Thesis (Ph. D.)--Texas Woman's University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-185).

Thesis (Ph.D) - University of Queensland, 2006. / Includes bibliography.

This thesis deals with programmes for critical and creative thinking development. The topic covers primarily the programs of "Instrumental enrichment" and "Philosophy for children". In the theoretical part the author explains and describes the term thinking, particularly a creative and critical thinking, both constituting a fundamental element of this thesis. In another part of the thesis the author introduces two specific programs "the Instrumental enrichment" and "the Philosophy for children". The final part of the thesis concentrates on common features of both programs, focusing on theoretical explanation and description of these attributes.

Este estudo investiga os efeitos de um programa de criatividade ministrado na modalidade de educação a distância com professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, comparados com um grupo presencial e um grupo controle. O desenvolvimento do programa foi fundamentado no método histórico-crítico. A metodologia utilizada no estudo foi quantitativa e qualitativa e realizada em duas etapas. Participaram da primeira etapa, 60 professores, que foram randomicamente organizados em três grupos: online, presencial e controle. O Test of Creative Thinking – Divergent Production (TCT - DP) foi utilizado na coleta dos dados relativos à criatividade em um desenho de pré-teste e pós-teste. Para a análise dos dados intragrupos foi utilizado o Teste T para amostras pareadas. Para a análise das diferenças entre os grupos foi utilizada uma análise de variância (ANOVA). Participaram da segunda etapa da pesquisa, nove professores, sendo três de cada um dos grupos. Um instrumento elaborado pelo autor foi utilizado para observação dos Indicadores de Criatividade apresentados pelos professores em uma aula estruturada. Uma ANOVA foi utilizada para análise dos dados. Os resultados indicam diferenças significativas entre os grupos a favor dos grupos online e presencial. As implicações dos resultados são discutidas fundamentadas na Teoria Sócio- Histórica de Vygotsky e na Perspectiva de Sistemas de Myhalyi Csikszentmihalyi. Estudos futuros são sugeridos assim como as limitações desse estudo elencadas. / This study investigates the effects of a creativity program administered in the form of distance education with teachers of the initial years of the basic teaching, compared with a face-to-face group and a control group. The development of the program was grounded on the historical- critical method. The methodology of the study was quantitative and qualitative and performed in two steps. Participated in the first stage, 60 teachers who were randomly organized in three groups: online, face-to-face and control. The Test of Creative Thinking - Divergent Production (TCT - DP) was used to gather the data related to creativity in a pre-test and post-test design. For intra-group data analysis a T-test for paired samples was used. For the analysis of the differences between the groups was used an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Participated in the second step of the research nine teachers, three of each group. An instrument developed by the author was used to observe the Creativity Indicators presented by the teachers in a structured classroom. An ANOVA was used for data analysis. The results indicate significant differences between groups in favour of face-to-face and online groups. The implications of the results are discussed based on Vygotsky´s Socio-historical Theory and Myhalyi Csikszentmihalyi´s Systems Perspective.

An emphasis ·on creativity as well as its implications for teacher education is significant for the South African education system. In this study some relevant issues related to the creative teaching of English in the· Junior Primary phase of schooling as well as to the training of teachers are highlighted. The transitional changes that are taking place currently, present a challenge for all educators, particularly language educators. It is evident that teachers need to acquire competencies which would enable them to function effectively in a multicultural, multilingual society. They need to be a skilled, flexible and innovative work-force. The main area of focus. is the training programme used at Springfield College of Education. An analysis of the Junior Primary English Syllabus reveals that there is a need for the programme to be orientated towards the development of creative teachers. This study includes some recommendations for teaching practice and teacher training. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Didactics)

Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)

Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Technology: Design in the Faculty of Informatics and Design at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology 2013 / Digital drawing and animation, using basic computer software, opens up new possibilities in creative practice-­‐led research. The digital medium, with its relative ease of reproduction and storage of images, facilitates a reflective method of thinking-­‐while-­‐ drawing, thereby stimulating the creative process and providing a unique means of reflection-­‐in-­‐action. The computer’s ability to record images allows for temporal disruption, providing possibilities for exploring alternative creative solutions as well as retrospective, reflection-­‐on-­‐action. This thesis presents an interrogation of the researcher’s creative practice, as well as the findings and creative artefacts of other relevant practitioners in the field of digital drawing, animation, and related creative activities. A reflexive methodology was used to investigate the relationship between making, doing, and knowing in creative practice. The findings are supported by creative outputs (making), reflection on the creative process in relation to supporting literature (doing), and knowledge resulting from this reflection together with related theoretical research (knowing). The research revealed that digital drawing and animation supports new modes of making resulting in the production of original creative artefacts. It was further revealed that in relation to “doing”, the digital medium supports reflective practice by enabling the creative practitioner to document and reflect on these outputs both during and after making. The resulting reflexive actions combined with theoretical research lead to revelations concerning the relationship between thinking and drawing when using digital media as well as in a broader sense. The study thus contributes insights concerning art and design thinking, and makes a contribution to new developments in visual arts and design research. Practice-­‐led research introduces a theoretical paradigm that has methodological implications particularly in the context of the current re-­‐structuring and transformation of art and design education at South African Universities of Technology. The findings indicate that digital drawing and animation can encourage a critical and reflective approach not only in the work of creative practitioners by supporting new modes of making, but that it also has positive implications for visual arts research and teaching. In this regard the research highlights the need for promoting the integration of theory and practice in visual arts and design education curricula.

Thesis (MEd (Education))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. / Current insights into the South African education crisis suggest that emphasis needs to be placed on developing teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKfT) through ongoing professional development. Aiming to provide insight into teacher professional development, this research describes an initiative undertaken by a group of Mathematics teachers who formed a Community of Practice at their school. Through the implementation of Habits of Mind that promotes Relational Understanding, these teachers attempt to improve the teaching and learning of Mathematics at their school, and further their professional development. A qualitative phenomenological design of inquiry was conducted to describe the teachers’ experiences when implementing Habits of Mind in their teaching. Group interviews, individual interviews and documentary sources were used to gain a rich description of the lived experiences of these teachers during the research period. To analyse the data a combination of Giorgi’s phenomenological model and the interconnected model of professional growth was used. Results indicate three insights into teacher professional development: (1) Communities of Practice promote the sharing and development of MKfT though the mechanism of collaboration; (2) Teachers are challenged when implementing intervention strategies as firstly their learners are challenged in their literacy ability which limits their articulation in Mathematics lessons, and secondly they are faced with time constraints imposed by workload demands; (3) The attempt to implement intervention strategies within a Community of Practice, despite being challenging, encourages reflective practice which informs individuals’ professional practice and supports ongoing professional development.

Este estudo investiga os efeitos de um programa de criatividade ministrado na modalidade de educação a distância com professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, comparados com um grupo presencial e um grupo controle. O desenvolvimento do programa foi fundamentado no método histórico-crítico. A metodologia utilizada no estudo foi quantitativa e qualitativa e realizada em duas etapas. Participaram da primeira etapa, 60 professores, que foram randomicamente organizados em três grupos: online, presencial e controle. O Test of Creative Thinking – Divergent Production (TCT - DP) foi utilizado na coleta dos dados relativos à criatividade em um desenho de pré-teste e pós-teste. Para a análise dos dados intragrupos foi utilizado o Teste T para amostras pareadas. Para a análise das diferenças entre os grupos foi utilizada uma análise de variância (ANOVA). Participaram da segunda etapa da pesquisa, nove professores, sendo três de cada um dos grupos. Um instrumento elaborado pelo autor foi utilizado para observação dos Indicadores de Criatividade apresentados pelos professores em uma aula estruturada. Uma ANOVA foi utilizada para análise dos dados. Os resultados indicam diferenças significativas entre os grupos a favor dos grupos online e presencial. As implicações dos resultados são discutidas fundamentadas na Teoria Sócio- Histórica de Vygotsky e na Perspectiva de Sistemas de Myhalyi Csikszentmihalyi. Estudos futuros são sugeridos assim como as limitações desse estudo elencadas. / This study investigates the effects of a creativity program administered in the form of distance education with teachers of the initial years of the basic teaching, compared with a face-to-face group and a control group. The development of the program was grounded on the historical- critical method. The methodology of the study was quantitative and qualitative and performed in two steps. Participated in the first stage, 60 teachers who were randomly organized in three groups: online, face-to-face and control. The Test of Creative Thinking - Divergent Production (TCT - DP) was used to gather the data related to creativity in a pre-test and post-test design. For intra-group data analysis a T-test for paired samples was used. For the analysis of the differences between the groups was used an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Participated in the second step of the research nine teachers, three of each group. An instrument developed by the author was used to observe the Creativity Indicators presented by the teachers in a structured classroom. An ANOVA was used for data analysis. The results indicate significant differences between groups in favour of face-to-face and online groups. The implications of the results are discussed based on Vygotsky´s Socio-historical Theory and Myhalyi Csikszentmihalyi´s Systems Perspective.

Este estudo investiga os efeitos de um programa de criatividade ministrado na modalidade de educação a distância com professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, comparados com um grupo presencial e um grupo controle. O desenvolvimento do programa foi fundamentado no método histórico-crítico. A metodologia utilizada no estudo foi quantitativa e qualitativa e realizada em duas etapas. Participaram da primeira etapa, 60 professores, que foram randomicamente organizados em três grupos: online, presencial e controle. O Test of Creative Thinking – Divergent Production (TCT - DP) foi utilizado na coleta dos dados relativos à criatividade em um desenho de pré-teste e pós-teste. Para a análise dos dados intragrupos foi utilizado o Teste T para amostras pareadas. Para a análise das diferenças entre os grupos foi utilizada uma análise de variância (ANOVA). Participaram da segunda etapa da pesquisa, nove professores, sendo três de cada um dos grupos. Um instrumento elaborado pelo autor foi utilizado para observação dos Indicadores de Criatividade apresentados pelos professores em uma aula estruturada. Uma ANOVA foi utilizada para análise dos dados. Os resultados indicam diferenças significativas entre os grupos a favor dos grupos online e presencial. As implicações dos resultados são discutidas fundamentadas na Teoria Sócio- Histórica de Vygotsky e na Perspectiva de Sistemas de Myhalyi Csikszentmihalyi. Estudos futuros são sugeridos assim como as limitações desse estudo elencadas. / This study investigates the effects of a creativity program administered in the form of distance education with teachers of the initial years of the basic teaching, compared with a face-to-face group and a control group. The development of the program was grounded on the historical- critical method. The methodology of the study was quantitative and qualitative and performed in two steps. Participated in the first stage, 60 teachers who were randomly organized in three groups: online, face-to-face and control. The Test of Creative Thinking - Divergent Production (TCT - DP) was used to gather the data related to creativity in a pre-test and post-test design. For intra-group data analysis a T-test for paired samples was used. For the analysis of the differences between the groups was used an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Participated in the second step of the research nine teachers, three of each group. An instrument developed by the author was used to observe the Creativity Indicators presented by the teachers in a structured classroom. An ANOVA was used for data analysis. The results indicate significant differences between groups in favour of face-to-face and online groups. The implications of the results are discussed based on Vygotsky´s Socio-historical Theory and Myhalyi Csikszentmihalyi´s Systems Perspective.