Inaug-diss. - Göttingen. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzelehnis": p. [vii]-viii.

Erlangen, Jur. Fak., Inaugural-Diss. 1927. / "Literaturverzeichnis": p. [iv]-vii.

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The research investigated the legal status of the Sulha in the criminal law of the State of Israel. This research is a qualitative-interpretative-exploratory single case study. Its main goal was to create scientific and professional knowledge with practical ramifications for the judicial world, as well as to develop a new theory and model of the Israeli criminal process that would allow for the incorporation of Sulha within the Israeli criminal process. The qualitative data collection methods and sources used were structured interviews, a Delphi survey, documents, the researcher's professional experience and a personal diary. The 16 interviewees were professional, credible, trustworthy and expert people in their field. Seven (7) experts in the field made up the Delphi panel. The research met all of its goals and objectives of the study questions: What is the legal status of Sulha in Israeli criminal law? How can the Sulha be incorporated in Israeli criminal law, and what contribution would Sulha make in this respect? What action is required for Sulha to be incorporated in Israeli criminal law? The findings showed that criminal statutory laws, Israeli courts, and parole committees do not recognize the Sulha as an alternative conflict settlement venue in criminal cases. The findings showed that Israeli courts and parole committees have two principal approaches to the question of the legal status of the institution of Sulha in Israeli criminal law. One approach refuses to grant the institution of Sulha any binding legal status in Israeli criminal law, while according to the other approach Sulha can serve as a consideration in a person’s favor, but not as a decisive consideration, and certainly not one that binds the courts or parole committees. The findings showed that it would be possible to enhance the Israeli criminal law by incorporating the Sulha within the criminal law. Incorporation of the Sulha in the Israeli criminal law would enhance and improve the Israeli criminal law by achieving speedy justice, by reducing the caseload of the courts, by increasing public confidence in the criminal process and the judicial activity, by reducing the frequency of erroneous judgments, by achieving restorative justice, by promoting reconciliation and by facilitating the achievement of peace between the parties affected by the criminal act. Further, the Sulha could contribute greatly to reconciliation and to the installment of peace in Israeli society and achieves restorative justice. A bill (law draft) has been prepared for the incorporation of the Sulha in the criminal law in Israel. The researcher is convinced that the Knesset (lsraeli Parlament) will approve it as soon as possible.

In spite of legislative, judicial, and governmental initiatives, Indigenous youth continue to face over-representation in the Canadian criminal justice system. While the Government of Canada appears to be closer than ever to accepting wide scale self-governance of Indigenous peoples, there are a number of obstacles within the proposed solutions that will continue to prevent Indigenous youth from achieving sentencing equity. This thesis asks the question, to what extent can the Youth Criminal Justice Act and supporting regulations be reformed in order to effectively “rehabilitate and reintegrate” Indigenous youth and serve the Government of Canada mandate of “reconciliation;” or, considering the colonialist underpinning of Canadian legislation, to what extent do Indigenous youth require alternative solutions to establish equitable justice? In answering this question, this thesis engages the theoretical framework of Critical Race Theory to examine existing legislation, jurisprudence, programs, and institutions geared towards creating sentencing equity for Indigenous youth in Canada, ultimately proposing recommendations for a more fair criminal justice system.

No description available.

O presente trabalho de cunho dissertativo teve como objetivo analisar o direito penal do inimigo sobre a ótica do Direito Penal, considerando os regimes de governo bem como as razões do Estado em suas políticas de retenção. Para tanto, foram avaliados alguns aspectos legais, de funcionalidade da própria norma jurídica, bem como aspectos sociológicos, principalmente no que pertine ao etiquetamento social, a exclusão de classes sociais, o fomento à riqueza e a segmentação de normas de abrangência contida. Tendo como ponto de partida o direito penal do inimigo da obra de Gunther Jakobs, onde se fomenta o direito penal do inimigo baseado em uma concepção de exclusão do direito do cidadão, uma ruptura com o pacto social de Rousseau, bem como das ideias de Fichte. Evoluindo para o direito penal do inimigo de Zafaronni, de cunho mais contemporâneo, com uma visão dos países periféricos, onde o etiquetamento e a rigidez penal e processual de medidas cautelares mais repressivas e dogmáticas traduzem o real sentido do direito penal do inimigo. Seguindo pela linha explicativa do direito penal do inimigo estadunidense e da Grã-Bretanha, onde se traça um paralelo entre a aplicação do direito penal das duas culturas, independente do regime democrático existente nos dois países. É diante deste contexto social e aparentemente lastreado por um conteúdo democrático que iremos analisar no decorrer do presente trabalho o porquê da intitulação contida na presente obra, porque o inimigo é a lei. Analisando os aspectos não somente penais de abrangência do direito penal do inimigo, mas as circunstâncias de uma eleição desigual onde se trata o direito penal como um direito de escolha de um Estado forte e de um enfraquecimento dos direitos e garantias individuais.

LL.D. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Magister Legum - LLM / South Africa

Magister Legum - LLM