Les jeunes contrevenants présentent une forte prévalence de troubles mentaux en comparaison des adolescents de la population générale. Il semble qu’une large partie d’entre eux ne reçoivent pas les services et traitements appropriés à leurs conditions mentales, souvent faute de dépistage. Un outil de dépistage semble s’imposer comme un incontournable aux États-Unis et à travers le monde auprès des jeunes contrevenants : le Massachussets Youth Screening Instrument – second version (MAYSI-2). Une version adaptée pour les francophones du Québec est en usage clinique depuis 2016 mais n’a fait l’objet d’aucune étude de validation jusqu’à présent. L’objectif de notre étude est de valider la structure factorielle de la version francophone pour le Québec du MAYSI-2 à partir des données recueillies au sein d’un échantillon d’adolescents québécois hébergés dans des unités pour jeunes contrevenants (N=962). Pour ce faire nous avons analysé la consistance interne de l’instrument et de ses différentes sous-échelles. Nous avons ensuite procédé à une analyse factorielle confirmatoire afin de tester la structure des dimensions et une analyse factorielle confirmatoire multigroupes afin de tester la robustesse des solutions en fonction du genre (garçon : N= 880 -fille : N= 82) et du statut légal (Loi du système de justice pénale pour adolescents, N = 741 et placement en encadrement intensif, N= 207). Nos résultats indiquent que la consistance interne des échelles est bonne pour cinq des sept échelles (Alpha entre 0,704 et 0,805), satisfaisantes pour l’échelle des expériences traumatiques (Alpha de 0,603) et sous les standards pour l’échelle des troubles de la pensée (Alpha de 0,480). Les résultats de l’analyse factorielle confirmatoire indiquent que l’adéquation du modèle factoriel à sept facteurs est au-delà des critères de satisfaction (erreur type de l’approximation (RMSEA) = 0,041, indice de Tucker et Lewis (TLI) = 0,911 et indice d’ajustement comparatif (CFI) = 0,905). Nos mesures de l’invariance de la structure factorielle entre les sous-groupes nous indiquent que le modèle à sept facteurs est une solution satisfaisante pour l’ensemble des sous-groupes de notre étude. Pris dans leur ensemble, nos résultats confirment la validité factorielle de la version francophone pour le Québec du MAYSI-2. Ces résultats soutiennent la pertinence d’implanter plus largement au Québec l’outil MAYSI-2 comme outil de dépistage à utiliser systématiquement auprès des jeunes contrevenants. / Youth offenders have a high prevalence of mental disorders compared to adolescents in the general population. It seems that a large proportion of them do not receive the appropriate services and treatments for their mental conditions, often due to a lack of screening. The Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument – second version (MAYSI-2) appears to be a key screening tool for youth offenders in the United States and around the world. A version adapted for Francophones in Quebec has been in clinical use since 2016 but has not been the subject of any validation so far. The objective of our study is to validate the factorial structure of the French- version of the MAYSI-2 for French speaking adolescent in Quebec based on data collected from a sample of adolescent housed in units for youth offenders (N=962). To do this, we analysed the internal consistency of the instrument and its various sub-scales. We then carried out a confirmatory factor analysis to test the structure of the dimensions and a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis to examine the robustness of the solutions according to gender (boy: N= 880 -girl: N= 82) and legal status (LSJPA, N = 741 and Intensive Supervision, N = 207). Our results indicate that the internal consistency of the scales is reliable for five of the seven scales (Alpha between 0.704 and 0.805), satisfactory for the scale of traumatic experiences (Alpha of 0,603) and below the standards for the scale of thought disturbance (Alpha of 0,480). Confirmatory factor analysis results indicate that the fit of the seven-factor model is beyond the satisfaction criteria (root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.041, Tucker and Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.911 and Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0,905). Our measures of the invariance of the factor structure between subgroups indicates that the seven-factor model is a satisfactory solution for all subgroups in our study. Taken as a whole, our results confirm the factorial validity of the French-version of the MAYSI-2 for French speaking adolescent in Quebec. These results support the relevance of implementing the French version of the MAYSI-2 tool more widely as a screening tool to be used systematically with French speaking young offenders in Quebec.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala para medir el Clima Emocional (CD – 24) en estudiantes de universidades e institutos privados en Lima Metropolitana. Se evaluó a una muestra de 250 participantes, 53.90 % mujeres y 46.10 % hombres, con edades entre los 18 y 30 años (M = 24 años, DE = 2.44). Se les aplicó, además de la CD-24, la Escala de Clima Socioemocional (ECSE). Como evidencias de validez basada en la estructura interna, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), para evaluar el ajuste de la estructura de cinco factores (Miedo, Desesperanza-inseguridad, Seguridad, Confianza social y Rabia) con los 24 ítems de la escala. Como resultado del AFC, se obtuvieron índices de ajuste dentro de lo aceptable en su gran mayoría (χ² = 382.32, gl = 125, CFI = .94, TLI = .93, RMSEA = .090, SRMR = .071). En relación a la validez externa de tipo convergente, se obtuvieron correlaciones significativas de magnitudes débiles y fuertes (entre .20 y .64) con la variable clima socio emocional. Los coeficientes Omega de los factores de la CD - 24 oscilaron entre .64 y .80. Se concluye que la CD-24 y sus puntuaciones derivadas han evidenciado propiedades psicométricas parcialmente adecuadas, por ello es recomendable seguir realizando estudios a fin de continuar con la revisión de sus evidencias psicométricas. / The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Scale to measure Emotional Climate (CD - 24) in students of universities and private institutes in Metropolitan Lima. A sample of 250 participants, 53.90% women and 46.10% men, aged between 18 and 30 years (M = 24 years, SD = 2.44) was evaluated. In addition to the CD-24, the Socio-Emotional Climate Scale (ECSE) was applied to them. As evidence of validity based on the internal structure, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was carried out to evaluate the adjustment of the structure of five factors (Fear, Hopelessness-insecurity, Security, Social trust and Anger) with the 24 items of the scale. As a result of the CFA, fit indices were obtained within what was mostly acceptable (χ² = 382.32, gl = 125, CFI = .94, TLI = .93, RMSEA = .090, SRMR = .071). In relation to the external validity of the convergent type, significant correlations of weak and strong magnitudes (between .20 and .64) were obtained with the variable socio-emotional climate. The Omega coefficients of the CD-24 factors ranged from .64 to .80. It is concluded that the CD-24 and its derived scores have shown partially adequate psychometric properties, therefore it is advisable to continue carrying out studies in order to continue with the review of its psychometric evidence. / Tesis

The present study examined the factor structure and measurement invariance of the revised version of the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory (ACSI-28), following adjustment of the wording of items such that they were appropriate to assess Coping Skills in an educational setting. A sample of middle school students (n = 1,037) completed the revised inventory. An initial confirmatory factor analysis led to the hypothesis of a better fitting model with two items removed. Reliability of the subscales and the instrument as a whole was acceptable. Items were examined for sex invariance with differential item functioning (DIF) using item response theory, and five items were flagged for significant sex non-invariance. Following removal of these items, comparison of the mean differences between male and female coping scores revealed that there was no significant difference between the two groups. Further examination of the generalizability of the coping construct and the potential transfer of psychosocial skills between athletic and academic settings are warranted.

The current study takes an initial step toward deriving a method for empirically based, theory-driven treatment matching in a military population suffering from PTSD. Along with the more overt symptoms of PTSD (e.g., persistent hyperarousal), secondary cognitive symptoms have also been shown to be significantly associated with avoidance and intrusive symptoms, as well as contribute to functional impairment. Based on the factor analytic and treatment literature for PTSD, it appears that there are two central mechanisms associated with beneficial therapeutic change that underlies both CPT and PE treatments (i.e., habituation, changes in cognitions). Additionally, different traumatic events and peritraumatic responses may be associated with unique symptom profiles and may necessitate targeted treatment. The present study proposes a novel approach to treatment matching based on the factor structure of PTSD and underlying mechanisms of treatment response. More broadly, this paper provides evidence for a broader understanding of peritraumatic responses and the potential implications of these responses for symptom profiles and illness trajectories.

The present empirical study examined factors that affect the acceptance and use of social media platforms by farmers and vendors in farmers’ communities in North Mississippi for marketing their small farm businesses. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), structural equations modeling was used to examine several relationships: (1) the influence of performance expectancy (PE) on behavioral intention (BI) to use social media; (2) the influence of effort expectancy (EE) on BI; (3) the influence of social influence (SI) on BI; (4) the influence of facilitating conditions (FC) on actual use (USE) of social media; (5) the moderating influence of gender on the PE–BI, EE–BI, and SI-BI relationships; (6) the moderating influence of age on the PE–BI, EE–BI, SI-BI, and FC–USE relationships; and (7) the moderating influence of experience using social media on the EE–BI, SI-BI, and FC–USE relationships. Results from 169 respondents who completed questionnaires indicated that PE, EE, SI, and FC (key constructs) did predict farmers and vendors’ BI to use social media and actual USE of social media for marketing their small farm businesses and agriproducts. Respondents’ characteristics (e.g., age, gender, social media experience) did moderate some of these relationships in different ways. Thus, the present study provided additional empirical support for UTAUT. Additionally, responses to questions that assessed constructs in UTAUT suggest that respondents are open to social media as a marketing tool for their small farm businesses. Other results indicated that farmers and vendors prefer to market their products through farmers markets and community supported agriculture groups as compared to retail outlets and noted barriers present in retail marketing channels. This study provides information that will be beneficial for the development of educational programs and contributes to the literature on the factors affecting farmers’ intention to use social media to promote agriproducts to connect new markets.

This research presented in this study demonstrates that county level population growth, economic growth, and localized social structure are interrelated. An analysis of the spatial distribution of these factors in the Southeast Region of the United States during the period of 1995-2000 also indicates the importance of differences in rural versus urban and coastal versus non-coastal areas as well as the importance of such factors as highways, large cities, and universities in economic, population, and social structure interrelationships. An extensive dataset is used in the analysis as a number of analysis tools including statistical analysis, econometric models, spatial econometric models, structural equation models, and GIS mapping.

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