丁寶蓮. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學硏究院地理學部. / (Reprint cops. 2 &3; 33 cm.) of manuscript. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 167-177). / Ding Baolian. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yan jiu yuan di li xue bu. / Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 / 研究目的 --- p.1 / 區域化的意義及在都市問題上的應用 --- p.2 / 地理上的意義 --- p.3 / 都市地理上的意義 --- p.3 / 行政上的意思　 --- p.4 / 小結 --- p.5 / 研究範圍 --- p.6 / 注釋 --- p.8 / Chapter 第二章 --- 文章檢讀 / 區域化的意義 --- p.9 / 地理學上區域的定義 --- p.9 / 區域的類型 --- p.12 / 區域化的原則 --- p.17 / 區域化的程序 --- p.21 / 都市問題與區域化 --- p.24 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究方法 / 資料選取 --- p.32 / 基本面積單位之選取 --- p.32 / 變數之選取 --- p.37 / 資料搜集方法及處理 --- p.40 / 資料搜集及處理程序 --- p.42 / 資料整理 --- p.43 / 統計分析 --- p.43 / 因子分析法´ؤ´ؤ開始階段 --- p.44 / 聚集分析法´ؤ´ؤ組合階段 --- p.48 / 判別分析法´ؤ´ؤ檢查階段 --- p.52 / 區界線之劃定 --- p.57 / 注釋 --- p.58 / Chapter 第四章 --- 因子分析結果 / 因子分析法的意義 --- p.59 / 因子分析法種類之選取　 --- p.62 / 因子分析結果及其含意 --- p.69 / 第一個因子及其含意 --- p.69 / 第二個因子及其含意　 --- p.70 / 第三個因子及其含意　 --- p.71 / 第四個因子及其含意　 --- p.72 / 各因子的空間形態 --- p.73 / Chapter 第五章 --- 聚集分析結果 / 運用聚集分析法之意義　　　　 --- p.86 / 具有毗鄰性限制的聚集分析　　 --- p.87 / 小結 --- p.99 / Chapter 第六章 --- 判別分析結果 / 使用判別分析法的目的 --- p.100 / 判別分析的結果 --- p.102 / 以一般聚集分析結果（沒有毗鄰性限制）作為輸入資料 --- p.102 / 香港島判別分析結果　 --- p.105 / 九龍及新九龍的判別　 --- p.117 / 分析 / 結論 --- p.129 / 香港島分區劃分情形　 --- p.129 / 九龍及新九龍分區劃分情形 --- p.133 / Chapter 第七章 --- 分析及討論 / 分析空間內涵的意義及準則　　 --- p.137 / 總結 --- p.148 / Chapter 第八章 --- 總論 / 研究限制 --- p.151 / 研究展望 --- p.154 / 研究要點重申 --- p.160 / 詞匯 --- p.163 / 參考文獻 --- p.167

Chan Chi Hang Raymond. / "Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 1998-99, design report." / Prelude / Introduction / Machine / Concept of Reading: Relationship of Text and Architectural Issues / Analysis / Internal Transformation: the【changing-state】 machine / External Transformation: the [molding] machine / “Adventure first …´ح [again] / "Depicting a trip, in search for a【site】" / The Trip 一 6 minutes 6 sites 7 situations 7 strips 1 trip

With the high populations of the Qiang people (羌) living in Maoxian County (茂縣), Wenchuan (汶川), Li county (理縣)& Beichuan County (北川); the geomorphology and natural ecological environment were serious damaged in "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake. Many of the villages were destroyed or severely damaged; it brought a huge casualties and losses to the Qiang cultural. Natural ecosystems through natural and artificial repair after a certain period can make basic recovery. As a historical legacy of the Qiang village, due to the seismic requirement and the changed of modern life living standard, it is hard to rebuild the entire intangible cultural heritage. It is a very complex and important to focus on the content of the cultural reconstruction of Qiang’s community. Among most of the cultural rebuilt projects were most likely set up a new cultural museum or a cultural center to conserve the minority groups tangible heritage. This is a very passive way to display the Qiang’s traditional heritage. As time changes and technology advancement, Qiang people are not living isolated to the outer world. In another hand, they share and receive information from other ethnic such as Han and Tibetan. The county street market is the best place for them to interact with other group of people besides selling goods for living improvement. This thesis confers Qiang people’s traditional culture heritage and their community evolution to redevelop a new streetscape for local market and public leisure purpose. Taking the chance of develop from earthquake, up to 50% of the street side building can be demolished and partially refurnish. With landscape planning and design, this street will be reset and provide a enhance environment as a multi-cultural sharing platform. / published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Landscape Architecture

Hong Kong’s extremely high density has mesmerised many outsiders for years. Through the devastations of the World War II to the influx of immigration from the Mainland China, Hong Kong has managed to build a remarkable city within the severely limited land mass and inhospitable topography. Hong Kong’s skyscrapers sores into the sky, leaving crevasses of spaces between towers for people and vehicles to flow through. In the Central Business District, elevated walkway connections hovers and criss-crosses every major roads, moving thousands of people on a daily bases. Some people descend into the CBD by hopping on hill-side escalator from nearby residential area of Mid-Levels. Seemingly chaotic yet orderly typical scene of Hong Kong’s CBD is enough to intimidate first timers to Hong Kong. Add flying cars and people in futuristic suits, it will be enough to resemble those images of future envisaged by film makers and architects from the early 20th century. The vertical city of Hong Kong has emerged as one of the first embryonic volumetric cities in the world. Hong Kong continues to defy the conventional Western beliefs in urban planning and development establishing itself as an efficient, vibrant and safe urban model with an extreme density. Yet, the city’s experience remains peripheral to the mainstream debates despite many lessons to be learned from Hong Kong as more cities aspire to intensify in an attempt to establish sustainable living. The reasons for this can be attributed to the general lack of evidence-based research on Hong Kong’s model, especially in vertical urbanism, as well as the reluctance to adapt higher density living in the West, shrouded by grossly misunderstood notions of density. This research begins by demystifying the (mis)understandings of density using Hong Kong as an example and attempts to decode the complexity of Hong Kong’s urban model. The research does this by developing and applying a quantifiable tool – the Volumetric Study - to assess and analyse the current practice of building in Hong Kong and to identify the emerging condition of multiple ground. The complexities of vertical and/or volumetric living are assessed using readily available data and simple field work. It is hoped that the Volumetric Study offers insight into the understanding of how existing buildings operate as well as providing potential guidance for future improvements and development. / published_or_final_version / Architecture / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Landscape Architecture

A just city is what urban planning should be fighting for. In Chinese cities, however, spatial justice has been seriously overlooked in many aspects of urban development. Using the theoretical framework devised with spatial justice theories, urban power structure, and the theories and practices of urban renewal and housing for migrants in developed countries, this dissertation has evaluated the impacts of urban planning and urban policies on the housing for migrant workers. A case study of the redevelopment project of Liede Village in Guangzhou has been conducted to illustrate the scenario. Findings show that the policies and planning have brought together the government, the market, and the village, making them the core of the growth coalition, and marginalizing the migrant workers in the situation of the redevelopment of urban villages in Guangzhou. This alliance, aiming for growth, has helped commoditize the space reproduced during the process. The commoditization of land and housing is driving up the value of the properties. Migrant workers with limited income and rural Hukou status can only move to other villages. While Guangzhou is planning to redevelop nearly all the urban villages within the city core, migrant workers have to migrate to places where is far from the city center to seek for affordable housing, completing a migration pattern from the city center to the edge. It is concluded that the spatial injustice in the problem of the urban villages in Guangzhou has not been solved with the redevelopment. In contrast, it is exacerbated by urban planning and urban policies. A more inclusive, peopleoriented planning approach as well as other institutional changes is required for promoting spatial justice in Chinese cities. / published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Design / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

The research of traditional Chinese urban dwellings mainly focuses on the dwelling forms in large cities, like Beijing and Guangzhou. The urban form and architectural typology in prefectural level cities (Zhou 州 and Fu 府cities in history) are generally overlooked. The city of Chaozhou (潮州), a typical southern Chinese prefectural city, has large areas of well-preserved urban fabric constituted of courtyard houses with unique local characteristics. However, a thorough study of its urban forms and architecture is yet to be explored. This thesis aims to explore the relation between dwelling form and urban fabric in Chaozhou’s historical district, and to look into the elements of urban fabric in Chaozhou, including the shaping of urban structure, sub-dimension of urban blocks, the location of houses within urban blocks, and the way that houses are arranged. The urban fabric of Chaozhou is examined at four levels. First, the transformation of urban structure and public space is represented based on the analysis of primary sources. Second, a typological approach is adopted in this thesis to analyze the urban fabric and traditional dwelling forms based on the field study in “Yi xing jia (义兴甲)” Historical Conservation Area of Chaozhou. The dwelling units are categorized into 14 types, according to the layout and scale of the courtyard houses. The survey and illustration of courtyard dwellings has been done with the help of open-ended interviews. Third, the relation between dwelling form and plot pattern is carefully examined, and a set of modules that control and influence the urban fabric and dwelling forms are analyzed through maping. Finally, the transformation of dwelling forms in Chaozhou from imperial China to the Republic era is reviewed, through the comparison between courtyard houses of Chaozhou and Beijing, as well as urban dwelling and rural dwelling. The findings of this study prove firstly that the shaping of Chaozhou city’s form is a process of natural growth and a result of planning, which leads to the irregular urban blocks with an organic pattern, and also the regular urban blocks with a grid pattern. Secondly, a clear module of urban fabric in Chaozhou controls the depth of urban blocks and the dimension of plots, and ultimately affects the choice of dwelling forms within the urban blocks. This research argues that three elements of urban forms (urban block, plot pattern and dwelling form) have interrelationship with each other. Fundamentally, all the plot patterns and dwelling forms are constrained by the block sizes. Streets changed very little, and as a result, the traditional residential fabric has remained through the long-history of socio-economic upheavals in Chaozhou. Finally, Chaozhou has developed a variety of residential building types, and this variety has been shaped over a long historical process. Several original dwelling types were largely determined by the socio-economic condition of the householder and the original land divisions. During the early modern time, with the introduction of modern building materials and technology, as well as the influence of overseas cultures, Chaozhou’s dwelling types transformed in several ways, adopting more free layout and forms / published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Philosophy

The Greater Pearl River Delta (GPRD) region in China has been dramatically changing since the economic reform in the late 1970s. The ‘front shop back factory’ model of industrialisation and urbanisation between Hong Kong and the hinterland cities in the region had resulted in the significant economic success, which albeit encountered several bottleneck problems. To tackle them, a new development pattern seems emerging, with more focuses on balanced growth and regional synergy in accordance with industrial upgrading towards the knowledge-intensive economy. Through the review of related literature, the research on the new pattern is linked with various classical theories and developmental concepts in the fields of industrial geography, technological innovation, as well as urban and regional planning and development. It reveals that these theories and concepts would contribute to the transition of GPRD’s industrialisation and urbanisation. Moreover, it is indicated that the concept of ‘technopole’ and its planning and development can contribute to this new pattern of urban and regional growth under current circumstances. To study the new pattern, the author conducts a detailed case study on Shenzhen, a planned city in the region with a short development history and successful economic growth attributed to economic reform. Based on a qualitative effort of data collection through secondary-data and documentary research, the study employs multiple methods for the description, interpretation, and deduction of the case, towards the understanding on three key research themes: new growth pattern (balanced development and regional synergy), urban and regional planning, and technopole development. The case study aims to fill in the gaps between Western theories and their application in China, and build connections between academic exploration and real practice. The planning and development history of Shenzhen and an overview of the city’s technopole development are documented, which illustrate a picture of industrialisation, urbanisation, and technological development in the study area. The evolution of growth centres and their contribution to the city’s growth trajectory are also analysed. At the same time, three typical technopoles of the city, namely, the Shenzhen High-tech Industrial Park (SHIP), the Huaqiangbei area, and the Overseas Chinese Town (OCT), are taken into examination, leading to categories of findings: spatial establishment, development pattern, and key characteristics of innovative milieux. Through the case study of Shenzhen and its technopoles, the research came to a conclusion in three aspects. First, the linkages between Western theories and their application in China are identified, which provide a feasible theoretical support for the new development pattern. Second, progress in planning and development system is concluded in accordance with the transition of the city and the evolution of the growth centres, which is expected to facilitate better understanding and implementation of the new pattern. Third, key issues of planning and making of technopoles are summarized based on the case of Shenzhen, leading to suggestions on possible improvement for future development. / published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Design / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Chinese cities have been experiencing significant growth and profound socioeconomic transition since late 1970’s. Reform and development on institution arrangement for land, which is one of the basic production elements, have been the core issue for the strategies of establishing market economy and urbanization. Land banking was a mechanism initiated in western European cities for directing urban development in early 1900’s. Under this mechanism land is resumed by public authorized organizations and will be held for future use to implement public land use policies. Some Chinese cities began their own land banking operation in the 1990’s. After nearly 20 years of introduction of land banking mechanism to China most of the cities and counties are now practicing this mechanism in their land management and supply framework. This study attempts to explore land banking mechanism and its effects on urban development comprehensively in lights of theories of new institutional economics and urban spatial structure applying the diachronic public policy analytical framework. Guangzhou, the third largest city and the first city to practice land banking mechanism, is taken as the study area. Spatial data for land supply records since introduction of land banking mechanism are collected and processed with GIS software. Archives in Guangzhou Construction Archive covering the land development and planning administration in Guangzhou were studied to facilitate in-depth understanding of the mechanism. Related statistics data, regulations, planning proposals, internal reports and were obtained to facilitate this study. Review on evolution of land banking mechanism in China and comparison of related regulations at state and local levels argue that the introduction of land banking mechanism into China has lead to institutional changes in the land development process by integrating western experience and local characteristics. Applying empirical transaction costs analysis on institutional models of major land supply mechanisms in China, this research illustrated that land banking mechanism has resulted in re-distribution of transaction costs of the land supply process, which reduces the transaction costs from the perspective land use right (LUR) users. However, for a specific case of land supply, overall transaction costs would increase under land banking mechanism compared to other land supply mechanisms. Exploration on data collected through GIS analysis illustrated that land banking mechanism strengthens city government’s capacity to instruct changes in both macro level urban form and micro level built environment. Analysis on statistics data and budgetary reports of Guangzhou Municipal Government demonstrates that with land banking mechanism gains of LUR conveyance are providing supplement income for the city government, which is approximately 30% of the traditional tax-based fiscal income. Financing values of Guangzhou city’s land bank are developed by land banking loans and establishment of the urban development financing platform. Supplement fiscal income and financing values of land banking greatly improve local governments’ leading role in urbanization process mainly through investment on urban infrastructures. Case study on evolution of Liede village under land banking mechanism illustrates that different land development process and changes of urban form have also lead to rearrangement of socio spatial structure such as significant changes in residential spatial changes. / published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Design / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Urban social movements become one of the major forms of participation of urban governance of the public in recent years. Social values changed dramatically after the handover that people started to concern their right to the city. They demand for more power and influence in the formulation of urban policies and development strategy. However, urban governance in Hong Kong did not change with the time and resisted changes. This thus widened the gap of urban meaning between the formal government and the public. The conflict of their urban meanings thus led to urban social movement which aim to transform the urban governance. This also reinforce by the presence of new media in the mobilization of the movement. This dissertation aims to investigate how the changes of social values affect the conflict of urban meaning between urban actors and the impact on the urban governance in Hong Kong through analysing the framing of activists and urban managers. Choi Yuen Village Incident is chosen as case study to examine how different urban actors frame the issue and the implied urban meaning in the framing. This would reveal the conflict of urban meaning and the root of the occurrence of urban social movements in Hong Kong. / published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Design / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning