No description available.

No description available.

Research in cultural psychology suggests that East Asians are more likely than North Americans to be sensitive to contextual information. By contrast, much evidence suggests that even North Americans judgments are influenced by affective priming information, the effect of which can be seen as another type of contextual cue. However, the magnitude of such priming effect has not been tested in a cross-cultural context. Using the methodology of the affective priming paradigm, we conducted two studies, in which we manipulated (a) the timing of priming information (simultaneous vs. sequential) and (b) the type of affective information (background landscape vs. background human figures), in which European Canadians and Japanese judged either happy or sad facial expressions in the focal area of the scene. The results indicate that the two cultural groups are similar when contextual information is salient, but only Japanese remain sensitive to context with subtle cues.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-101).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 73-84).

This study explores automobile online brand communities in the different cultural contexts between South Korea and the United States. The core assumption is that members of automobile online brand communities in different cultures have different motivation orientations to visit their online communities and have different community experiences. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions were utilized as embedded cultural circumstances in examining relationships between different motivation orientations and community experiences. Two steps of qualitative and quantitative research methods were adopted to determine the relationships among community members’ motivation orientations, community experiences, and satisfaction. The study found that Korean automobile online brand community (KAOBC) members have stronger social, business, and communication motivations than American automobile online brand community (AAOBC) members. These community members’ motivations also influenced their community experiences. Both social network motivations and communication motivations are crucial predictors for four community experiences: Community loyalty, trust, membership identity, and word of mouth (WOM). Community members who have a stronger social networking and/or communication motivation are more likely to have a higher level of community loyalty, trust, membership identity, and WOM. Finally, community experiences were the most important indicators of the satisfaction of online community members among nationality, demographic factors, and motivation orientations.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2002. / "May 2002." Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-81).

No description available.

This study examines dance terminologies and documentation of Korean and French court dances, Jeongjae and Belle Dance, respectively. For Belle Dance, Raoul Feuillet's Chorégraphie (1700) and Pierre Rameau's Maître à Danser (1725) provide lists of movement terms, definitions of them, and instructions for how to enact them. For Jeongjae, Jeongjae mudo holgi, written in the nineteenth century, comprises diagrams and descriptions of dance movements. These sources have their own ways of converting dance movement into language, revealing the divergent perspectives toward body movement in each culture. Their divergent modes of documenting dance demonstrate the characteristic ways of expressing and constructing knowledge of body movement of their historical and cultural contexts. By comparing the terminologies and documentation that carry historically and culturally specific concepts, I explore underlying assumptions about what kinds of information are considered knowledge and preserved through articulation in words and graphic symbols. This study addresses the research question, what do dance terminologies and processes of documentation suggest about perspectives on dance movement in two distinct dance cultures. To articulate the differences, this study examines selected documents as a whole and dance terms in specific. The significance of characteristic features found in the textual analysis will be illuminated through an exploration of intertextual relationships between the dance texts and important sources of the period that focus on the body and how it is conceived in relation to the human being. This study suggests that, dance documents, which translate selected aspects of dance movement into words and graphic symbols, encapsulate historically and culturally specific ways of knowing dance movement. Intending to capture movement analytically and visually, Belle Dance treatises attempt to establish objective knowledge of dance. This mode of knowing corresponds to philosophical and practical milieus that constructed the theory of mind-body dualism, mathematical foundations of modern science, and reliance on sense perceptions. In contrast, Jeongjae documents take the performer's experience as the standard point of view, considering his or her inner experience as well as observable results of movement. Correspondingly, Korean traditional culture adhered to a holistic view of the body and promoted implicit expressions to describe body movements. / Dance

Os primeiros anos de vida são fundamentais para a predição do desenvolvimento infantil normativo. Quando diagnosticada alguma alteração precocemente, a estimulação adequada irá reduzir, minimizar ou sanar as consequências deletérias desta alteração promovendo melhor qualidade de vida e desenvolvimento futuro do lactente. Para o diagnóstico precoce de alterações no desenvolvimento infantil é indispensável avaliação detalhada de todas as áreas do desenvolvimento. A Escala de Desenvolvimento Mental de Griffiths III é um instrumento de diagnóstico envolvendo cinco áreas: Fundamentos do Aprendizado, Linguagem e Comunicação, Coordenação Olho-Mão, Pessoal-Social-Emocional e Motora Grossa. O objetivo foi realizar adaptação transcultural da Escala de Desenvolvimento Mental de Griffiths III e sua normatização para os lactentes brasileiros. Após cumprimentos dos aspectos éticos, foi realizada adaptação transcultural do instrumento seguindo as etapas: tradução por dois tradutores juramentados, do inglês para o português brasileiro; síntese das traduções; retrotradução por dois nativos do idioma inglês e fluentes no idioma português brasileiro; análise por comitê de especialistas; aplicação da versão pré-final em estudo piloto; envio da documentação para os autores da Escala original. Para normatização foram avaliados 216 lactentes, com desenvolvimento típico, comprovado pelo histórico coletado na anamnese, aplicação do protocolo de Observação do Comportamento Comunicativo e do Teste de Screening de Desenvolvimento Denver II. As características quanto ao gênero e classificação socioeconômica da casuística foi proporcional à realidade brasileira. Foi realizada análise descritiva do processo de adaptação transcultural e tratamento estatístico com aplicação do Teste de Mann-Whitney e correlação de Spearman. A normatização do desempenho dos lactentes brasileiros na EDMG III foi realizada por meio da progressão linear de uma faixa etária para a seguinte (mês a mês), com a utilização de valores de média e desvio padrão suavizados. O processo de adaptação transcultural foi seguido, com necessidade de mínimas adaptações mantendo equivalência semântica, idiomática, experimental e conceitual. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre desempenho de meninos e meninas; houve correlação direta e significante entre escolaridade materna e condição socioeconômica; devido às particularidades da casuística, não foi observada correlação direta entre condição socioeconômica e desempenho na Escala; verificouse correlação forte, direta e estatisticamente significante entre o desempenho dos lactentes nas cinco subescalas. Após normatização dos dados, afirma-se que a Idade de Desenvolvimento se apresenta similar entre as Subescalas, seguindo um padrão de aumento na pontuação bruta de acordo com o aumento da idade cronológica, seguindo o curso do desenvolvimento típico. Concluiu-se que foi realizada a adaptação transcultural da Escala de desenvolvimento Mental Griffiths III de 0 a 72 meses, incluindo o Livro de Anotações e o Livro de Desenho. A normatização deste instrumento foi concluída para a faixa etária de 0 a 24 meses, com valores normativos referente à Idade de Desenvolvimento. / The first years of life are fundamental to the prediction of normative infant development. When an early diagnosis is made, adequate stimulation will reduce, minimize or remedy the deleterious consequences of this change, promoting better quality of life and future development of the infant. For the early diagnosis of changes in child development, a detailed evaluation of all areas of development is indispensable. The Griffiths Mental Development Scale III is a diagnostic tool involving five areas: Fundamentals of Learning, Language and Communication, Eye-Hand Coordination, Personal-Social-Emotional and Gross Motor. The objective was to perform transcultural adaptation of the Griffiths Mental Development Scale III and its normalization for Brazilian infants. After observing the ethical aspects, the transcultural adaptation of the instrument was carried out following the steps: translation by two sworn translators, from English into Brazilian Portuguese; synthesis of translations; back translation by two native speakers of the English language and fluent in the Brazilian Portuguese language; analysis by expert committee; application of the prefinal version in a pilot study; sending the documentation to the authors of the original Scale. For normalization, 216 infants were evaluated, with a typical development, as evidenced by the history collected in the anamnesis, application of the Communicative Behavior Observation protocol and the Denver II Development Screening Test. The characteristics of the gender and socioeconomic classification of the sample were proportional to the Brazilian reality. A descriptive analysis of the cross-cultural adaptation process and statistical treatment with Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation were performed. The normalization of the performance of Brazilian infants in the EDMG III was performed through linear progression from one age group to the next (month to month), using mean and standard deviation values smoothed. The process of cross-cultural adaptation was followed, with the need for minimal adaptations maintaining semantic, idiomatic, experimental and conceptual equivalence. There was no statistically significant difference between boys\' and girls\' performance; there is a direct and significant correlation between maternal schooling and socioeconomic status; due to the particularities of the sample, no direct correlation was observed between socioeconomic status and performance in the Scale; there was a strong, direct and statistically significant correlation between infant performance in the five subscales. After normalization of the data, it is stated that the Development Age is similar among the subscales, following a pattern of increase in the gross score according to the increase of the chronological age, following the course of the typical development. It was concluded that the transcultural adaptation of the Griffiths Mental Development Scale III from 0 to 72 months was carried out, including the Record Book and the Drawing Book. The normalization of this instrument was completed for the age group from 0 to 24 months, with normative values referring to the Age of Development.