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Lo studio presentato in questa sede concerne applicazioni di saldatura LASER caratterizzate da aspetti di non-convenzionalità ed è costituito da tre filoni principali. Nel primo ambito di intervento è stata valutata la possibilità di effettuare saldature per fusione, con LASER ad emissione continua, su pannelli Aluminum Foam Sandwich e su tubi riempiti in schiuma di alluminio. Lo studio ha messo in evidenza numerose linee operative riguardanti le problematiche relative alla saldatura delle pelli esterne dei componenti ed ha dimostrato la fattibilità relativa ad un approccio di giunzione LASER integrato (saldatura seguita da un post trattamento termico) per la realizzazione della giunzione completa di particolari tubolari riempiti in schiuma con ripristino della struttura cellulare all’interfaccia di giunzione. Il secondo ambito di intervento è caratterizzato dall’applicazione di una sorgente LASER di bassissima potenza, operante in regime ad impulsi corti, nella saldatura di acciaio ad elevato contenuto di carbonio. Lo studio ha messo in evidenza come questo tipo di sorgente, solitamente applicata per lavorazioni di ablazione e marcatura, possa essere applicata anche alla saldatura di spessori sub-millimetrici. In questa fase è stato messo in evidenza il ruolo dei parametri di lavoro sulla conformazione del giunto ed è stata definita l’area di fattibilità del processo. Lo studio è stato completato investigando la possibilità di applicare un trattamento LASER dopo saldatura per addolcire le eventuali zone indurite. In merito all’ultimo ambito di intervento l’attività di studio si è focalizzata sull’utilizzo di sorgenti ad elevata densità di potenza (60 MW/cm^2) nella saldatura a profonda penetrazione di acciai da costruzione. L’attività sperimentale e di analisi dei risultati è stata condotta mediante tecniche di Design of Experiment per la valutazione del ruolo preciso di tutti i parametri di processo e numerose considerazioni relative alla formazione di cricche a caldo sono state suggerite. / This dissertation concerns LASER-based joining and welding applications characterized by non-conventional prerogatives. The work is divided into three main topics: LASER joining of hybrid cellular-structured materials, with particular attention to aluminum foam sandwiches and foam-cored tubes, short-pulse LASER micro welding of high carbon steels and high power density continuous wave LASER welding of structural steels. The first topic investigates the role of LASER in joining hybrid components characterized by an external dense skin and an internal foam core. In particular the possibility of achieving both the fusion welding of the skin and the restoration of the cellular structure at the welding interface is assessed and the main guidelines concerning an integrated LASER welding - LASER heat treatment processing cycle are suggested. The second topic deals with the application of a low-power nanosecond pulsed LASER source in welding high carbon steels. The study points out that an accurate selection of pulse-related parameters allows to achieve sound micro-joints characterized by a penetration between 20 and 200 microns. These results point out the possibility to consider the construction of integrated LASER manufacturing cells in which, with the same low-cost source and on the same workpiece positioning, welding, cutting, marking and texturing processes can be performed. The study is completed by the investigation of the possibility to carry out a LASER post welding heat treatment for annealing the eventual hardened zones occurring in the welded material. The last topic deals with high power density LASER welding of carbon steels: by exploiting a high brilliance fiber source, capable of achieving 60 MW/cm^2, high penetration weld beads were obtained. By means of Design of Experiment techniques the role of radiation power, welding speed and beam focal position is assessed and several considerations were made concerning the influence of this kind of process on hot cracks formation.

Alcune patologie dell’occhio come la retinopatia diabetica, il pucker maculare, il distacco della retina possono essere curate con un intervento di vitrectomia. I rischi associati all’intervento potrebbero essere superati ricorrendo alla vitrectomia enzimatica con plasmina in associazione o in sostituzione della vitrectomia convenzionale. Inoltre, l’uso di plasmina autologa eviterebbe problemi di rigetto. La plasmina si ottiene attivando il plasminogeno con enzimi quali l’attivatore tissutale (tPA) e l’urochinasi ( uPA ) . La purificazione del plasminogeno dal sangue avviene normalmente attraverso cromatografia di affinità con resina. Tuttavia, le membrane di affinità costituiscono un supporto ideale per questa applicazione poiché possono essere facilmente impaccate prima dell’intervento, permettendo la realizzazione di un dispositivo monouso che fornisce un processo rapido ed economico. Obiettivo di questo lavoro è la preparazione di membrane di affinità per la purificazione del plasminogeno utilizzando L-lisina come ligando di affinità. Per questo scopo sono state usate membrane in cellulosa rigenerata ad attivazione epossidica, modificate con due diversi protocolli per l’immobilizzazione di L-lisina. La densità ligando è stata misurata mediante un saggio colorimetrico che usa l’acido arancio 7 come indicatore. La resa di immobilizzazione è stata studiata in funzione del tempo di reazione e della concentrazione di L-lisina. Le membrane ottimizzate sono state caratterizzate con esperimenti dinamici usando siero bovino e umano, i risultati sono stati confrontati con quelli ottenuti in esperimenti paralleli condotti con una resina commerciale di affinità con L-lisina. Durante gli esperimenti con siero, le frazioni provenienti da ogni fase cromatografica sono state raccolte e analizzate con HPLC ed elettroforesi SDS-PAGE. In particolare, l’elettroforesi dei campioni eluiti presenta una banda del plasminogeno ben definita indicando che le membrane di affinità con L-lisina sono adatte alla purificazione del plasminogeno. Inoltre, è emerso che le membrane hanno maggiore produttività della resina commerciale di riferimento. / Some eye conditions like diabetic rethinopaty, macular pukers, retinal detachment may benefit from vitreoctomy. Enzymatic vitreoctomy with plasmin is envisaged to augment or even replace conventional vitreoctomy by proposed means of less surgical risks. In addition, the use of autologous plasmin is beneficial since it avoids rejection problems. Plasmin can be obtained by conversion of plasminogen using a variety of enzymes, including tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). The purification of plasminogen from blood is normally performed with bead-based affinity chromatography. However, for ophthalmology applications affinity membranes are ideally suited for the development of a disposable device to be used directly by the surgeon in the operating theatre, since they can be easily packed in small units providing a fast and economic process. Objective of this work was the preparation of affinity membranes for plasminogen purification using L-lysine as affinity ligand. To this aim epoxy activated regenerated cellulose membranes were used as a support for L-lysine immobilization. Two different binding protocols were tested and ligand density was measured using a colorimetric assay with Orange 7 as indicator. L-lysine immobilization yield has been studied as a function of reaction time and L-lysine concentration. The optimized membranes have been characterized in dynamic experiments using bovine and human serum; the results have been compared with the ones obtained in parallel experiments performed with a commercial L-lysine affinity resin used as a benchmark. During chromatographic experiments with serum, fractions have been collected and analyzed with both HPLC and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. In particular, from SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis a well-defined plasminogen band can be shown in the eluted samples indicating that the L-lysine affinity membranes are suitable for the purification of plasminogen. Furthermore, the membranes gave higher productivity than the commercial benchmark.

Polymeric membranes represent a promising technology for gas separation processes, thanks to low costs, reduced energy consumption and limited waste production. The present thesis aims at studying the transport properties of two membrane materials, suitable for CO2 purification applications. In the first part, a polyimide, Matrimid 5218, has been throughout investigated, with particular reference to the effect of thermal treatment, aging and the presence of water vapor in the gas transport process. Permeability measurements showed that thermal history affects relevantly the diffusion of gas molecules across the membrane, influencing also the stability of the separation performances. Subsequently, the effect of water on Matrimid transport properties has been characterized for a wide set of incondensable penetrants. A monotonous reduction of permeability took place at increasing the water concentration within the polymer matrix, affecting the investigated gaseous species to the same extent, despite the different thermodynamic and kinetic features. In this view, a novel empirical model, based on the Free Volume Theory, has been proposed to qualitatively describe the phenomenon. Moreover, according to the accurate representation of the experimental data, the suggested approach has been combined with a more rigorous thermodynamic tool (NELF Model), allowing an exhaustive description of water influence on the single parameters contributing to the gas permeation across the membrane. In the second part, the study has focused on the synthesis and characterization of facilitated transport membranes, able to achieving outstanding separation performances thanks to the chemical enhancement of CO2 permeability. In particular, the transport properties have been investigated for high pressure CO2 separation applications and specific solutions have been proposed to solve stability issues, frequently arising under such severe conditions. Finally, the effect of different process parameters have been investigated, aiming at the identification of the optimal conditions capable to maximize the separation performance.

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Recent developments in information and communication technologies and their incor- poration into the medical domain have opened doors for the enhancement of health care services and thereby increasing the work ow at a reasonable rate. However, to implement such services, current medical system needs to be exible enough to support integration with other systems. This integration should be achieved in a secure manner and the resultant service should be made available to all health professionals and patients. This thesis proposes a new infrastructure for secure medical image sharing between legacy PACS and DI-r. The solution employs OpenID standard for user authentication, OAuth service to grant authorization and IHE XDS-I pro les to store and retrieve medical im- ages and associated meta data. In the proposed infrastructure cooperative agents are employed to provide a user action, patient consent and system policy based access con- trol mechanism to securely share medical images. This allows safe integration of PACS and DI-r systems within a standard EHR system. In addition to this, a behavior-pattern based security policy enhancement feature is added to the system to assist the system security administrator. The resulting secure and interoperable medical imaging systems are easy to expand and maintain. Behavior of the entire system is analysed using general- purpose model driven development tool IBM Rational Rhapsody. The code generation and animation capability of the tool makes it powerful for running e ective simulations. We mainly explore the use of state charts and their interactions with MySQL database to learn the behavior of the system.

Thesis (doctoral)--Università di Berna.

Inaug.-d-ss.--Königsberg. / Cover title. Lebenslauf. Described in the Catalogus codicum manuscriptorum of G. Lami as: Novella Di tre giovani amanti Cod:Car: in 4" 2975. "Das kapitel iv ('Das motiv der rache der geprellten liebhaber') erscheint ... in der 'Zeitschrift der Vereins für volkskunde.' ... 1914." Omitted from this work. "Kapitel v. Text": p. 44-64. "Literaturnachweis": p. 65-72.

Inaug. _ Diss.: Philosophische Fakultät: Mainz: 1968. _ Bibliogr. p. 175 à 183. Index.