The thesis provides a comprehensive overview of key issues affecting practice, policy and patients, in current efforts for colorectal cancer (CRC) disease control. The global burden of CRC is expected to increase by 60% to more than 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths by 2030. CRC incidence and mortality rates vary up to 10-fold worldwide, which is thought to reflect variation in lifestyles, especially diet. Better primary prevention, and more effective early detection, in screening and surveillance, are needed to reduce the number of patients with CRC in future1. The risk factors for CRC development include genetic, behavioural, environmental and socio-economic factors. Changes to surveillance, which offer non-invasive testing and provide primary prevention interventions represent promising opportunities to improve outcomes and personalise care in those at risk of CRC. By systematic review of the literature, I highlight the gaps in comparative effectiveness analyses of post-polypectomy surveillance. Using micro-simulation methods I assess the role of non-invasive, faecal immunochemical testing in surveillance programmes, to optimise post-polypectomy surveillance programmes, and in an accompanying sub-study, I explore the value of adding an adjunct diet and lifestyle intervention. The acceptability of such revisions is exposed to patient preference evaluation by discrete choice experiment methods. These preferences are accompanied by evidence generated from the prospective evaluation of the health literacy, numeracy, sedentary behaviour levels, body mass index (BMI) and information provision about cancer risk factors, to highlight the potential opportunities for personalisation and optimisation of surveillance. Additional analysis examines the optimisation of a screening programme facing colonoscopy constraints, highlighting the attendant potential to reduce costs and save lives within current capacity.

Avhandlingen beskriver och analyserar hur frågor kring tillgänglighet/handikapp för första gången aktualiserades och implementerades i planeringen och utformningen av den byggda miljön i Aten, nämligen processen i samband med beslut, planering och implementering av jätteprojektet Atens Metro. Studien tecknar framväxten av olika handikapporganisationer, som från att ha varit svaga aktörer successivt lyckades få gehör för sina krav inom stadens förvaltning, politiska organ, den grekiska riksdagen och inte minst inom de företag som byggde metrosystemet. Avhandlingen diskuterar hur handikapporganisationer och metrosystemet växte fram och påverkade varandra, hur viktiga forum för att diskutera/problematisera olika perspektiv på handikapp skapades där aktörsgrupper med delvis olika intressen förde fram sina ståndpunkter och förhandlade samt vilka konkreta avtryck som dessa processer ledde till i form av en - slutligen - handikappvänlig teknisk konfiguration av metrosystemet. Studien knyter också an till den europeiska diskussionen, bl.a. inom EU, kring handikapp och vilken betydelse som denna diskussion hade för det framväxande metroprojektet, inte minst inför Atens OS-värdskap 2004. Avhandlingen tar sin teoretiska utgångspunkt i dels samhällsvetenskapliga teknik- och vetenskapsstudier, dels "disability studies". / The idea of building a metro network in Athens dates back to the 1950s. It took almost fifty years for the Greek government to develop plans, secure funds and to carry out an effective procurement process for the construction of the Athens metro. In February 1987 the government announced an invitation to tender for the design and construction of the metro. Thirteen years later, in January 2000 the first two lines began operation. The construction of the metro consisted of numerous preliminary studies, different public organizations which dealt with its development and several controversies concerning its design. One of these controversies referred to the issue whether the metro would be accessible to disabled people or not. Integrating accessibility provisions in the metro design constituted a controversial issue where different actors argued and acted for and against its implementation. This study describes and analyses the process of making the metro accessible. The analysis focuses on how questions regarding accessibility/disability were actualized for the first time in the planning and design of the Greek built environment and in particular on the process of building the biggest and most complicated infrastructure project in Greece, the Athens metro. At the same time, the study describes the evolution of disability organizations in Greece: they changed from being weak actors who were unable to influence socio-political configurations to actors that successively gained attention within the public administration, political organs, the Greek Parliament and the company that constructed the metro. The study discusses how disability organizations and the metro were developed and influenced each other and how important forums, where several actors with diverse interests problematized and produced different perspectives on disability, were initiated. These forums constituted public spaces within the public administration and eventually contributed to the construction of an accessible metro network. The analysis is also connected to Athens hosting of the Olympic and Paralympic Games of 2004 which created increasing demands for constructing an accessible built environment, including the metro. Furthermore, the study also draws upon the discussion within the EU on disability and on which kind of consequences this discussion implied for the developing metro. The theoretical basis for this study is located at the intersection of two broad fields, namely science and technology studies (S&TS) and disability studies.

Submitted by Rodrigo Kopke Salinas (rksalinas@uol.com.br) on 2016-10-11T14:01:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Depositada.pdf: 2201041 bytes, checksum: 0c0a56b72cfd85a3af79275bdefb1100 (MD5) / Rejected by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br), reason: Rodrigo, boa tarde Para que possamos aceitar seu trabalho junto à biblioteca, será necessário realizar alguns ajustes. Segue abaixo: Na capa: Retirar a acentuação do nome Getúlio. Retirar Mestrado Profissional que consta abaixo do nome da Escola. Na contra capa: Constar somente o nome da sua orientadora (Prof. Monica), a segunda opção de orientador não se aplica aos Mestrados Profissionais. Na folha de assinaturas: Incluir o nome de todos os professores participantes de sua banca (que foram 4 membros) Na página dos agradecimentos: Incluir o título AGRADECIMENTOS. Após alterações, realizar uma nova submissão. Grata. on 2016-10-11T17:41:28Z (GMT) / Submitted by Rodrigo Kopke Salinas (rksalinas@uol.com.br) on 2016-10-12T15:38:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Depositada Corrigida.pdf: 2176319 bytes, checksum: dfa8905aaada81b58aa60e93118e71ad (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2016-10-13T16:21:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Depositada Corrigida.pdf: 2176319 bytes, checksum: dfa8905aaada81b58aa60e93118e71ad (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T17:16:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão Depositada Corrigida.pdf: 2176319 bytes, checksum: dfa8905aaada81b58aa60e93118e71ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-09 / This work investigates the audiovisual co-production agreements in the context of a network of connected contracts. The investigation is grounded on a specific concept of contractual networks. In the legal structures of audiovisual production one may observe two distinct levels of contractual connections, one of them more intense and the other one less intense. The level of more intense connections, which corresponds to the contractual arrangements for financing, may be explained by the concept of contractual networks. In the stage of financing the paradox between competition and cooperation displays its largest intensity. We investigate whether there is a normative concept of coproduction as well as which is the anatomy of the coproduction contract. We describe the legislative history of the statutes that introduced the coproduction concept in Brazil. We consider the coproduction contract as cooperative in its nature as opposed to a bilateral arrangement. We identify the following essential elements of the coproduction contract: the separation of obligations for producing the common audiovisual work as well as the sharing of benefits and control on the coproduced work. The copyright on an audiovisual work means a share on the work’s control – the distribution rights – and a split of revenues – the sharing of economic benefits. Audiovisual production results in copyrights of a diverse range of artistic works, which entails distinct economic values with respect to the coproduced audiovisual work itself, and this dynamics has influence on the coproduction contracts. We classify the copyrights according to their economic function and importance to the co-production contracts. Tensions are conflicting situations between coproducers caused by inherent contradictions of the economic networks. We analyze tensions resulting from (i) sharing of control and benefits among co-producers of the co-produced audiovisual works; (ii) liability in case of contractual default as well as recovery of damages; (iii) statutory asymmetries of copyright protection. We examine contractual clauses whose design may either intensify or calm down tensions. In conclusion we provide recommendations for the design of contractual clauses and regulations that can mitigate, control or manage possible tensions in co-production contracts. / Este trabalho investiga o contrato de coprodução audiovisual no contexto de uma rede contratual. O trabalho se baseia num conceito específico de redes contratuais. Na estruturação jurídica da produção audiovisual é possível observar dois níveis distintos de coligação contratual, um mais intenso e outro menos intenso. O nível de coligação contratual mais intenso, que corresponde aos arranjos contratuais para o financiamento à produção, pode ser explicado pelo conceito de redes contratuais. Na etapa de financiamento à produção audiovisual o paradoxo entre competir e cooperar assume a sua maior intensidade. Investigamos se há um conceito normativo de coprodução e o desenho da anatomia do contrato de coprodução. Descrevemos a história legislativa das normas que introduzem a coprodução no Brasil. Consideramos que o contrato de coprodução é um contrato cooperativo e não bilateral. Identificamos como elementos essenciais do contrato de coprodução: a divisão das responsabilidades para a realização da obra comum e o compartilhamento dos benefícios e do controle sobre a obra audiovisual coproduzida. Os direitos autorais sobre uma obra audiovisual resultam na divisão de controle sobre a obra – o exercício dos direitos de distribuição – e na divisão das receitas – o compartilhamento dos resultados econômicos. A produção audiovisual produz direitos autorais sobre obras artísticas variadas, os quais terão valor econômico distinto em relação ao direito autoral sobre a obra audiovisual coproduzida, e essa dinâmica irá se refletir no desenho dos contratos de coprodução. Classificamos esses direitos autorais de acordo com a sua função econômica e importância para os contratos de coprodução. As tensões são situações de conflito entre os coprodutores causadas pelas contradições inerentes aos arranjos econômicos em rede. Analisamos as tensões decorrentes de (i) compartilhamento de controle e benefícios dos coprodutores sobre as obras audiovisuais coproduzidas; (ii) responsabilidade em caso de inadimplemento e reparação de danos; (iii) assimetrias legislativas quanto à proteção de direitos autorais. Examinamos cláusulas contratuais cujo desenho pode agravar as tensões ou mitigá-las. Em conclusão, realizamos recomendações para o desenho de cláusulas contratuais e de regulação que podem mitigar, administrar ou controlar possíveis tensões.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-01T19:18:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elaine1.pdf: 68069 bytes, checksum: cd260d38deaa4ba74891474ac9c74d01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present dissertation reports a study performed in the Social Organizations of Itajaí Region, Santa Catarina, aiming to identify these entities contributions in the implementation of Working and Income Policies. The Third Sector Organizations have broaden their acting in modern societies. First, through the overture given by the State to formalize these actions, that have being executed since long ago by individuals around a common cause. Second, by the human being's need of giving sense to its work; by its incessant search for happiness through collectivity. However, there is not sedimented management way in this ambient. The knowledgement in these fields are built and rebuilt each day, characterizing into constant dilemma to the researchers' eyes. Allied to this conjuncture is the growing worry of the public managers in visualizing the public policies as a cycle whose effectivity depends on a range of distinct actors. For that, the predominant values in the Public Administration need new delineation. The New Public Service appears then as a theoretical framework in construction, based on values of citizenship, dialogue, citizen participation, spirit and public interest. From an understanding about the Social Organizations, the Third Sector, the Public Policies, the Social Nets and the Co-production of Public Services; it is defined the conceptual map that guides the research application. It is a descriptive research, with a qualitative/quantitative approach, performed in eight social organizations of Itajaí Region, which execute actions vinculated to the Working and Income Policies. The data was collected through a questionnaire and, when needed, a complementary interview, within the period of November, 2008 January, 2009. The data was treated and analysed from the conceptual map, integrated to the emergent variables along the research application. The organizations were analysed concerning to the Accountability, Citizenship, Dialogue, Public Spirit, Citizen Participation, Decentralization, Shared Leadership, Motivation, Roles Definition, Shared Objectives, Trust and Continued Learning. It is verifyed that the researched social organizations' contributions are directly related to the space they provide to the citizens to co-produce actions turned to specific demands in their communities, constituting favourable arranges to the essential elements for the construction of new management ways based in the New Public Service. However, the analyzed net presents embryonic characteristics related to the broaden perspectives of actuation that the arrange of net offers. It is the Public Administrators' concern to act in this ambient in a way to potentiate the social capital available, aiming to reach better results in the public policies implementation / A presente dissertação relata um estudo aplicado nas organizações sociais da Região de Itajaí, Santa Catarina, visando identificar as contribuições dessas entidades na implementação de políticas de Trabalho e Renda. As organizações do Terceiro Setor têm ampliado sua atuação nas sociedades modernas. Primeiro, pela abertura dada pelo Estado para a formalização dessas ações, que há muito são executadas por indivíduos reunidos em torno de uma causa comum. Segundo, pela necessidade do ser humano dar sentido ao seu trabalho; pela sua incessante busca pela felicidade por meio da coletividade. Entretanto, não há forma de gestão sedimentada nesse ambiente. A cada dia, os saberes nesse campo são construídos e reconstruídos, caracterizando-se em consta tes dilemas aos olhos dos pesquisadores. Aliada a essa conjuntura, está a crescente preocupação dos gestores públicos em visualizar a política pública como um ciclo, cuja efetividade depende de uma gama de atores distintos. Para isso, os valores predominantes na Administração Pública necessitam de novas delineações. O Novo Serviço Público surge, então, como um arcabouço teórico em construção pautado em valores de cidadania, diálogo, participação cidadã, espírito e interesse público. Partindo de um entendimento sobre as Organizações Sociais, o Terceiro Setor, as Políticas Públicas, as Redes Sociais e a Coprodução dos Serviços Públicos; é definido o mapa conceitual que norteia a aplicação da pesquisa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualiquantitativa, realizada em oito organizações sociais da Região de Itajaí que executam ações vinculadas às políticas de Trabalho e Renda. Os dados foram coletados por meio de aplicação de questionário e entrevista complementar, quando necessário, no período entre Novembro/2008 a Janeiro/2009. Os dados foram tratados e analisados a partir do mapa conceitual, integrado às variáveis emergentes no decorrer da aplicação da pesquisa. As organizações foram analisadas quanto às variáveis de Accoutability, Cidadania, Diálogo, Espírito Público, Interesse Público, Participação Cidadão, Descentralização, Liderança Compartilhada, Motivação, Definição de Papéis, Objetivos Compartilhados, Confiança e Aprendizagem Continuada. Verifica-se que as contribuições das organizações sociais pesquisadas estão diretamente relacionadas ao espaço que elas proporcionam aos cidadãos para co-produzirem ações voltadas às demandas específicas de suas comunidades, constituindo-se em arranjos favoráveis aos elementos essenciais para a construção de novas formas de gestão fundamentadas no Novo Serviço Público. No entanto, a rede analisada apresenta características embrionárias relacionadas às amplas perspectivas de atuação que o arranjo de rede oferece. Cabe aos Administradores Públicos atuarem nesse ambiente de forma a potencializar o capital social disponível, visando o alcance de melhores resultados na implementação de políticas públicas

Cette thèse interroge les effets combinés des enjeux d’un urbanisme durable et d’un impératif participatif grandissant des habitants – usagers – citoyens, dans le cadre de la fabrication métropolitaine contemporaine. Depuis le début des années 2000, des expériences alternatives d’habitat émergent en France sous l’impulsion de revendications sociales portées par la société civile. Le terme générique d’« habitat participatif », définit récemment par la loi pour l’Accès au Logement et à un Urbanisme Négocié (ALUR), publiée au Journal Officiel le 26 mars 2014, rassemble ainsi d’une même voix la variété de ces initiatives à l’œuvre, contribuant à pérenniser les dynamiques de structuration et de diffusion d’un mouvement de l’habitat participatif. Faisant référence aux expressions citoyennes contestataires des années 1970-1980, avec la critique d’un urbanisme moderne et des politiques publiques, les projets actuels marquent la renaissance des questionnements autour de la place de la maîtrise d’usage – incarnée par les habitants-usagers – dans la chaîne de production des logements et, plus largement, dans les processus décisionnels d’aménagement des territoires. Porteuse de pratiques participatives innovantes, la résurgence de l’habitat participatif révèle des logiques diverses d’engagements citoyens, militants ou professionnels, et des formes négociées de fabrication de l’habitat. Dès lors, s’opposent des dynamiques « bottom-up » – illustrées par des demandes et des initiatives habitantes, et des dynamiques « top-down » – portées par des instances politico-institutionnelles en plein renouvellement de leurs modes d’action et savoir-faire. Supportée par une trame multidimensionnelle de négociations, la thèse propose alors une analyse des interactions et des formes d’hybridation de cette production collective en cours à travers trois dimensions : la dimension valorielle, pour fixer le socle des transactions sociales ; la dimension organisationnelle et relationnelle, pour observer la micropolitique des groupes-projets ; la dimension processuelle, pour saisir les temporalités du projet et les moments clés de la négociation sur l’ensemble du processus. Pour cela, nous nous appuyons sur deux cas d’étude dans l’agglomération bordelaise, en pleine métropolisation : le cas de la coopérative d’habitants HNord, sur l’îlot Dupaty à Bordeaux ; et celui d’un projet d’habitat participatif multi-partenarial, La Ruche, sur la commune de Bègles au sein de l’Opération d’Intérêt National (OIN) Bordeaux-Euratlantique. Encadrée par un dispositif CIFRE avec l’Etablissement Public d’Aménagement Bordeaux-Euratlantique (EPA), la recherche repose sur une approche ethnographique, basée sur de nombreuses situations d’observation participante, des entretiens d’acteurs cibles et une analyse documentaire. Les enquêtes menées à différentes échelles offrent une vision macro, méso et microsociale des processus de production et de diffusion de l’habitat participatif. Les résultats de la thèse mettent alors en évidence les modalités de partenariats entre différentes sphères d’acteurs – les habitants, les institutions et les experts – dans la production de l’habitat participatif conduisant à un changement de paradigme sociétal et professionnel à travers le renouvellement des modes d’habiter, des savoirs et savoir-faire. Ainsi, nous proposons une réflexion sur les moyens et possibilités d’intégration de cette dynamique collective et citoyenne au sein des processus décisionnels d’aménagement urbain pour la fabrication métropolitaine et, de voir en quoi ce phénomène participatif et collaboratif peut-il constituer un outil de management territorial novateur préfigurant le futur de nos cités. / This PhD thesis questions the combined effects of the challenges of sustainable urban development and a growing priority for inhabitants – users – citizens, to participate in contemporary metropolitan production. Since the early 2000s, there is in France an emergence of alternative housing experiences as a result of social demands. The generic term of « participative housing », recently defined by the bill for access to housing and urban renovation (ALUR), published in the Official Journal on March 26, 2014, gathers with one voice, the variety of these initiatives at work, contributing to ensure the dynamic structuring and dissemination of the participative housing movement. Referring to the civil protests of 1970-1980, criticizing modern urban planning and public policy, the current projects tackle once again of how to combine the inhabitants expertise with professional expertise in the production of housing, and more broadly in the decision-making processes of regional planning. Producing innovative participatory practices, the resurgence of participative housing reveals different logics of social commitments on the part of citizens, activists and professionals, and negotiated forms of housing production. As a consequence, the « bottom-up » dynamic, based on the demands and initiatives of the inhabitants, opposes the « top-down » dynamic, based on the initiative of politico-institutional bodies in full renewal of their modes of action and know-how. Supported by a multi-dimensional framework of negotiations, the thesis analyzes the interactions and forms of hybridization of this ongoing collective production through a three dimensional approach : the value related dimension, to set the base of social transactions ; the organizational and relational dimension to observe the micro-political groups-projects ; the procedural dimension to grasp the temporality of the project and the key moments of negotiation of the whole process. For this, we build on two case studies in the Bordeaux area, being subject to processes of metropolization : the case of the residents cooperative HNord in the Dupaty housing block in Bordeaux ; and the multi-partnered participative housing project, La Ruche, in the town of Bègles within the framework of the « Operation of National Interest » (OIN) Bordeaux-Euratlantique. Governed by a CIFRE program with the « Local Planning and Development authority » (EPA) Bordeaux-Euratlantique, the research is based on an ethnographic approach : participant observation, interviews with target stakeholders and a literature review. The investigations conducted at different scales offer a macro, meso and micro-social understanding of the process of participative housing production and dissemination. The results of the thesis highlight the partnership conditions between different groups of stakeholders – inhabitants, institutions and expertsn – in the production of participative housing leading to a societal and professional paradigm shift through a renewal of ways of living, knowledge and expertise. Thus, we propose a reflection on ways and possibilities how to integrate this collective and civic dynamics in the decision-making processes of urban planning for metropolitan production and to see how this participatory and collaborative phenomenon can serve as an innovative tool in territorial management for our future cities.

The subject of this diploma thesis is the involvement of users of psychiatric care in the process of planning and realization of psychiatric care reform at the macro level of policy making. The aim of the research is to describe and understand this involvement. In the research are describer possibilities of participation in the phases of involvement, its form, purpose, formal regulation of opportunities, expectations of respondents, perceived power and barriers in involvement. The data was collected during interviews with key actors and studies of relevant documents. The results relate to the theoretical concepts of coproduction, patient-oriented care, strategic and human rights documents (the Convention on the Human Rights of People with Disabilities). The element of power is described through the typology of Sherry Arnstein's participation ladder. Evidence of interviews indicates elements of tokenism and disadvantages. There is a low (one-person) representation of users in reform bodies, lack of time for discussion in consultative bodies, lack of information and lack of capacity (people, time, resources) for greater development of patient organizations. Respondents have identified barriers as the socio-economic situation, lack of capacity for macro-level involvement, mental health constraints or...

The study analyzes the largely understudied cinematic cooperation between Czechoslovakia and Cuba in the first decade following the Cuban Revolution. It is based mostly on archival documents from the former Central Directorship of Czechoslovak State Film, the ministry of education and culture and the ministry of foreign affairs. Several chapters also draw from oral history, data collected from series of interviews with Cuban technicians and artists who have worked in Cuban cinema since the 1960s as well as Czechoslovak experts who worked at the Cuban Institute of Cinematographic Arts and Industries in the 1960s. The Cuban Institute of Cinematographic Art and Industry (CICAI), founded in March 1959 shortly after the triumph of the Revolution, faced a shortage of human and material resources since its inception. The film industry, which had been mostly in the hands of the Americans before 1959, lost much personnel due to mass emigration. Later on, due to the American blockade and embargo, it also lost its most important provider of films, material and equipment. The majority of CICAI's technician and artists were just starting and were lacking in technical knowledge required to make films. Czechoslovak State Film (CSF) offered extensive help to Cuban cinema, especially in the area of developing the...