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An analysis of economic efficiency in predicting legislative voting beyond a traditional liberal-conservative spectrumBoozer, Benjamin Bryan. Permaloff, Anne, January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Analysis of early separation incentive options to shape the naval force of the future /Reppert, Joseph L. January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2004. / Thesis advisor(s): Bill Gates, John Mutty. Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-150). Also available online.
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Cartel efficiency and the impact of competition policy /Uriarte-Landa, Jorge Alberto, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-163). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.
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To determine the cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation clinics under management of Department of Health in Hong Kong /Siu, Hung-fai. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M. Med. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005.
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United States Marine Corps personal discount rates as evidenced from voluntary separation payment programs /Deichert, Martin K. January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006. / Thesis Advisor(s): Nayantara D. Hensel, Kathryn M. Kocher. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-104). Also available online.
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Custo-utilidade da vacinação contra Papilomavírus humano no BrasilCarvalho, Ieda Silva January 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013 / O câncer de colo de útero (CCU) é um importante problema de saúde em todo o mundo. O HPV é o principal fator associado a esta doença. Para a prevenção primária da infecção foi desenvolvido a vacina quadrivalente que protege contra os tipos HPV 16, 18, 11 e 6. Objetivo: este estudo analisou a relação custo-efetividade e custo-utilidade da adição da vacina contra HPV para Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro, em comparação ao rastreamento pelo exame citopatológico, programa existente. Método: foi adaptado um modelo de Markov da história natural da infecção por HPV para estimar custo e qualidade de vida para uma coorte hipotética de meninas de 10 anos de idade acompanhadas por 70 anos. Duas estratégias foram comparadas: vacinar e rastrear (estratégia alternativa) em relação ao rastreamento (estratégia base). No modelo a cobertura para o rastreamento foi de 77,1% e para a vacina 95%. A taxa de desconto aplicada para calcular custos e efeitos futuros de saúde foi de 5%. A análise de sensibilidade foi realizada para avaliar as incertezas quanto à cobertura vacinal, a sensibilidade do exame citopatológico e o valor da vacinação. Resultados: o modelo simulou que a adição da vacina poderia reduzir em 76,18% o risco de morrer por CCU, evitando 12.072 óbitos por esta doença a um custo médio de US$ 633.559,32/óbitos evitados, com um ganho de 1.389.478 anos de vida ajustado por qualidade. Quanto aos anos de vida ganhos ajustado por qualidade (AVAQ), a estratégia base (rastreamento) representaria um custo médio de US$ 11,62/AVAQ enquanto a estratégia teste (vacina e rastreamento) teria um custo médio de 241,66 US$/ AVAQ. A razão de custo-efetividade incremental (RCEI) desta estimativa foi de US$ 5.504,46/AVAQ. Conclusão: Esta análise, apesar das limitações metodológicas, demonstra que a incorporação, pelo SUS, da vacina quadrivalente ao programa de rastreamento pode ser uma alternativa custo-efetiva para reduzir a mortalidade por CCU. / Salvador
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Custo, efetividade e custo-efetividade do tratamento periodontal em gestantesChaves, Vanessa Rodrigues January 2011 (has links)
Análises econômicas em saúde bucal são escassas na literatura e, portanto, muitas das práticas, especialmente aquelas propostas e realizadas nos sistemas públicos de saúde em diferentes países, são realizadas sem o conhecimento de seus aspectos econômicos. Na maioria dos países, os recursos destinados à saúde são limitados e, portanto, carecem de análises econômicas para que se tenha base científica para a proposição e implementação de diretrizes de atenção à saúde. O presente estudo trata de uma análise econômica em saúde bucal que teve por objetivo avaliar o custo, a efetividade e o custo-efetividade do tratamento periodontal sistemático, comparando-o com o tratamento convencional realizado em gestantes no Hospital Materno Infantil Presidente Vargas, na perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde, partindo de dados já coletados nos prontuários de 213 pacientes. O custo do tratamento periodontal sistemático e o ofertado pelo HMIPV foram estimados a partir do somatório dos custos de todas as consultas de exames periodontais, instruções de higiene bucal. raspagens alisamentos e polimentos supragengivais e raspagem e alisamento radiculares subgengivais por gestante. O tratamento periodontal sistemático custou R$ 442,80, levando em média 8,23 consultas por gestante, e o tempo médio gasto para a realização do tratamento foi de 6 horas e 35 minutos. O tratamento periodontal ofertado pelo HMIPV teve um custo médio de R$ 144,05 e uma média de 2,96 consulta por paciente; o tempo total médio para a realização desse tratamento foi de 2 horas e 15 minutos. A razão de custo-efetividade para se controlar a doença periodontal por gestante mediante o tratamento periodontal sistemático é de R$ 6,91 e de R$ 9,50 pelo tratamento ofertado pelo HMIPV. Os resultados do presente estudo permitem concluir que o tratamento periodontal sistemático é custo-efetivo em reduzir processo inflamatório periodontal, não sendo influenciado diretamente por tabagismo, renda e escolaridade. / Economic analyses of oral health are scarce in the literature and therefore many of the practices, especially those proposed and implemented in public health systems in different countries, are performed without the knowledge of its economic aspects. In most countries, resources for health are limited and therefore lack economic analyses in order to have a scientific basis for proposing and implementing policies for health care. This study deals with an economic analysis of oral health that aims to assess the cost, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of systematic periodontal treatment, compared with conventional treatment performed on pregnant women in the Maternal and Child Hospital Presidente Vargas, the prospect of health system, based on data already collected from medical records of 213 patients. The cost of periodontal treatment were estimated from the sum of the costs of all queries including periodontal examinations, oral hygiene instructions, supragingival and subgingival scaling per pregnant women. The systematic periodontal treatment cost was R$ 442.80, taking an average of 8.23 consultations per pregnant woman, and the average time taken for completion of treatment was 6 hours and 35 minutes. Periodontal treatment offered by HMIPV had an average cost of R$ 144.05 and an average of 2.96 consultations per patient, the average total time to perform this treatment was 2 hours and 15 minutes. The cost-effectiveness ratio to control periodontal disease in pregnant women through systematic periodontal treatment is R$ 6.91 and R$ 9.50 for the treatment offered by HMIPV. The results of this study allow us to conclude that the systematic periodontal treatment is cost-effective in reducing periodontal inflammation and is not directly influenced by smoking, income and education.
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Pharmacoeconomic evaluation in Egypt and its role in the medicine reimbursementMohamed Khalil January 2018 (has links)
Magister Scientiae - MSc (Pharmacy Administration and Policy Regulation) / Aim: The purpose of this research was to assess the validity of pharmacoeconomic
evaluation in Egypt three years after the guideline was issued and analyse challenges
and opportunities for improvement.
Objectives: To conduct a literature review of pricing, medicine reimbursement, and
pharmacoeconomic evaluation. Examine, in conjunction with relevant stakeholders, the
progress of the pharmacoeconomic evaluation. To present examples of
pharmacoeconomic evaluation deployment. To propose recommendations on how to
optimize the pharmacoeconomic implementation.
Methods: A literature review and a qualitative research method that was conducted
using a semi-structured interview with stakeholders of the reimbursement process in
Egypt. In addition, examples were analysed to determine the impact of
pharmacoeconomic methods on medicine reimbursement in Egypt.
Results: The Egyptian Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation Unit was established in 2013,
it supports various reimbursement decisions, especially for new technologies. The unit
evaluations depended mainly on the available international data. However,
fragmentation of the health care system in Egypt is a major obstacle to progress. The
guidelines are still non-compulsory for implementation, and accordingly some
reimbursement committees do not consider its evaluation in its decision making.
Conclusion and Recommendations: The pharmacoeconomic evaluation has
demonstrated a good start in Egypt. To gain the full benefit of pharmacoeconomic
evaluation, authorities need to consider reducing the complexity of health care system,
setting clear strategies, building capabilities to improve pharmacoeconomic
awareness; endorsing risk sharing strategy and building a proper health related
information system along with creation of full Health Technology Assessment
program. The above-mentioned recommendations could be associated together under
the Universal Health Coverage road map that Egypt committed to achieve by 2030.
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Cost-effectiveness analysis of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in preventing pneumonia in Peruvian childrenMezones Holguín, Edward, Bolaños Díaz, Rafael, Fiestas, Víctor, Sanabria, César, Gutiérrez Aguado, Alfonso, Fiestas, Fabián, Suárez, Víctor J., Rodríguez Morales, Alfonso J., Hernández, Adrian V. 08 January 2015 (has links)
emezones@gmail.com / Introduction: Pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) has a high burden of morbimortality in children. Use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) is an effective preventive measure. After PCV 7-valent (PCV7) withdrawal, PCV 10-valent (PCV10) and PCV 13-valent (PCV13) are the alternatives in Peru. This study aimed to evaluate cost effectiveness of these vaccines in preventing PP in Peruvian children <5 yearsold. Methodology: A cost-effectiveness analysis was developed in three phases: a systematic evidence search for calculating effectiveness; a cost analysis for vaccine strategies and outcome management; and an economic model based on decision tree analysis, including deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis using acceptability curves, tornado diagram, and Monte Carlo simulation. A hypothetic 100 vaccinated children/vaccine cohort was built. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated. Results: The isolation probability for all serotypes in each vaccine was estimated: 38% for PCV7, 41% PCV10, and 17% PCV13. Avoided hospitalization was found to be the best effectiveness model measure. Estimated costs for PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13 cohorts were USD13,761, 11,895, and 12,499, respectively. Costs per avoided hospitalization were USD718 for PCV7, USD333 for PCV10, andUSD 162 for PCV13. At ICER, PCV7 was dominated by the other PCVs. Eliminating PCV7, PCV13 was more cost effective than PCV10 (confirmed in sensitivity analysis). Conclusions: PCV10 and PCV13 are more cost effective than PCV7 in prevention of pneumonia in children <5 years-old in Peru. PCV13 prevents more hospitalizations and is more cost-effective than PCV10. These results should be considered when making decisions about the Peruvian National Inmunizations Schedule. / This study was funded by Instituto Nacional de Salud,
Lima, Peru / Revisión pór pares
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Custo, efetividade e custo-efetividade do tratamento periodontal em gestantesChaves, Vanessa Rodrigues January 2011 (has links)
Análises econômicas em saúde bucal são escassas na literatura e, portanto, muitas das práticas, especialmente aquelas propostas e realizadas nos sistemas públicos de saúde em diferentes países, são realizadas sem o conhecimento de seus aspectos econômicos. Na maioria dos países, os recursos destinados à saúde são limitados e, portanto, carecem de análises econômicas para que se tenha base científica para a proposição e implementação de diretrizes de atenção à saúde. O presente estudo trata de uma análise econômica em saúde bucal que teve por objetivo avaliar o custo, a efetividade e o custo-efetividade do tratamento periodontal sistemático, comparando-o com o tratamento convencional realizado em gestantes no Hospital Materno Infantil Presidente Vargas, na perspectiva do Sistema Único de Saúde, partindo de dados já coletados nos prontuários de 213 pacientes. O custo do tratamento periodontal sistemático e o ofertado pelo HMIPV foram estimados a partir do somatório dos custos de todas as consultas de exames periodontais, instruções de higiene bucal. raspagens alisamentos e polimentos supragengivais e raspagem e alisamento radiculares subgengivais por gestante. O tratamento periodontal sistemático custou R$ 442,80, levando em média 8,23 consultas por gestante, e o tempo médio gasto para a realização do tratamento foi de 6 horas e 35 minutos. O tratamento periodontal ofertado pelo HMIPV teve um custo médio de R$ 144,05 e uma média de 2,96 consulta por paciente; o tempo total médio para a realização desse tratamento foi de 2 horas e 15 minutos. A razão de custo-efetividade para se controlar a doença periodontal por gestante mediante o tratamento periodontal sistemático é de R$ 6,91 e de R$ 9,50 pelo tratamento ofertado pelo HMIPV. Os resultados do presente estudo permitem concluir que o tratamento periodontal sistemático é custo-efetivo em reduzir processo inflamatório periodontal, não sendo influenciado diretamente por tabagismo, renda e escolaridade. / Economic analyses of oral health are scarce in the literature and therefore many of the practices, especially those proposed and implemented in public health systems in different countries, are performed without the knowledge of its economic aspects. In most countries, resources for health are limited and therefore lack economic analyses in order to have a scientific basis for proposing and implementing policies for health care. This study deals with an economic analysis of oral health that aims to assess the cost, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of systematic periodontal treatment, compared with conventional treatment performed on pregnant women in the Maternal and Child Hospital Presidente Vargas, the prospect of health system, based on data already collected from medical records of 213 patients. The cost of periodontal treatment were estimated from the sum of the costs of all queries including periodontal examinations, oral hygiene instructions, supragingival and subgingival scaling per pregnant women. The systematic periodontal treatment cost was R$ 442.80, taking an average of 8.23 consultations per pregnant woman, and the average time taken for completion of treatment was 6 hours and 35 minutes. Periodontal treatment offered by HMIPV had an average cost of R$ 144.05 and an average of 2.96 consultations per patient, the average total time to perform this treatment was 2 hours and 15 minutes. The cost-effectiveness ratio to control periodontal disease in pregnant women through systematic periodontal treatment is R$ 6.91 and R$ 9.50 for the treatment offered by HMIPV. The results of this study allow us to conclude that the systematic periodontal treatment is cost-effective in reducing periodontal inflammation and is not directly influenced by smoking, income and education.
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