This study examines the need for nature conservation legislation and the enforcement thereof in the Gauteng province. The study commences with an in depth examination of the historical background to nature conservation and nature conservation legislation in order to explain why the present condition exists. Some of the guidelines of the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) are considered in this regard as well as fines and penalties that are inadequate as deterrents for contraventions of nature conservation legislation. The necessity of the appointment of provincial departments of environmental affairs and the importance of environmental education as a means to an end are touched on. There is attention given to the economic importance of tourism for the realisation of economic prosperity to the regiol') and how that depends of adequate nature conservation legislation enforcement. The roles that different departments of the state and the private sector and organised pressure groups can play are also identified. An investigation has been conducted into the inner workings of the Gauteng Nature Conservation Directorate with a statistical analysis, sampling and arguments. Local and international case studies have been used as examples for analysis as well as statistics of previous trends. The study ends with conclusions which have been reached followed by recommendations which may be implemented. / Public Administration and Management / Thesis (M. Pub. Admin.)--University of South Africa, 2001. / M. Pub. Admin.

Public, Constitutional and International Law / LLD

Submitted by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-11-03T18:15:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CASTELLO_Ana_2014.pdf: 46454923 bytes, checksum: 516b13acd6335b29a36040846ee4f7ff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-11-03T18:15:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CASTELLO_Ana_2014.pdf: 46454923 bytes, checksum: 516b13acd6335b29a36040846ee4f7ff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Rubi (milenarubi@ufscar.br) on 2016-11-03T18:15:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CASTELLO_Ana_2014.pdf: 46454923 bytes, checksum: 516b13acd6335b29a36040846ee4f7ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-03T18:15:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CASTELLO_Ana_2014.pdf: 46454923 bytes, checksum: 516b13acd6335b29a36040846ee4f7ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / Não recebi financiamento / A criação de Unidades de Conservação (UC's) é a principal estratégia adotada para conservação in situ da diversidade biológica, porém, existe um número deficiente de estudos abordando o estado e a efetividade dessas áreas para a conservação da biodiversidade. Além disso, não há um programa sistemático de monitoramento da efetividade dessas unidades, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento. Uma forma de monitoramento do estado de conservação das UC’s se dá com a utilização de indicadores ecológicos, sendo que a vegetação é considerada um bom indicador tanto das condições ambientais quanto do estado de conservação dos ecossistemas. No entanto, poucos estudos têm sido realizados com aspectos da vegetação como indicadores ecológicos, sendo a maioria deles realizados com fauna. Nesse contexto, os objetivos desse trabalho foram: (1) selecionar indicadores do estado de conservação desse tipo vegetacional e (2) analisar comparativamente o estrato regenerativo de duas áreas de Floresta Ombrófila Densa (FOD). O estudo foi realizado em duas áreas de FOD no Vale do Ribeira, sendo elas: área 1 - localizada no interior dos limites de duas unidades de conservação, o Parque Estadual Caverna do Diabo e a Área de Proteção Ambiental Quilombos do Médio Ribeira; área 2 - uma propriedade particular não inserida em nenhuma unidade de conservação, a Fazenda São José. O estrato regenerativo foi amostrado em transectos de 2x20m, incluindo os indivíduos lenhosos com altura mínima de 1,50m e circunferência à altura do peito inferior a 15cm. Os fetos arborescentes e as lianas foram quantificadas em parcelas de 20x20m, sem a realização de identificação botânica. Além disso, as parcelas foram caracterizadas sucessionalmente pela Resolução CONAMA 01/94 e caracterizadas a partir de variáveis ambientais (cobertura do dossel, luminosidade, umidade e altura da camada de serapilheira). Na área 1, foram amostrados 195 indivíduos, pertencentes a 75 espécies, 46 gêneros e 28 famílias; na área 2, foram 238 indivíduos, pertencentes a 75 espécies, 44 gêneros e 31 famílias. O estrato regenerativo das áreas de estudo é similar, composto principalmente por espécies não pioneiras e com síndrome de dispersão zoocórica. As espécies Bathysa australis (A.St.-Hil.) K.Schum. e Euterpe edulis Mart. foram consideradas indicadoras de estágio avançado de regeneração, Nectandra oppositifolia Ness e Pera glabrata (Schott) Poepp. ex Baill. indicadoras de estágio médio de regeneração, e Piper cf. arboreum Aubl. indicadora de estágio inicial de regeneração. As lianas de maior diâmetro (acima de 4.1 cm) e os fetos arborescentes de maior altura (acima de 4.1 m), foram considerados indicadores de estágio avançado de regeneração.

Submitted by Maria de Lourdes Mariano (lmariano@ufscar.br) on 2017-02-24T17:55:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KANESHIRO_Daniela_2014.pdf: 14891648 bytes, checksum: f58cc4e32f6162291d9696f0958801ee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria de Lourdes Mariano (lmariano@ufscar.br) on 2017-02-24T17:55:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KANESHIRO_Daniela_2014.pdf: 14891648 bytes, checksum: f58cc4e32f6162291d9696f0958801ee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria de Lourdes Mariano (lmariano@ufscar.br) on 2017-02-24T17:55:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KANESHIRO_Daniela_2014.pdf: 14891648 bytes, checksum: f58cc4e32f6162291d9696f0958801ee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-24T17:56:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KANESHIRO_Daniela_2014.pdf: 14891648 bytes, checksum: f58cc4e32f6162291d9696f0958801ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-01 / Não recebi financiamento / The Atlantic Rainforest, which has the title of World Heritage by UNESCO, is a very important area that must be preserved for its rich biodiversity, in addition to the natural and cultural assets that attract tourists. For all these reasons has considerable tourism potential and can contribute to the region's economy. The Design of Development of Ecotourism in the Atlantic Forest region was created to implement actions that benefit the communities surrounding protected areas, as well as broaden the infrastructure for the visitation in order to establish an orderly tourism management to avoid negative impacts on the region. This study aimed to evaluate this project from its conception to the end of their actions in 2012, especially its indicators, applying the methodology PDCA (Plan, Do, Check and Act). In its seven years of implementation and with the constant changes in park management and technical project, it is important to make a study and review of the activities and present the work done. Of 9 indicators, 4 achieved the target and the rest are close to reaching. The increase in the amount of published normative instruments and value in the income earned on the rise present a breakthrough for the Protected Areas. For the Bank, the results were positive; they were paid 98.15% of the total contract value. Moreover, due to the dollar variation, investments were canceled. For managers of parks, the balance was also positive for the gain with environmental education and improvement tools in the infrastructure to receive visitors. The activities carried out in the Project caused the state to be in inducing paradigm change in relation to the parks because: plus space for research, public visitation shall receive investments in order to increase the number of visitors but also improved quality receptive, which causes change in participation around. This change is characterized by a qualified participation of traditional communities, local businesses and the municipal government. / A Mata Atlântica, que tem o título de Patrimônio Mundial pela UNESCO, é uma região muito importante que precisa ser conservada pela sua rica biodiversidade, além dos bens naturais e culturais que tanto atraem turistas. Por todos estes motivos tem potencial turístico considerável e pode contribuir para a economia da região. O Projeto de Desenvolvimento do Ecoturismo na região da Mata Atlântica foi criado para implementar ações que beneficiassem as comunidades do entorno das Unidades de Conservação, bem como ampliasse as infraestruturas para a visitação de forma a estabelecer uma gestão ordenada do turismo para evitar impactos negativos na região. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar esse Projeto desde sua concepção até o término de suas ações em 2012, principalmente os seus indicadores, aplicando a metodologia PDCA (Plan, Do, Check e Act). Nos seus sete anos de execução e com as constantes mudanças na gestão dos parques e dos coordenadores e técnicos do projeto, é importante fazer um estudo e balanço das atividades e apresentar os trabalhos realizados. Dos 9 indicadores, 4 atingiram a meta e os restantes estão próximos de alcançar. O aumento na quantidade de instrumentos normativos publicados e valor na receita auferida em ascensão apresentam um avanço para a gestão das Unidades de Conservação. Para o Banco, os resultados foram positivos, pois foram desembolsados 98,15% do valor total do contrato. Por outro lado, por conta da variação do dólar, investimentos foram cancelados. Para os gestores dos parques, o saldo também foi positivo pelo ganho com ferramentas de educação ambiental e melhoria na infraestrutura para receber os visitantes. As atividades realizadas no Projeto fizeram com que o Estado fosse indutor na mudança de paradigma em relação aos parques, pois, além de espaço para pesquisa, a visitação pública passa a receber investimentos com vistas ao aumento do número de visitantes, mas também a melhora na qualidade do receptivo, o que provoca mudança na participação do entorno. Esta mudança se caracteriza pela participação qualificada das comunidades tradicionais, dos empresários locais e do poder público municipal.

Orientador: Sônia Regina da Cal Seixas / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T05:58:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Suarez_CristianeFerrazeSilva_D.pdf: 13468858 bytes, checksum: 83fe88785be2c8fabb68340fd696a42f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Esta tese buscou estudar o processo de desenvolvimento turístico do município de Vargem- SP, situado na Área de Proteção Ambiental do Sistema Cantareira e seus desdobramentos na qualidade de vida da população local. Este trabalho objetivou também identificar e avaliar as estratégias que vem sendo adotadas pela governança local direcionadas ao turismo sustentável e se estas estão associadas à conservação ambiental e a melhoria da qualidade de vida local, além de analisar as percepções dos atores sociais do município sobre estes temas. O projeto originou-se da constatação de que a região vem apresentando vários problemas socioambientais gerados a partir das alterações decorrentes, principalmente, de dois eventos: a construção de um empreendimento de captação de recursos hídricos, o Sistema Cantareira, e a duplicação da Rodovia Fernão Dias. O fato de o município estar inserido em uma Unidade de Conservação enfatiza a necessidade de estudos que contribuam para a elaboração de políticas públicas que possam embasar planos turísticos sustentáveis aliados à conservação dos recursos naturais e a melhoria da qualidade de vida na localidade. Visando contemplar os objetivos propostos, foram adotados procedimentos metodológicos que incorporaram três fases, sendo a exploratória, o trabalho de campo com a realização de visitas técnicas e entrevistas com diferentes atores sociais e com a demanda turística real de Vargem e a análise dos dados obtidos. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram caracterizar a área de estudo através dos aspectos históricos, socioeconômicos e naturais, conhecer o perfil da demanda turística, elaborar o inventário turístico e o diagnóstico ambiental local, bem como apresentar a discussão sobre turismo e qualidade de vida na visão dos diferentes atores sociais entrevistados e as estratégias e ações existentes para o turismo sustentável e a conservação ambiental em Vargem / Abstract: This thesis presents the process of tourist development in the town of Vargem - SP, located in the Cantareira System Environmental Protection Area, and its influence in the local population quality of life. This work has also as an objective to identify and evaluate the strategies, which have been adopted by the local government, regarding the sustainable tourism, and if they are associated with the environmental conservation, and with the improvement in the local quality of life, as well as analyse the perceptions of the town social actors over these subjects. The project was developed due to the perception that the region has suffering from several socioenvironmental problems generated, mainly by two events, the construction of an enterprise of hydric resources capitation, the Cantareira System, and the duplication of Fernão Dias Highway. The fact that the town is inserted in a Conservation Area reinforces the necessity of studies which contribute to the creation of public policies which can support sustainable tourist plans, linked to the conservation of natural resources and the improvement in the local quality of life. Aiming to reach the proposed objectives, methodological procedures which incorporate three phases were adopted, being the exploratory, the field work, containing technical visits, interviews with different social actors, the real Vargem tourist demand and the analysis of the obtained data. From the obtained results, it was possible to characterize the study area through natural, socioeconomic and historical aspects, to know the profile of the tourist demand, design the tourism inventory, and the local environmental diagnostic, as well as to present the discussion between tourism and quality of life, through the vision of the different social actors, which were interviewed, the existing strategies and actions for the sustainable tourism and the environmental conservation in Vargem / Doutorado / Aspectos Sociais de Sustentabilidade e Conservação / Doutor em Ambiente e Sociedade

The Nandi Hills and Nandi Forests in Nandi County, Kenya are major water catchments for Lake Victoria. However, these resources have faced significant decline and degradation in recent times, thereby impacting the hydrological quality and quantity in the Lake Victoria Basin. This study was informed by the observed degradation of the Nandi Hills and Nandi Forests, epitomized by the receding forest cover, drying up of previously permanent streams, instances of mudslides and rock falls, and downstream flooding. The study therefore sought to interrogate the current institutional environmental and educational arrangements and practices which are pertinent to the sustainable management of the Nandi Hills Forests, the perceptions and understandings of the local population in terms of forest resources and land use, and the information that can be provided by GIS and Remote Sensing data, in order to produce a heuristic for planning community environmental education in the Nandi County. To achieve this, a mixed methodological design which incorporated both qualitative and quantitative data was embraced. The mixed method approaches used in this study were the concurrent triangulation and nested/embedded designs. A four-tier analysis was carried out once all the data had been coded and grouped. The analysis covered three categories of the population in the study area; namely the households, institutions and community groups, and analysis of Landsat images for change detection. The study reveals that there are several state and non-state institutions that are involved in the management of the Nandi Hills Forests and that their efforts have seen an improvement in the perceptions of the local population in terms of the importance of environmental management of the forests. Analysis of the Landsat images has revealed receding natural forest cover. The contribution of informal, local and indigenous knowledge to sustainable management of the Nandi Hills Forest was notable (85 percent of the population attribute their knowledge on forests and forestry to informal knowledge sources). These results informed the development of a heuristic to enable the adoption of strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information for problem solving in developing and implementing community environmental education practices for effective forest management and conservation practices that are responsive to the needs of the Nandi Forest community.

This project articulates the foundational purpose for environmental fairs and how they encourage an environmentally literate and responsible citizenry.

This study is a partial replication of research conducted by Perkes (1973). The problem in this study is to assess the magnitude of the relationship between student knowledge of the environment, student gender, grade level, and size of school attended; and the level of attitudinal differences between students based upon student gender, grade level, and the size of school that students attend. Methods of data collection include the use of an environmental knowledge and attitude inventory used by Perkes (1973) and modified by Hardy and Fox (1976). This thesis includes an added dimension, a survey of environmental education curricula in the Permian Basin Region of Texas.

This study is concerned with how the school is to proceed in a program of conservation education to bring about these desired changes. It is concerned, however, with only one link in the long chain of activities composing the total conservation education program--the development of a cooperative evaluation technique in appraising certain community agencies that can be used by the schools of Stanislaus county in teaching conservation of the resources most vital to the county; namely, soil and water. The study attempted to evaluate the agencies in terms of the accessibility and adaptability of their use to the school program.

The development of a fisheries and wildlife indicator system is described. The system is intended to serve as a planning and policymaking aid for state fisheries and wildlife agencies and to enhance communications between state agencies and the public. The conceptual basis for the indicator system derives from the field of social indicators research and rests on the premise that explicit decisionmaking methods are more desirable than intuition and subjective methods. Four major steps were involved in developing the fisheries and wildlife indicator system. The first step was assessing the current availability of resource information and involved analyzing state fisheries and wildlife agency annual reports. Administrative information was emphasized in reports over fisheries and wildlife resources and their use. States rarely reported trend statistics that allow comparisons over time to be made. Reports contained a mixture of quantitative and qualitative information, but contained few tables and graphs compared to the amount of text. Assessing the type, quality, and quantity of performance information currently available laid the base for subsequent work on the indicator system. The second step was developing a comprehensive classification framework representing all aspects of the fisheries and wildlife resource. The framework, a 16-cell matrix including the resource categories of People, Populations, Habitat, and Administration, and the resource components of Inputs, Processes, Outputs, and Impacts, contained 82 separate resource characteristics representing the universe of concerns and responsibilities faced in state-level fisheries and wildlife management. The third step was identifying indicators representative of each characteristic in the framework. Through an extensive analysis of fisheries and wildlife literature, agency documents, and social assessment literature, 377 indicators were identified. Based on appropriateness and availability of each indicator, 242 indicators were recommended for monitoring by state fisheries and wildlife agencies. The last step in the process was describing the use of the fisheries and wildlife indicator system, how the system can fit into an agency's administrative structure and planning programs, and how its use may affect the future of fisheries and wildlife management. / Ph. D. / incomplete_metadata