Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-20T12:27:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Rafael Mendonca Lisita Pinto - 2014.pdf: 3410801 bytes, checksum: 568a59b5ffe00961f389baa657ee1671 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-10-20T17:34:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Rafael Mendonca Lisita Pinto - 2014.pdf: 3410801 bytes, checksum: 568a59b5ffe00961f389baa657ee1671 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-20T17:34:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Rafael Mendonca Lisita Pinto - 2014.pdf: 3410801 bytes, checksum: 568a59b5ffe00961f389baa657ee1671 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation results of the research developed throughout the Master’s Degree course within the Art and Visual Culture Graduate Program in FAV-UFG. It aims to investigate de representation of uncanny identities in music videos, starting out with some analysis of Lady Gaga’s videos, in order to develop my videographic discourse in my music video “Electric Guitar”. The main goal is to continue creating subversive audiovisuals, which consist in primary and complex products that contemplate several parameters of approach, exploring sensorial matters and establishing bonds with historical, sociological and cultural issues. The first chapter presents Lady Gaga and her artistic body of work which, curiously, defends minorities in spite of the singer being inserted into the star system. The second chapter introduces concept of “the uncanny”, from teoretical dialogues and, also, addresses their presence in music videos. The third chapter focuses on the study of music video as a audiovusal format, its relevance in visual culture and how they develop through media. The forth chapter reapproaches Lady Gaga’s music videos, selected according to this investigation theme, focusing on their analysis. The last chapter discusses the creative experience of “Electric Guitar” through my goal of reassuring the relevance of studying the uncanny and, also, my attempt to expand music video’s frontiers by employing new perspectives to them, without escaping the plastic aesthetics predominant in pop. / Esta dissertação é resultante do projeto de pesquisa realizado através do Programa de Pós-graduação em Arte e Cultura Visual, nível mestrado, da FAV-UFG, e visa apresentar o tema da representação de identidades estranhas em videoclipes, partindo de uma investigação no campo, acompanhada de análises dos clipes da artista Lady Gaga, para a construção do meu discurso videográfico no videoclipe “Electric Guitar”. O principal objetivo é dar continuidade aos discursos audiovisuais de formato subversivo, que consistam em produtos primários complexos os quais contemplem diversos parâmetros de abordagem audiovisual, explorando o sensorial e estabelecendo vínculos com questões de teor histórico, sociológico, cultural etc. O primeiro capítulo apresenta Lady Gaga e seu trabalho artístico que, curiosamente, defende minorias com uma postura favorável da cantora, ainda que ela esteja inserida no star system. O segundo capítulo introduz a temática dos estranhos, explica este conceito a partir de diálogos teóricos e, também, aborda a presença dos estranhos em videoclipes. Já o terceiro capítulo foca no estudo do videoclipe como formato audiovisual, trata da sua relevância na cultura visual e dos seus desdobramentos na mídia. O quarto capítulo volta a tratar dos discursos videográficos de Lady Gaga, porém, com foco na análise de alguns dos seus videoclipes, selecionados de acordo com o tema desta pesquisa. O quinto e último capítulo trata da experiência criativa do videoclipe “Electric Guitar” e do meu objetivo de reforçar as discussões sobre o “estranho” buscando expandir as fronteiras do senso comum a respeito do videoclipe por meio do emprego de novas linguagens, sem promover uma fuga da estética plástica predominante no pop.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:42:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Parte I.pdf: 362728 bytes, checksum: e0afed12fd2c74729f6b39c28c56c290 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This text is the result of a research conducted on the theme Environmental Education in the formal context. We discuss in it concepts of nature, environment and education, discoursing on some categories, through the historical-critical approach. We articulate a dialogue between official documents and the research subjects, considering the language used by teachers, coordinators and students, in their representations of Environmental Education, which are linked to their daily practices. Before all the legal safeguards (legislation, documents) that guide and ensure the development of environmental education in educational institutions, we studied the environmental education, specifically in elementary school (8th grade) in the Southwest region of Paraná, in the headquarter municipalities of the Regional Boards of Education: Francisco Beltrão, Dois Vizinhos and Pato Branco, in 2010, analyzing the objectives of formal Environmental Education, through the speech of the subjects that make up the school. We began this dissertation with a historic walk through the Renaissance - Centuries: fourteenth and fifteenth, placed in Europe - until the rise of modern science, understanding how nature was conceived and represented in this period. The art and writings of this time influenced the scientific observation and experimentation, and, directly, the representation of nature. In the field of education, echoed the Cartesian model of science, expressed directly in the pedagogical thinking of Comenius. This historical and epistemological recovery aims to understand the historical remnants of that period - including the fragmentation of science - and its close ties with the issues that permeate the formal Environmental Education. We chart the paths of Environmental Education, since its establishment until today, showing the important chronological milestones for affirmation of this educational field. We focus on the environmental movement, as well as the categories in which it settle its thoughts and criticisms. Introducing the meanings attributed by the research subjects for Environmental Education, from their enunciations, especially guided in discourse theory, proposed by Mikhail Bakhtin. We followed a dialogue between the official documents, presenting aspects related to National Curriculum Parameters, their creation, use and the constituted proposal from the Transversality. We stress the Basic Education Curriculum Guidelines of the State of Paraná, with emphasis on the Diversity Themed Books, and its notes for Environmental Education. We treat aspects of content and methodologies for Environmental Education, the prospects for learning in this field, based on theoretical concepts of Lev Semenovitch Vygotsky. We show how Environmental Education is valued by teachers, coordinators and students, pointing the wholesome aspects, diagnosing and highlighting the limits and possibilities of its implementation at the schools of the studied region. Among the main limits of Environmental Education, is its presentation and inclusion in the curriculum, who should work, how and when to work, also is the doubt whether or not environmental education shall be a discipline of the school curriculum. The research showed that the Environmental Education, held at the school, has not socio-cultural articulation, it has not been a vector of social change, it has contributed little to this, the way it presents itself and it happens at school / Este texto é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada sobre a temática Educação Ambiental no âmbito formal. Discutimos nele conceitos de natureza, meio ambiente e de educação, discorrendo sobre algumas categorias, por meio da abordagem histórico-crítica. Articulamos um diálogo entre os documentos oficiais e os sujeitos da pesquisa, considerando a linguagem utilizada pelos professores, coordenadores e alunos, nas suas representações sobre Educação Ambiental, que estão vinculadas às suas práticas cotidianas. Diante de todas as garantias legais (leis, documentos) que norteiam e asseguram o desenvolvimento da Educação Ambiental nas instituições de ensino, estudamos a Educação Ambiental, especificamente no Ensino Fundamental (8ª série) na região Sudoeste do Paraná, nos municípios sedes dos Núcleos Regionais de Educação: Francisco Beltrão, Dois Vizinhos e Pato Branco, no ano de 2010, analisando os objetivos da Educação Ambiental formal, através do discurso dos sujeitos que compõem a instituição escolar. Iniciamos a dissertação com uma caminhada histórica pelo Renascimento Séculos: XIV e XV, ocorrido na Europa até o surgimento da Ciência Moderna, compreendendo como a natureza foi pensada e representada nesse período. A arte e os escritos da época influenciaram na observação e experimentação científica, e diretamente nas representações da natureza. No campo da educação, repercutiu o modelo científico cartesiano, expresso diretamente no pensamento pedagógico de Comenius. Essa retomada histórica e epistemológica busca compreender os resquícios desse período histórico entre eles a fragmentação das ciências e os seus estreitos vínculos com as questões que perpassam a Educação Ambiental formal. Cartografamos os percursos da Educação Ambiental, desde sua constituição até os dias atuais, apresentando marcos cronológicos importantes para afirmação desse campo educativo. Enfocamos o movimento ambientalista, bem como as categorias nas quais se assentam suas reflexões e críticas. Apresentamos os sentidos atribuídos pelos sujeitos da pesquisa para a Educação Ambiental, a partir de seus enunciados, pautados especialmente na teoria do discurso, proposta por Mikhail Bakhtin. Traçamos um diálogo entre os documentos oficiais, apresentando aspectos relativos aos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, sua criação, utilização e a proposta constituída a partir da Transversalidade. Destacamos as Diretrizes Curriculares de Educação Básica do Estado do Paraná, com ênfase para os Cadernos Temáticos da Diversidade, e seus apontamentos para a Educação Ambiental. Tratamos aspectos dos conteúdos e metodologias referentes à Educação Ambiental, as perspectivas de aprendizado neste campo, com base nas concepções teóricas de Lev Semenovitch Vygotsky. Mostramos como a Educação Ambiental é avaliada, pelos professores, coordenadores e alunos, apontando aspectos salutares, diagnosticando e destacando os limites e as possibilidades da realização desta nas escolas da região estudada. Entre os principais limites da Educação Ambiental, está a sua forma de apresentação e inserção no currículo, quem deve trabalhar, como trabalhar e quando, também encontra-se a dúvida se a Educação Ambiental deve ou não ser uma disciplina do currículo escolar. A pesquisa mostrou que a Educação Ambiental, realizada na escola, não tem uma articulação sociocultural, ela não tem sido um vetor das mudanças sociais, ela pouco tem contribuído para isso, na forma como se apresenta e acontece na escola

Submitted by Marcia Leitzke (marcia.leitzke@unioeste.br) on 2017-05-23T11:54:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Thamara_Parteka.pdf: 2936748 bytes, checksum: 7e1bd3fd430de10a6e4924f72dd1c655 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-23T11:54:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Thamara_Parteka.pdf: 2936748 bytes, checksum: 7e1bd3fd430de10a6e4924f72dd1c655 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The aim of this study is to analyze official discourses about the state of Paraná made in the first half of the 1950, during the administration of Bento Munhoz da Rocha Neto (1951-1955). In this period there were celebrations for the first centenary of state political emancipation (1953), which contributed to the discursive construction now analyzed. Such celebrations made the Paraná gain much visibility on the national scene, as well as huge dizibilidade caused by the production of many materials, monuments, as well as conferences and other events, whose central proposition is to build an idea about the state of its population, its economy, as well as establishing or consolidating memories and identities. Although many materials coats is a scientific aura, exposing the sole purpose of disseminating facts and statistics on the state, to include a broader set of analysis, they contribute to the construction of discourses on the Paraná, which are widely accepted and widespread, remaining until today. The work focuses on the analysis of documents understood as officials, in view of the sites where they were produced, the organs for which they were financed, and the guys who make the right to speak on behalf of what is understood as Paraná people. The analyzed sources were messages sent by the Governor to the Legislative Assembly in the years 1951 to 1956, the work 1º Centenary of Emancipation Paraná Policy - 1853 to 1953 - State Government Edition, the book of Paraná images, and Brazil Guide Globe Export and Import. / O objetivo geral deste trabalho é analisar discursos sobre o Estado do Paraná constituídos na primeira metade dos anos 1950, durante o governo de Bento Munhoz da Rocha Neto (1951-1955). Neste período ocorreram as comemorações pelo primeiro centenário de emancipação política do Estado (1953), o que contribuiu para a construção discursiva ora analisada. Tais comemorações fizeram o Paraná ganhar muita visibilidade no cenário nacional, além da enorme dizibilidade causada pela produção de inúmeros materiais, monumentos, bem como congressos e outros eventos, cuja proposição central era construir uma ideia sobre o Estado, sobre sua população, sua economia, além de instituir ou reforçar memórias e identidades. Apesar de muitos materiais revestirem-se de uma áurea científica, expondo como único objetivo a divulgação de fatos e dados estatísticos sobre o Estado, compreende-se, num conjunto mais amplo de análise, que eles contribuem para a construção de discursos sobre o Paraná, os quais são amplamente aceitos e difundidos, permanecendo até os dias atuais. O trabalho centra-se na análise de documentos compreendidos como oficiais, tendo em vista os locais onde foram produzidos, os órgãos pelos quais foram financiados e os sujeitos que ganham o direito de falar em nome do que se compreende como povo paranaense. As fontes analisadas foram: mensagens enviadas pelo governador à Assembleia Legislativa entre os anos de 1951 a 1956, a obra 1º Centenário de Emancipação Política do Paraná – 1853 – 1953 – Edição do Governo do Estado, o livro de imagens Paraná, Brasil e o Guia Globo de Exportação e Importação.

Introdução - O conceito de adolescência, enquanto preparação para a fase adulta, esteve historicamente subjugado a um processo de criminalização, em particular para adolescentes pobres e tutelamento de condutas para outros adolescentes. A psicologia, a antropologia, a pediatria e a psiquiatria, entre outras disciplinas, estiveram presentes nesse processo e, posteriormente, na sua crítica. A construção de uma rede de cuidados em saúde mental que atendesse essa população sob outra perspectiva é ainda hoje palco de uma vinculação produtora de ambiguidades, cuidados e descuidados. Objetivo - Analisar as demandas em saúde mental e as práticas institucionais e clinicas geradas nos serviços voltados aos adolescentes cumprindo medidas socioeducativas (MSE). Métodos - Foram analisados os discursos e ações em saúde mental (SM) arrolados nos projetos individuais de acompanhamento de adolescentes cumprindo MSE em dois casos de adolescentes com demandas relacionadas à SM. Realizaram-se dezesseis sessões de GD e duas entrevistas no Centro de Referência Especializado em Assistência Social (CREAS); uma sessão de GD e cinco entrevistas no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS); uma entrevista no Centro de Referência em Assistência Social (CRAS) e uma entrevista com a coordenadora de SM do município. Seguindo a estratégia qualitativa compôs-se uma cartografia dos caminhos visitados utilizando os conceitos de território, rizoma, desejo e intercessores (Deleuze). Resultados - No CREAS foi destacada a demanda relacionada ao uso de drogas e um caso de psicose. Além de outras demandas de sofrimento psíquico relacionadas a categorias delineadas pela pesquisadora como: mentalidade sofredora coletiva, ser \'filho da rede\', processos de vulnerabilidade, preconceito, violência e violação de direitos. A saúde mental apareceu frequentemente como categoria indefinida de cuidado, em que alguns profissionais declararam que não a atendiam, tão somente encaminhavam-na para outros equipamentos da rede de SM. Evidenciou-se a existência de dificuldade e ambiguidade na vinculação do adolescente aos serviços de cumprimento de MSE. Identificou-se no CRAS, um discurso voltado a estratégias de enfrentamento e de resiliência face às situações de vulnerabilidade por parte dos adolescentes. Todavia, esse trabalho é descontinuado diante da desinternação do adolescente e quebra do vínculo de obrigatoriedade. O CAPS AD apareceu como produtor de rede e de cuidado potente em um dos casos atendidos, mas, no outro caso, como instância de cuidado coadjuvante, no seguimento do processo de desinternação do adolescente, incluindo o suporte ao não cometimento futuro de ato infracional e à recaída no uso de drogas. Conclusão - As práticas de cuidado envolvendo o sofrimento psíquico dos adolescentes estão amiúde capturadas pelas questões relacionadas com a compulsoriedade e pelos motivos que levaram o adolescente a essas instituições. Verifica-se igualmente um engessamento do processo de monitoramento no cumprimento das MSE. Esse conjunto de situações dificulta o estabelecimento de relações de real cuidado exigido pelo trabalho em saúde mental enviesando até mesmo a própria ideia dele. As práticas de trabalho articuladas entre os diferentes equipamentos sociais (CREAS, CAPS, CRAS), em um dos casos, mostraram-se capaz de construir potência na vida dos adolescentes. Para isso, far-se-ia necessário construir projetos de aproximação em rede. Entende-se aí que tal cuidado em rede só se mostra efetivo na vinculação do adolescente a uma proposta antecipatória, protetiva e de continuidade não atrelada à questão da compulsoriedade ou a algum vício de origem. Faz necessário o entendimento da dinâmica dos conflitos sociais que permeiam a vida desses adolescentes e podem, sob certas condições, funcionar como alavanca para fazê-los reincidir no ato infracional. / Introduction - The concept of adolescence, as a preparation for adulthood, has historically been subjected to a process of criminalization, particularly for poor adolescents and the provision of conduits for other adolescents. Psychology, anthropology, pediatrics, and psychiatry, among other disciplines, were present in this process and later in its criticism. The construction of a network of mental health care that would serve this population from another perspective is still the scene of a relationship that produces ambiguities, cares and carelessness. Objective - To analyze the demands on mental health and the institutional and clinical practices generated in services aimed at adolescents fulfilling socio-educational measures (MSE). Methods - Mental health (MH) discourses and actions listed in the individual follow-up projects of adolescents fulfilling MSE were analyzed in two cases of adolescents with MS related demands. Sixteen GD sessions and two interviews were held at the Specialized Reference Center on Social Assistance (CREAS); a GD session and five interviews at the Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS); an interview at the Reference Center on Social Assistance (CRAS) and an interview with the coordinator of the municipality\'s MS. Following the qualitative strategy was composed a cartography of the paths visited using the concepts of territory, rhizome, desire and intercessors (Deleuze). Results - In CREAS was highlighted the demand related to the use of drugs and a case of psychosis. In addition to other demands of psychic suffering related to categories delineated by the researcher as: mentally suffering collective, being \'child of the network\', processes of vulnerability, prejudice, violence and violation of rights. Mental health often appeared as an undefined category of care, in which some professionals stated that they did not attend to it, but simply referred it to other equipment in the SM network. It was evidenced the existence of difficulty and ambiguity in the attachment of adolescents to MSE compliance services. A discourse focused on coping and resilience strategies was identified at the CRAS in the face of situations of vulnerability on the part of adolescents. However, this work is discontinued in view of the disaffection of the adolescent and breaking the bond of compulsion. The CAPS AD appeared as a producer of network and powerful care in one of the cases served, but, in the other case, as an adjunct care, following the adolescent disinternation process, including support for the non-committment of an infraction and relapse into drug use. Conclusion - Care practices involving the psychological suffering of adolescents are often captured by issues related to compulsion and the reasons that led adolescents to these institutions. There is also a tightening of the monitoring process in compliance with the SSM. This set of situations makes it difficult to establish relations of real care required by work in mental health, even biasing the very idea of it. The work practices articulated between the different social equipments (CREAS, CAPS, CRAS), in one of the cases, were able to build potency in the life of the adolescents. For this, it would be necessary to construct projects of approximation in network. It is understood that such network care is only effective in linking the adolescent to an anticipatory, protective and continuity proposal that is not tied to the issue of compulsion or to an addiction of origin. It makes necessary the understanding of the dynamics of the social conflicts that permeate the life of these adolescents and can, under certain conditions, act as leverage to make them re-offend in the infraction act.

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo estudar as características reconhecidas como sendo positivas em professores, de acordo com a visão de alunos e professores. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, foram aplicados questionários com uma pergunta aberta respondido por alunos do 5o ano do Ensino Fundamental, além de uma série de entrevistas com professores selecionados de duas escolas públicas. A pesquisa foi baseada no estudo das diversas facetas da atuação do professor em sala de aula (tanto em aspectos comportamentais quanto de atuação), estabelecendo divergências e similaridades nas opiniões defendidas por educandos e educadores. O intuito é dar insumos para entender melhor aspectos da visão que predomina sobre a figura do professor e suas representações na contemporaneidade. / This research had the objective to study the recognized positive characteristics on teachers, according to the students and teachers view. As a data collection tool, questionnaires with an open question answered by students in the fifth grade of elementary schools were applied, as well as a series of interviews with selected teachers from two public schools. The research was based on the study of the various facets of teacher performance in the classroom, taking consideration themselves in behavioral and performance aspects, establishing differences and similarities in the views expressed by students and educators. The intention is to give inputs to better understand aspects of view that predominates over the figure of the teacher and their representations in contemporary times.

Notre étude questionne la réception des discours et pratiques de développement durable et de RSE dans les pays du Sud. Nous adoptons une hypothèse de départ qui est que ces discours placent ces pays en situation de double bind. Après avoir tracé les contours des débats sur le développement durable et la RSE notre recherche empirique porte sur un projet tripartite de solidarité numérique franco-sénégalais. Une approche quasi-ethnographique, parfois auto-ethnographique, inspirée par K. Stewart nous permet de partir à la recherche d‟indice de double bind, de voir comment certaines pratiques, discours ou situations laissent entrevoir un malaise dans la réception. En confrontant ces observations avec le cadre de la théorie du don, nous remarquons que les effets des pratiques et discours dans le cas observé sont à l‟opposé de ce que prédit les recherches sur le don. Le don d‟ordinateurs semble unilatéral, ne crée pas de lien, au contraire semble éloigner les protagonistes. Les théories de Bateson et de l‟école de Palo Alto apportent un regard systémique sur cette situation, montrant que Nord et Sud sont en situation d‟injonctions paradoxales, les poussant vers des toujours plus menaçant de faire éclater la relation (schismogenèse). Nous concluons sur le besoin d‟une part de laisser la multiplication des voix s‟exprimer et d‟autre part une critique qui permettra d‟enfin enclencher un apprentissage. Cette recherche exploratoire mène finalement moins à une critique radicale du développement durable et des actions de RSE, que de la manière dont ils sont concrétisés dans l‟aide au développement. Il faut plusieurs voix, plusieurs acteurs, qui ensemble permettront peut-être un nouveau dialogue Nord-Sud pour une RSE plus responsable, une solidarité numérique plus solidaire, un développement plus durable… / This study investigates reception of discourses and practices about sustainable development and CSR in the Southern countries. It is framed by the assumption that those discourses place these countries in a double bind situation. The debates on sustainability are first delineated; then an empirical investigation inquires upon a digital solidarity project between France and Senegal. A quasi-ethnographic (sometimes auto-ethnogreaphic) approach is adopted, following K. Stewart‟s footsteps, in search for clues of double binds, when some practices, phrases or situations show unease inside the reception process. By comparing our observations with the theoretical frame of the gift, we notice that the effects of the studied discourses and practices are opposite to what gift researchers would predict. Computer donations are unilateral, do not build links and relations, on the contrary they tend to hold off both partners. Bateson‟s and Palo Alto School‟s theories bring a systemic perspective on this situation, showing North and South submitted to paradoxical injunctions, driving them towards the need to give always more that threaten to break up the relation. (schismogenesis). We conclude on the need both to let the expression of multiple voices (instead of the CSR monolinguism), and to allow for a critique that could help trigger learning processes. This exploratory research eventually leads less to a radical critique of sustainability and CSR‟s principles, that on the way they are actualized in development aid projects. We call for more voices, more actors, that together may foster a new dialogue for a more responsible CSR, a more solidary digital solidarity, a more sustainable development

No description available.

This dissertation discusses Gayl Jones’s and Toni Morrison’s characterisation of black women’s journeying towards empowered subjectivity and agency. Through comparative analysis of eight fictional works, I explore the writers’ idea of female freedom and emancipation, the structures of power affecting the transition from oppressed towards liberated subject positions, and the literary techniques through which the authors facilitate these seminal trajectories. My research addresses a corpus comprised of three novels and one book-long poem by Gayl Jones, as well as four novels by Toni Morrison. These two writers emerge in the US literary scene during the 1970s, one of the decades of the second black women’s renaissance (1970s, 1980s). This period witnessed unprecedented developments in US black literature and feminist theorising. In the domain of African American letters, it witnessed the emergence of a host of black women writers such as Gayl Jones and Toni Morrison. This period also marks a turning point in the reconfiguration of African American literature, as several unknown or misplaced literary works by pioneering black women writers were discovered, shifting the chronology of African American literature. Moreover, the second black women's renaissance marks a paradigmatic development in black feminist theorising on womanhood and subjectivity. Many black feminist scholars and activists challenged what they perceived to be the homogenising female subject conceptualised by US white middle-class feminism and the androcentricity of the subject proclaimed by the Black Aesthetic Movement. They claimed that, in focusing solely on gender and patriarchal oppression, white feminism had overlooked the salience of the race/class nexus, while focus by the Black Aesthetic Movement on racism had overlooked the salience of gender and heterosexual discrimination. In this dissertation, I discuss the works of Gayl Jones and Toni Morrison in the context of seminal debates on the nature of the female subject and the racial and gender politics affecting the construction of empowered subjectivities in black women's fiction. Through the metaphor of journeying towards female empowerment, I show how Gayl Jones and Toni Morrison engage in imaginative returns to the past in an attempt to relocate black women as literary subjects of primary importance. I also show how, in the works selected for discussion, a complex idea of modern female subjectivities emerges from the writers' re-examination of the oppressive material and psychological circumstances under which pioneering black women lived, the common practice of sexual exploitation with which they had to contend, and the struggle to assert the dignity of their womanhood beyond the parameters of the white-defined “ideological discourse of true womanhood” (Carby, 1987: 25).

Many Swedish schools collaborate with schools in other countries. This research study focuses teachers’ experiences of transnational school collaboration between Swedish schools and schools in other countries. The aim of the study is to investigate the outcome of such projects and find explanations why teachers make a choice to use international school twinning as a part of their teaching in environmental education. The study concentrates on teachers’ motives for involving their students in transnational school exchange regarding environmental issues. A part of the investigation is also to elucidate how teachers conceive cultural meeting and cooperation that occurs in the context of transnational school exchange projects. The conditions for carrying on such projects are also investigated. The study uses semi-structured interviews with upper secondary school teachers from Sweden and Britain. Most interviews were performed at the respective teachers’ schools. The processing of the interviews consists of transcribing followed by a narrative report and analysis. The investigation shows that the teachers find that their students’ personal development is highly improved by international school exchange both through experiencing a different culture and cooperating with young people from another country. The teachers also believe that their students’ environmental awareness is improved by experiencing investigations and collaboration in another part of the world. The positive effects from the exchange projects are also considered as mutual for the students in both of the cooperating countries.

<p>This dissertation explores local people's framing of externally driven biodiversity conservation approaches in the context of transfrontier conservation initiatives. It uses data from the Madimbo corridor, a specific locality within the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area, situated to the northeast of South Africa along the South Africa-Zimbabwe boundary. It shows that livelihoods, historical experiences with external interventions and exclusion from policy-making processes and programme implementation influence local strategies for engaging with external interventions. Thus, an analysis of framing of external interventions at a local level should establish the following: the role of natural resources in sustaining local livelihoods / local historical experiences with an external intervention / iii) the nature of multi-level actor interactions from local resource dependent people, to national, regional and global actors involved in or affected by an intervention. The study uses a detailed case study of Bennde Mutale village to trace local people&rsquo / s ideas, ways of speaking and actions in response to the implementation of a large-scale transfrontier conservation initiative. The study finds that local livelihoods play a central role in local responses to the changes that transfrontier conservation bring upon people's lives. Many see further exclusion, while some also see and hope for a restoration of the socio-cultural border region. The globally significant biodiversity - to be conserved for &lsquo / future generations&rsquo / &ndash / at the same time constitutes the natural resources that sustain local people&rsquo / s livelihoods. Further, local livelihoods are more diverse than is commonly acknowledged in literature advocating for transfrontier conservation. This lack of acknowledgement of local diversification contributes to the main observation made in this study: that current processes of transfrontier conservation end up replicating and re-inventing the multiple forms of exclusion that have characterised state conservation practices for over a century. While transfrontier conservation enables the freer movement of wildlife, it in fact further constrains the movements of people whose mobility within less closely controlled border regions remains centrally important to survival. At the same time, state actors come into the area with contradicting and conflicting demands ranging from the beneficial advocacy role for land rights to the enforcement of conservation through fences and game rangers, experienced as a direct infringement on livelihood possibilities. The study concludes that there is a need to rethink transfrontier conservation interventions. The diversity of local livelihood approaches needs to be considered more centrally and clearer understanding needs to be developed of how the promises of opportunities, betterment of lives and increased human mobility actually unfold in practice. In order to succeed and deliver on site - not only to high-class tourists seeking to view unique biodiversity but to local people - transfrontier conservation efforts need to engage multiple actors directly from the ground up and throughout the process of policy-making, programme conceptualisation and implementation.</p>