Thesis (Ph.D)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. / Committee Chair: Anderson, David; Committee Member: Dorsey, John; Committee Member: Hasler, Paul; Committee Member: Kang, Sung Ha; Committee Member: Romberg, Justin. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references. Online version available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. / Joy Laskar, Committee Chair ; Manos Tentzeris, Committee Member ; Kevin Kornegay, Committee Member ; Nikil Jayant, Committee Member ; Jianmin Qu, Committee Member. Non-Latin script record

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 92 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-91).

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-146).

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-115). Also available in electronic version.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in electronic version.

A alimentação da criança no primeiro ano de vida é essencial para o crescimento e desenvolvimento adequados. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) recomenda que o aleitamento materno seja exclusivo até os seis meses de vida e que os alimentos complementares sejam introduzidos a partir desta idade. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram estimar a prevalência do aleitamento materno em crianças menores de 1 ano de idade e descrever a alimentação complementar entre as crianças estudadas. O estudo transversal, descritivo abrangeu 821 crianças menores de um ano de idade vacinadas na Segunda Etapa da Campanha Nacional de Vacinação nos Postos de Saúde da cidade de Guarapuava-PR. A coleta dos dados foi realizada com as mães e/ou responsáveis por crianças menores de 1 ano de idade que compareceram aos Postos de Saúde naquela data. O instrumento utilizado nesta pesquisa foi o questionário elaborado e validado pelo Instituto de Saúde da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de São Paulo-SP e parcerias. A análise dos dados deu-se através da análise das freqüências simples de todas as variáveis coletadas. Com relação aos indicadores de aleitamento materno, 68,9% das crianças estavam em aleitamento materno, sendo 86,2% e 39,8% entre crianças menores de 4 e 6 meses, respectivamente. Considerando os indicadores de aleitamento materno exclusivo e predominante, verificou-se que entre as crianças menores de 4 meses foi de 46,4% e 41,4%, respectivamente. Para as crianças menores de 6 meses, verificou-se os seguintes percentuais: 37,3% e 18,9%, respectivamente. Entre as crianças menores de quatro e seis meses, 31,9% e 45,3% estavam recebendo outro tipo de leite que não o humano. Entre as crianças menores ou iguais a 4 meses, 5,1% estavam em alimentação complementar, e entre as menores ou iguais a 6 meses 14% , recebendo chá, água, suco, fruta, sopa de legumes e comida de panela nas últimas 24 horas. Este estudo mostrou que os indicadores de Aleitamento Materno – Aleitamento Materno e Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo estão muito aquém do preconizado pela OMS e que a introdução da alimentação complementar é precoce tanto entre crianças amamentadas como em crianças não amamentadas. / What children eat in the first year of life is essential with a view to adequate growth and development. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding up to six months of age and that complementary foods be introduced from that age onwards. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of breastfeeding among children under 1 year old, as well as to describe the introduction of complementary foods among the children in this study. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was realized among 821 infants under 1 year old who were vaccinated in the Second Phase of the National Vaccination Campaign at Health Centers in Guarapuava-PR, Brazil. Data collection involved the mothers and/or responsibles for infants under 1 year old who came to the Health Centers on that day, using the questionnaire elaborated and validated by the Health Institute of the São Paulo State Health Secretary and its partners. The collected data were subject to simple frequency analysis of all variables. As to breastfeeding indicators, 68.9% of the infants received breastfeeding, with 86.2% and 39.8% of children under 4 and 6 months, respectively. Exclusive and predominant breastfeeding indicators corresponded to 46.4% and 41.4%, respectively, among children under 4 months old, against 37.3% and 18.9% for children under 6 months of age. 31.9% and 45.3% of children under 4 and 6 months old were receiving nonhuman milk. 5.1% of children aged 4 months or older and 14% of those aged 6 months or older received complementary feeding, having consumed tea, water, juice, fruit, vegetable soup and homemade food during the last 24 hours. This study has shown that Breastfeeding – Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding indicators remain much below the levels set by the WHO and that complementary foods are introduced at an early stage for children who are breastfed or not.

A new equivalent circuit of left-handed (LH) microstrip transmission line loaded with Complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) is presented. By adding the magnetic coupling into the equivalent circuit, the new equivalent circuit presents a more accurate cutoff frequency than the old one. The group delay of CSRRs applied with microstrip transmission line (TL) is also studied and analyzed into two cases which are passive CSRRs delay line and active CSRRs delay line. In the first case, the CSRRs TL is analyzed. The group delay can be varied and controlled via signal frequency which does not happen in a normal TL. In the active CSRRs delay line, the CSRRs loaded with TL is fixed. The diodes are added to the model between the strip and CSRRs. By observing a specific frequency at 2.03GHz after bias DC voltages from -10V to -20V, the group delay can be moved from 0.6ns to 5.6ns. A novel microstrip filter is presented by embedding CSRRs on the ground plane of microstrip filter. The filter characteristic is changed from a 300MHz narrowband to a 1GHz wideband as well as suppression the occurrence of previous higher spurious frequency at 3.9GHz. Moreover, a high rejection in the lower band and a low insertion loss of <1dB are achieved.Finally, it is shown that CSRRs applied with planar antenna can reduce the antenna size. The structure is formed by etching CSRRs on the ground side of the patch antenna. The meander line part is also added on the antenna patch to tune the operation frequency from 1.8GHz downward to 1.73GHz which can reduce the antenna size to 74% of conventional patch antennas. By using the previous antenna structure without meander line, this proposed antenna can be tuned for selecting the operation frequency, by embedding a diode connected the position between patch and ground. The results provide 350MHz tuning range with 35MHz bandwidth.

Prediabetes, a condition in which glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes, affects approximately 37% of adults in the United States and is a major public health concern. Extensive research has evaluated the association between physical activity (PA) and type 2 diabetes; however, few studies have examined the association between PA and prediabetes. Therefore, we evaluated the association between PA (including leisure time, occupational and total) and prediabetes status among adults, stratified by gender, using multinomial logistic regression models fit to serial cross-sectional 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. After adjusting for age, race, body mass index, smoking status, family history of hypertension and education, results suggest that the association between leisure time [moderate PA: 0.98 (95% CI: 0.80–1.21); tertile 3: 1.05 (95% CI: 0.75–1.49)] and total PA [tertile 1: 1.15, (95% CI: 0.96–1.38); tertile 2: 1.00, (95% CI: 0.79–1.27); tertile 3: 0.96, (0.77–1.20)] and undiagnosed prediabetes and was not statistically significant among women. However, compared to women who engaged in no occupational PA, engaging in the highest tertile was statistically significantly associated with lower odds of undiagnosed prediabetes [tertile 3: 0.75, (95% CI: 0.58–0.97)]. Compared to men who engaged in no leisure time PA, men engaging in the highest tertile of leisure time PA had a statistically significant lower odds of undiagnosed prediabetes [Tertile 3: 0.79, ( 0.65–0.98)]. Compared to men who did not engage in any PA, men engaging in any PA did not have a statistically significant decrease in odds of undiagnosed prediabetes [tertile 1: 0.90, (0.71–1.16); Tertile 2: 0.93, (0.74–1.18); Tertile 3: 0.99, (0.80–1.21)]. Overall, our results show that for both men and women, there was a general lack of association between leisure-time, occupational, and total physical activity and prediabetes status in adjusted analyses.