nov., all the regressions relating the number of individuals captured with the studied variables were not significant. The phorid species appear to be linked to specific areas of restinga, in which temperature and humidity are factors limiting the performance of parasitoids Myrmosicarius sp., but do not regulate the behavior of parasitoid Neodohrniphora sp nov. / A formiga cortadeira Atta robusta Borgmeier, 1939 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) ? uma esp?cie end?mica de ambientes de restinga existentes entre os Estados do Rio de Janeiro e Esp?rito Santo. Por?m, com a fragmenta??o deste ambiente e conseq?ente perda da ?rea nativa, devido principalmente ao crescimento urbano, esta esp?cie corre s?rio risco de extin??o, tornando-se imprescind?veis estudos que visem auxiliar na compreens?o de sua ecologia, como a a??o de for?deos parasit?ides (Diptera: Phoridae). Este estudo teve como objetivo principal estudar poss?veis associa??es destas moscas com A. robusta. Durante o per?odo entre junho de 2009 e outubro de 2010 foram estudados dois ambientes de restinga na cidade do Rio de Janeiro: Parque Marapendi e restinga da Marambaia. Em cada um destes ambientes foram escolhidas duas ?reas (com composi??o vegetal diferenciada), uma aberta e mais degradada, e outra fechada, mais preservada. Em cada ?rea foram escolhidas nove col?nias de A. robusta, totalizando 36 col?nias nas quatro ?reas dos dois ambientes. Cada dia de coleta de dados constou de seis horas de observa??o, divididas em oito tempos de 45 minutos. Estas observa??es foram feitas em trilhas e em olheiros, de forma consecutiva, sempre se iniciando pelos olheiros. Os 15 primeiros minutos de cada tempo foram para verificar o tr?fego de formigas e os 30 minutos restantes, para captura de for?deos que atacavam A. robusta. Vari?veis ambientais (temperatura e umidade) foram anotadas, bem como o local de ataque (trilha e olheiro). Foram coletados 73 for?deos de duas esp?cies: Neodohrniphora sp. nov. (46 indiv?duos) e Myrmosicarius sp. (27 indiv?duos). A primeira esp?cie foi confirmada como uma nova esp?cie e foi mais frequente em ?reas de restinga mais fechadas, enquanto a segunda, em ?reas abertas. As duas esp?cies atacam em trilhas e olheiros. O n?mero de indiv?duos de Myrmosicarius sp. foi influenciado negativamente pela temperatura e positivamente pela umidade relativa do ar. No caso de Neodohrniphora sp. nov., todas as regress?es relacionando o n?mero de indiv?duos capturados com as vari?veis estudadas foram n?o significativas. As esp?cies de for?deos parecem estar associadas a ?reas espec?ficas de restinga, na qual temperatura e umidade s?o fatores limitantes da atua??o dos parasit?ides Myrmosicarius sp., por?m n?o regulam o comportamento parasit?ide de Neodohrniphora sp nov.
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Estudo morfol?gico(anat?mico e histol?gico) do sistema tegumentar de hydromedusa maximiliani (Mikan, 1820) (testudines, chelidae) e phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812) (testudines, chelidae) / Morphological study (anatomical and histological) of the tegumentary system of Hydromedusa maximiliani (Mikan, 1820) (Testudines, Chelidae) e Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812) (Testudines, Chelidae)

Novelli, Iara Alves 21 March 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-10T12:06:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Iara Alves Novelli.pdf: 8629253 bytes, checksum: 80ff4026ca5aacf3a480c2a9ebcfce24 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T12:06:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Iara Alves Novelli.pdf: 8629253 bytes, checksum: 80ff4026ca5aacf3a480c2a9ebcfce24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-21 / The chelonian uses tactile, visual, olfactory and chemical signs during the social interactions. The chemical communication sign may have a highest importance in the space orientation and sexual behavior displayed by the chelonian during the reproductive period. There are not histological and morphological studies of the Brazilian chelonian species tegumental appendices, like Hydromedusa maximiliani and Phrynops geoffroanus. So, the actual study had the goal to describe and compare morphologically and histologically the tegumental appendices from two Brazilian tortoise species which belong to the Chelidae family. For this study, it was used adult specimens from the Cole??o Herpetol?gica do Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora of H. maximiliani (2 males and 2 females) and P. geoffroanus (4 males and 4 females), totalizing 12 specimens. The analysis of the external surface neck, head and chin region was done. The animals were dissected using stereoscopic microscope to take samples out of the epidermis and dermis from the neck and head region. To the microscopic analysis, it was done the routine techniques that are used in the histological studies. In P. geoffroanus, the keratinized epidermis layer is thicker when compared to the same epidermis layer of H. maximiliani. It was observed that in P. geoffroanus and H. maximiliani these regions may present epidermis invaginations with the detachments of the most external keratin layers. The histological and histochemical study done in the epidermis cuts of the specimens H. maximiliani and P. geoffroanus haven?t evidenced the presence of submandibular gland. The PAS method hasn?t shown the presence of neutral mucopolysaccharides in this submandibular gland, which are products part of the secretions produced by the exocrine glands. In this study, it was observed that the dewlap presented in P. geoffroanus are cylindrical tegumental appendices presented in the mandibular symphysis posterior region, which occurs in pairs, constituting of epidermis and dermis, and with a great concentration of nervous terminations. In the actual study, the P. geoffroanus specimens macroscopically presented conical shape tubers, rarely pointed and also with verrucous shape, visible in the dorsal and lateral region, from the anterior part up to the posterior part of the neck, not presented in the ventral region of the neck, which presents slots, grooves and depressions in the epidermis. In the actual study, it wasn?t observed morphological and histological differences regarding the tubers when compared by gender. In H. maximiliani the tubers are irregularly distributed in the lateral and dorsal regions of the neck, being absent in the region of the head and in the ventral region of the neck. They present pointed and tray shape, different from what was observed in the P. geoffroanus specimens. The tubers presented in the two studied species are different in macroscopic terms, but all of them present a random disposition and are also absent in the ventral region of the neck. For the two types of tegumental annexes (tubers, dewlap) analyzed in this study, it was verified that there are not differences between the genders. / Os quel?nios empregam sinais t?teis, visuais, olfativos e qu?micos durante as intera??es sociais. A comunica??o usando sinais qu?micos pode ter uma import?ncia maior na orienta??o espacial e comportamento sexual exibidos pelos quel?nios durante o per?odo reprodutivo. S?o inexistentes os estudos histol?gicos e morfol?gicos dos ap?ndices tegument?rios das esp?cies de quel?nios brasileiros, como Hydromedusa maximiliani e Phrynops geoffroanus. Dessa forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivos descrever e comparar morfol?gica e histologicamente os anexos tegumentares de duas esp?cies brasileiras de c?gados pertencentes ? Fam?lia Chelidae. Para esse estudo foram utilizados esp?cimes adultos de H. maximiliani (dois machos e duas f?meas) e P. geoffroanus (quatro machos e quatro f?meas), totalizando 12 esp?cimes, provenientes da Cole??o Herpetol?gica do Departamento de Zoologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Foi realizada a an?lise da superf?cie externa da regi?o do pesco?o, cabe?a e da regi?o mentoniana. Os animais foram dissecados sob microsc?pio estereosc?pico para retirada de amostras da epiderme e derme das regi?es da cabe?a e pesco?o. Para an?lise microsc?pica foram realizados as t?cnicas de rotina utilizadas nos estudos de histologia. Em P. geoffroanus a camada queratinizada da epiderme ? mais espessa quando comparada com a mesma camada na epiderme de H. maximiliani. Foi observado em P. geoffroanus e H. maximiliani que essas regi?es podem apresentar invagina??es da epiderme com o desprendimento das camadas mais externas de queratina. O estudo histol?gico e histoqu?mico realizado nos cortes da epiderme de ambas esp?cies de, n?o evidenciou a presen?a da gl?ndula submandibular. O m?todo de PAS n?o mostrou a presen?a de mucopolissacar?deos neutros nessa regi?o submandibular, que s?o produtos que fazem parte das secre??es produzidas por gl?ndulas ex?crinas. Nesse estudo observou-se que as barbelas presentes em P. geoffroanus s?o ap?ndices tegumentares cil?ndricos presentes na regi?o posterior da s?nfise mandibular, que ocorrem aos pares, constituindo-se de epiderme e derme, e com grande concentra??o de termina??es nervosas. No presente estudo, os esp?cimes de P. geoffroanus macroscopicamente apresentaram tub?rculos de forma c?nica, raramente pontiagudos, e tamb?m de formato verrucoso, vis?veis na regi?o dorsal e lateral desde a parte anterior at? a parte posterior do pesco?o, n?o estando presentes na regi?o ventral do pesco?o, que apresenta ranhuras, estrias e depress?es da epiderme. No presente estudo n?o foram observadas diferen?as morfol?gicas e histol?gicas em rela??o aos tub?rculos quando comparados por sexo. Em H. maximiliani os tub?rculos est?o distribu?dos de forma irregular nas regi?es laterais e dorsais do pesco?o, estando ausentes na regi?o da cabe?a e na regi?o ventral do pesco?o. Apresentam formato pontiagudo e de tabuleiro, diferente do que foi observado nos esp?cimes de P. geoffroanus. Os tub?rculos presentes nas duas esp?cies estudadas s?o diferentes em termos macrosc?picos, mas todos apresentam uma disposi??o aleat?ria e est?o tamb?m ausentes na regi?o ventral do pesco?o. Para os dois tipos de anexos do tegumento (tub?rculos, barbelas) analisados nesse estudo, verificou-se que n?o existe diferen?a entre os sexos.

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