Die subklinische Klauenrehe stellt als Ausgangspunkt für eine Vielzahl daraus resultierender Klauenerkrankungen einen wichtigen Faktor in Bezug auf Tierschutz und Wirtschaftlichkeit von Hochleistungsmilchkühen dar. Die Ätiologie und Pathogenese dieser komplizierten Klauenerkrankung ist bis heute noch nicht eindeutig geklärt. Eine Vielzahl von Faktoren kann die Klauenlederhaut im Sinne einer Reheentwicklung negativ beeinflussen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit sollte der Einfluss der negativen Energiebilanz nach der Kalbung und eines daraus resultierenden Fettmobilisationssyndroms auf die Entwicklung rehetypischer Anzeichen an den Klauen untersucht werden. Weiterhin sollte geprüft werden, inwieweit die thermographische Untersuchung der Klauen nach der Kalbung, also dem predistinierten Zeitpunkt für die Entwicklung einer Klauenrehe, in der Lage ist, Aufschluss über den Entzündungszustand der Lederhaut zu geben und dementsprechend als frühdiagnostisches Mittel zur Erkennung der subklinischen Klauenrehe Anwendung finden kann. Die Temperaturverteilung über die einzelnen Hauptklauen und die Veränderung dieser im Laufe der Frühlaktation, sowie Unterschiede zwischen primiparen und multiparen Tieren wurde untersucht. Hierfür wurden die Klauen von 123 Kühen und Färsen bzw. Jungkühen aus drei Milchviehanlagen mit ähnlichen Jahresleistungen und verschiedenen Stallböden in der ersten Woche nach der Kalbung, sowie nach Vollendung des zweiten Laktationsmonats bezüglich des Vorliegens einer Lahmheit und, nach der Durchführung einer funktionellen Klauenpflege, auf Anzeichen der subklinischen Klauenrehe durch Vergabe eines Klauenscores untersucht und zusätzlich mittels Thermographie der Fußungsfläche analysiert. Um den Einfluss des Stoffwechsels auf die Reheentwicklung definieren zu können, erfolgten im Zeitraum von 8 Wochen vor der Kalbung bis 8 Wochen nach der Kalbung in regelmäßigen Abständen Messungen der Rückenfettdicke sowie Blutprobenentnahme zur Bestimmung der jeweiligen Freien-Fettsäuren- (FFS), ß-Hydroxybutyrat- (BHB) und Glucosekonzentrationen. Um den Einfluss anderer Stoffwechselentgleisungen abzugrenzen, wurden weiterhin die Parameter Lactat, Gesamtprotein, Albumin, Harnstoff, Calcium, Creatinkinase (CK), Aspartataminotransferase (ASAT) und Lactatdehydrogenase (LDH) bestimmt. Bei der Beurteilung von Lahmheit und Reheanzeichen stellte sich eine signifikante Zunahme letztgenannter nach dem zweiten Laktationsmonat dar. Die Lahmheitsinzidenz nahm dagegen leicht ab. Gummiböden hatten insgesamt einen positiven Effekt auf die Reheentwicklung. Jungkühe wiesen deutlich stärkere rehetypische Veränderungen (Hämorrhagien, Gelbverfärbungen im Horn, weiches Horn) auf als ältere Tiere. Die rehetypischen Veränderungen konzentrierten sich dabei bei allen Probanden auf die hinteren Lateralklauen. Die Thermographie zeigte gravierende Differenzen zwischen den Vorder- und Hintergliedmaßen, sowie zwischen Lateral- und Medialklauen. Die Hinterklauen waren deutlich (p<0,0001) wärmer als die Vorderklauen. Die Lateralklauen der Hintergliedmaßen zeigten sich wärmer als die Medialklauen, während es sich an den Vorderklauen tendenziell umgekehrt verhielt. Im Laktationsverlauf ließ sich eine leichte Zunahme der Differenzen beobachten, wobei sich die Absoluttemperaturen kaum unterschieden. Obwohl die Verteilung von rehetypischen Veränderungen dem Muster der Temperaturverteilung über die Hauptklauen entsprach (hintere Lateralklauen hatten die meisten rehetypischen Veränderungen und die höchsten Temperaturen), konnte keine eindeutige Korrelation zwischen der Klauentemperatur nach der Kalbung und den sichtbaren Reheveränderungen acht Wochen später gefunden werden. Die Temperaturverteilung auf den einzelnen Hauptklauen zeigte in den meisten Fällen (77,3 %) einen um ca. 2-3°C wärmeren Ballenbereich (Rusterholzstelle) im Vergleich zur Klauenspitze. Bei 16,5 % der Klauen waren beide Bereiche gleichwarm (Temperaturunterschied < 1°C) und bei einem geringen Anteil (6,2 %) zeigte sich die Spitze als wärmste Stelle an der Fußungsfläche. Zwischen der Höhe der Rückenfettdicke, der FFS-, BHB- und Glucosekonzentrationen und der Entwicklung einer subklinischen Klauenrehe ergaben sich keine aussagekräftigen Korrelationen. Tendenziell waren eher unterkonditionierte Tiere von Klauenveränderungen betroffen. Schlussfolgerung: Obwohl die Temperaturverteilung auf der Fußungsfläche dem Verteilungsmuster rehetypischer Veränderungen entsprach, war die Thermographie nicht als frühdiagnostisches Mittel zur Erkennung der subklinischen Klauenrehe geeignet. Die Temperaturen zwischen Vorder- und Hinterklauen sowie zwischen Lateral- und Medialklauen unterschieden sich deutlich. Eine direkte Beeinflussung der Klauen durch das Fettmobilisationssyndrom konnte in den hier durchgeführten Untersuchungen nicht gefunden werden.

Content removed due to copyright restrictions: Burggraaf, V.T., Kemp, P.D., Thom, E.R., Waghorn,G.C., Woodfield, D.R. & Woodward, S.L. (2004) Performance of dairy cows grazing white clover selected for increased floral condensed tannin. Preliminary report from experiments presented in Chapter 4 published in the 2004 Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association. / Legumes containing 20 to 40 g of condensed tannin (CT) per kg of dry matter (DM) can improve dairy cow milk production by reducing ruminal protein degradation to ammonia and preventing bloat. White clover (Triflium repens L.) produces CT in its flower heads. High tannin (HT) white clover, bred for increased flowering and increased floral CT concentration, was evaluated under dairy grazing in Hamilton, New Zealand. Its performance in monoculture was compared to that of Grasslands Huia white clover over two years, and five short-term grazing experiments determined its effects on Friesian dairy cows. Huia and HT had similar floral CT concentrations, ranging from 15 to 77 g/kg DM over two flowering seasons. HT clover had higher flower densities than Huia until the second summer after sowing, resulting in higher clover (leaf plus flower) CT concentrations. Clover CT peaked at 12.1 g/kg DM for HT and 5.7 g/kg DM for Huia. HT swards had lower stolon growing point densities than Huia swards and annual DM yields averaged 10.0 and 11.0 t DM/ha for the respective clovers. The ingress of non-sown white clover genotypes reduced treatment differences in the last 10 months of the experiment. Mild bloat occurred in cows grazing both clovers. Cows grazing HT white clover had rumen ammonia concentrations 5 to 26% lower than that of cows grazing Huia, indicating less proteolysis in the rumen of HT cows, but there were no consistent effects on rumen soluble protein or volatile fatty acids (VFA). Differences between treatments in dietary CT concentrations were too small to affect milk production or composition. Minced mixtures of 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of DM as white clover flower with the remainder as white clover leaf, were incubated in vitro and rumen metabolite concentrations determined at 0, 2 ,4, 8, 12 and 24 hours. Polyethylene glycol was added to one of the 50% flower treatments to inactivate CT. Clover flowers had less soluble protein than leaves at 0 hours, and increasing the percentage of flowers from 0 to 100% reduced the net conversion of plant-N to ammonia-N from 29 to 12%. The contribution of CT to these effects was small. Increasing percentages of clover flowers did not significantly affect total VFA production but increased acetate to propionate (A:P) ratios. White clover CT decreased A:P ratios. In another in vitro experiment perennial ryegrass leaf (Lolium perenne L.) was incubated either alone or with white clover flowers or birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). Clover flowers were more effective at reducing proteolysis than birdsfoot trefoil, due largely to less release of soluble protein, but birdsfoot trefoil treatments had the lowest A:P ratios. In conclusion, HT clover had higher forage CT concentrations than Huia because of increased flowering. Increased flowering reduced the agronomic performance of HT and lowered rumen ammonia concentrations, but did not increase milk production or prevent bloat. White clover flowers reduced rumen proteolysis in vitro, but this was mainly a result of their low protein concentration. White clover CT and birdsfoot trefoil forage benefited the molar percentages of VFA, but increasing the proportion of clover flowers did not. Further increases in white clover CT concentrations may benefit ruminant performance, but this should not be implemented through increased flowering.

Content removed due to copyright restrictions: Burggraaf, V.T., Kemp, P.D., Thom, E.R., Waghorn,G.C., Woodfield, D.R. & Woodward, S.L. (2004) Performance of dairy cows grazing white clover selected for increased floral condensed tannin. Preliminary report from experiments presented in Chapter 4 published in the 2004 Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association. / Legumes containing 20 to 40 g of condensed tannin (CT) per kg of dry matter (DM) can improve dairy cow milk production by reducing ruminal protein degradation to ammonia and preventing bloat. White clover (Triflium repens L.) produces CT in its flower heads. High tannin (HT) white clover, bred for increased flowering and increased floral CT concentration, was evaluated under dairy grazing in Hamilton, New Zealand. Its performance in monoculture was compared to that of Grasslands Huia white clover over two years, and five short-term grazing experiments determined its effects on Friesian dairy cows. Huia and HT had similar floral CT concentrations, ranging from 15 to 77 g/kg DM over two flowering seasons. HT clover had higher flower densities than Huia until the second summer after sowing, resulting in higher clover (leaf plus flower) CT concentrations. Clover CT peaked at 12.1 g/kg DM for HT and 5.7 g/kg DM for Huia. HT swards had lower stolon growing point densities than Huia swards and annual DM yields averaged 10.0 and 11.0 t DM/ha for the respective clovers. The ingress of non-sown white clover genotypes reduced treatment differences in the last 10 months of the experiment. Mild bloat occurred in cows grazing both clovers. Cows grazing HT white clover had rumen ammonia concentrations 5 to 26% lower than that of cows grazing Huia, indicating less proteolysis in the rumen of HT cows, but there were no consistent effects on rumen soluble protein or volatile fatty acids (VFA). Differences between treatments in dietary CT concentrations were too small to affect milk production or composition. Minced mixtures of 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of DM as white clover flower with the remainder as white clover leaf, were incubated in vitro and rumen metabolite concentrations determined at 0, 2 ,4, 8, 12 and 24 hours. Polyethylene glycol was added to one of the 50% flower treatments to inactivate CT. Clover flowers had less soluble protein than leaves at 0 hours, and increasing the percentage of flowers from 0 to 100% reduced the net conversion of plant-N to ammonia-N from 29 to 12%. The contribution of CT to these effects was small. Increasing percentages of clover flowers did not significantly affect total VFA production but increased acetate to propionate (A:P) ratios. White clover CT decreased A:P ratios. In another in vitro experiment perennial ryegrass leaf (Lolium perenne L.) was incubated either alone or with white clover flowers or birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). Clover flowers were more effective at reducing proteolysis than birdsfoot trefoil, due largely to less release of soluble protein, but birdsfoot trefoil treatments had the lowest A:P ratios. In conclusion, HT clover had higher forage CT concentrations than Huia because of increased flowering. Increased flowering reduced the agronomic performance of HT and lowered rumen ammonia concentrations, but did not increase milk production or prevent bloat. White clover flowers reduced rumen proteolysis in vitro, but this was mainly a result of their low protein concentration. White clover CT and birdsfoot trefoil forage benefited the molar percentages of VFA, but increasing the proportion of clover flowers did not. Further increases in white clover CT concentrations may benefit ruminant performance, but this should not be implemented through increased flowering.

The aim of the work was to elaborate a literary review of the characteristics, reproductive properties of Holstein cattle and influences affecting the reproduction of cattle. Another objective of the work was to evaluate the selected influences on their reproduction in a group of selected dairy cows from the monitored cattle herd. The data were processed and sorted by genotype, level of milk performance, parity, length of dry period, length of insemination interval, difficulty of calving, age of the first calving and synchronization of estrous (Ovsynch). In evaluating the effect of the genotype on reproductive parameters, there were no statistically significant differences between purebred Holstein cows (H100) and crosses (H50-88C). In addition, the effect of milk yield on lactation on reproductive performance was evaluated. The results showed that with increasing performance, the values of reproduction indicators (insemination index, insemination interval and period service) have increased. The statistically lowest insemination index (1.70) and insemination interval (96 days) were detected in cows with a yield up to 8,000 kg. The service period (122 days) was conclusively the lowest in a cow group with a yield of 8,001 to 10,000 kg lactating milk. In contrast, the highest conclusive values of the insemination index, interval and period service were detected in a group of dairy cows with a yield above 12,001 kg of milk. It is further evident from the results that the values of the pregnancy rate after the first insemination increased with the increasing level of milk performance. The lowest value (27.14%) was detected in the group with the highest milk yield (over 12,001 kg of milk). There were no significant differences between the different groups of dairy cows in the evaluation of the influence of parity on the reproduction indicators. Furthermore, the influence of length of dry period was evaluated. The average dry period in the monitored herd was 69 days. The pregnancy rate after the first insemination was better for the group with a dry period over 61 days (40.38%). On the other hand, periods of service and days open values were lower in dairy cows with a dry period less than 60 days (119 and 394 days respectively). The length of uterine involution was also monitored by the length of insemination interval. Most cows in the monitored group of dairy cows (25.29%) were first inseminated 66th - 87th day after calving. No statistically significant differences were detected in the assessment of the age of the 1st calving and the severity of births on reproductive parameters. The use of controlled reproduction methods (Ovsynch) was also monitored and applied only in the case of reproductive disorders of dairy cows. In the monitored period, Ovsynch was used in only 10 dairy cows and the average service period was 140 days.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pasture and pasture vegetation composition on the milk yield and milk fat and protein content in the Czech Fleckvieh cattle kept in the less favorable areas (LFA) during the years 2007 ? 2009. These pasture characteristics were observed: pasture quality defined by the chemical composition of herbage groups, determination and rate of dominant grass types, clover types and herbs and the height of pasture vegetation. Next, the fatty acids spectrum in the milk was analyzed and the effect of forage and grain supplements on the milk fat composition was confirmed.

Thesis deals with the finding reliable measurement of the quality of milk by automatic milking system. The observed reliability of the system to measure the quality of milk is a significant parameter for herd management and also an effective tool for farmers. Thanks notice on udder health in the program T4C farmer is able to detect a number of health problems or deficiencies in the herd before they break out in full force. This gives the farmer more options to treat dairy cows, such as inflammation, at the very beginning and as such can successfully use homeopathic treatment.

This thesis deals with the evaluation of selected influences on the milk production and fertility of dairy cows in a herd of Holstein cattle. The cattle husbandry sector, in recent years, has been facing a worsening of the indicators of reproduction and longevity in dairy cows. It is primarily the requirement of constantly increasing the milk yield of dairy cows that has had an adverse impact on these indicators. The worsening of these indicators can result in a reduction of the cost-effectiveness of the production of milk and meat. The evaluation of influences on milk production and fertility in a herd of Holstein cattle was carried out at the AGRODAM Hořepník s.r.o. company. The selected influences included milk yield quantity, parity, age at first calving, calving interval, insemination index, and conception rate after first insemination. Two hundred and two Holstein dairy cows were included in the monitoring. Data on milk yield and reproduction were obtained from milk yield records and zootechnical records. The results showed that milk production of the monitored group of dairy cows was at a high level (10,025 kg of milk). The highest milk yield in kilograms of milk during first lactation was achieved by dairy cows that calved at the age of 27 to 29 months (9,335 kg of milk). According to the milk yield during the first lactation, the highest milk yield during three lactations was by dairy cows that had a milk yield exceeding 10,000 kg of milk during the first lactation (35,515 kg). When utilizing the DOUBLE OVSYNCH synchronization protocol, the average calving interval was 412 days, and a higher conception rate after first insemination (43%) was found as compared to the nationwide average in the Czech Republic (34.2%). The average number of culled dairy cows was 32%; from this the highest proportion of culled dairy cows was for other medical reasons (31%). Due to low milk yields, 25% of the dairy cows were culled.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-05-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:45:16Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_aa_dr_jabo.pdf: 637049 bytes, checksum: 5ae6ccd522ca36efab6ebab2ca5ea62e (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Sansuy S.A. Industria de Plasticos / Universidade Federal de Uberlandia / A necessidade de ampliação de atitudes que levam o meio rural a buscar a sustentabilidade e a implantação do uso da biodigestão anaeróbia tem sido incentivada por se tratar de um mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo que alia a importância do tratamento dos resíduos agropecuários (dejetos), geração de energia (biogás) e biofertilizante. Desenvolveu-se um estudo em que se focou a hipótese que a implantação de sistema de tratamento de dejetos, com o uso de biodigestor anaeróbio e o aproveitamento dos seus produtos, o biofertilizante, poderia substituir a adubação mineral nitrogenada de cobertura no cultivo de forrageiras e que essa prática poderia reduzir o custo de adubação e promover ganhos adicionais com a geração de energia elétrica e ganhos ambientais, com a redução de emissão de metano e produção do biogás. Utilizou-se como ferramenta para embasar a hipótese três cultivos de forrageira, um de sorgo e dois de milho. Observou-se que a aplicação de biofertilizante e composto bovino não promoveram aumentos significativos na produtividade das culturas. Paralelamente desenvolveu-se a implantação de um biodigestor de manta de PVC flexível que serviu de parâmetros para a simulação da viabilidade econômica de um sistema de criação de bovino para 100 vacas leiteiras e um sistema de criação de suínos de ciclo completo para 500 matrizes. Conclui-se que projetos que contemplam o princípio da interdisciplinaridade podem auxiliar de maneira mais efetiva na tomada de decisão de implantação de soluções ambientalmente corretas que podem ser também economicamente viáveis. / Because of the need for expansion of attitudes that lead to rural areas to seek sustainability. The introduction of the use of anaerobic digestion has been encouraged by the case of a clean development mechanism that combines the importance of processing of agricultural waste (manure), generation of energy (biogas) and biofertilizer. Has developed a study that focused on the hypothesis that the deployment system for the treatment of waste using anaerobic biodigest and use products, the biofertilizer, could replace mineral nitrogen fertilization in coverage the cultivation of fodder and that this practice could reduce the cost of fertilizer and promote additional gains in the generation of electric energy and environmental gains, such as reducing the emission of methane. It was used as a tool for the hypothesis based three of forage crops, one the sorghum and two maize. It was observed that the application of biofertilizer and compost cattle did not promote significant increases in productivity of crops. Developed in parallel to implement a blanket biodigest of flexible PVC that served as parameters for the simulation of the economic viability of a system for creating and veal to 100 dairy cows and a pig breeding cycle of full matrix for 500. It is concluded that projects that include the principle of interdisciplinarity can assist more effectively in decision making for the deployment of environmentally correct solutions that can be economically viable.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-07-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:36:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santanna_ac_me_jabo.pdf: 311238 bytes, checksum: 557e4515219742db5acf8d945af0da07 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Os objetivos com este estudo foram descrever como as condições de higiene de vacas leiteiras variam ao longo do tempo e de acordo com as estações do ano; avaliar se as vacas são consistentes para sua higiene corporal; estudar as possíveis relações entre o escore de limpeza e o comportamento das vacas, em particular aqueles relacionados ao uso do espaço e à termorregulação e por fim, avaliar se há relação entre o escore de limpeza e a contagem de células somáticas do leite (CCS). Para isso foram utilizados animais de duas propriedades particulares localizadas no estado de São Paulo. Durante nove meses foi realizada uma avaliação mensal da higiene de todas as vacas em lactação, perfazendo um total de 3554 observações para 545 animais. A higiene foi expressa por meio de um escore de limpeza de quatro pontos (muito limpa, limpa, suja e muito suja). Para avaliar a relação entre o escore de limpeza e o comportamento foram avaliadas categorias comportamentais de postura, posicionamento e atividades dos animais para, no mínimo, 46 vacas em lactação, durante três dias consecutivos nos meses de julho e agosto de 2007 (estação seca) e dezembro de 2007 e janeiro de 2008 (estação chuvosa). Para o estudo da relação entre a higiene e a contagem de células somáticas individual das vacas foi avaliado um total de 2218 dados de CCS para 404 vacas. Foi encontrada variação individual na higiene das vacas, sendo que na estação seca os animais apresentaram-se mais limpos que na estação chuvosa. Apesar da variação, aproximadamente metade das vacas é consistente para a sua higiene, permanecendo maior parte do tempo em uma mesma condição – limpa para a maioria. Foi encontrada associação entre a higiene das vacas e o seu comportamento. Para explicar essa associação as categorias comportamentais podem ser caracterizadas em: comportamentos que determinam a transferência... / The aims of this study were to describe the variation on dairy cow’s body hygiene conditions over time and according to the seasons, verify if the cows are consistent for hygiene, to identify the relationship between the cleanliness score and the cow’s behavior, particularly those related to land use and thermoregulation and finally, to associate the cow’s cleanliness score and their milk somatic cell count (SCC). During nine months the body hygiene was accessed for lactating cows from two Brazilians commercial farms, a total of 3554 observations for 545 animals. The hygiene was expressed as a four points cleanliness score. To evaluate the relationship between the cleanliness score and behavior, behavioral categories of posture, positioning and activities were assessed for at least 46 dairy cows in two months of dry season and two of rainy season. The SCC was accessed for 404 cows, a total of 2218 data. Individual variation was found in the cow’s hygiene, and in the dry season the animals maintained cleaner than in the rainy season. Although the variation, approximately half of the cows are consistent for their hygiene - clean for the majority. The body hygiene was associated with the cow’s behavior. To explain this association the behavioral categories can be summarized as: behaviors that determine the directly transfer of dirt to the cows’ body (to lie down in a mud surface), while others behaviors are indirectly related to the transfer of dirty (lie down in a shaded place). In addition the behaviors as rumination and feeding does not determine the direct transfer of dirt to the body, however, these may be indicators of heat tolerance and the individual social ranking in the group, and differences in these characteristics are related to exposure of animals to certain dirty areas. The cleanliness score have effect on SCC (F = 4.85; df = 3; p < 0,01), and good hygiene condition... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-03-15T13:27:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA16MA208.pdf: 759581 bytes, checksum: 66fd12477aaa280fa6f6beece50c33c0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T13:27:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCA16MA208.pdf: 759581 bytes, checksum: 66fd12477aaa280fa6f6beece50c33c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / Feeding systems based on mixed diets comprising grazed pasture and conserved forages are useful during times of low pasture accumulation rate and/or to increase stocking rate and milk production per area. This work aimed to evaluate DM intake and milk production of dairy cows strip-grazing a mixed perennial pasture (Festuca arundinacea, Trifolium repens) without supplementation (control, C) or supplemented with corn silage (CS) or partial mixed ration (PMR). Twelve Holstein cows and F1 (Holstein × Jersey), in the middle third of lactation (133 ± 43 days in milk), were divided into six lots and distributed in a Latin square 3 × 3 replicated twice, with three periods of 15 days, with the last six days for measurements. The treatment C had access to pasture for 21 h/day, with a herbage allowance (PA) of 35 kg DM/day at ground level. Supplemented treatments had access to pasture for 7 h/day (from 0830 to 1530 h), with a PA of 25 kg DM/day. The herbage intake was measured by difference between pre and post-grazing pasture mass. The total DM intake (+ 7.3 kg DM), milk production (+ 4.7 kg/day) increased in cows that received PMR compared to unsupplemented cows, but these variables were similar between treatment C and CS. The DM herbage intake (+ 2.8 kg DM/day) and the proportion of time spent grazing (+ 25%) were higher in animals with CS supplementation compared to animals receiving PMR supplementation. It is concluded that, to dairy cows grazing mixed perennial species, CS supplementation is a tool to increase milk production per area without reductions on a milk production per cow basis, whereas PMR supplementation is a tool to improve total DM intake and milk production per cow and per area / Sistemas baseados em dietas mistas que compreendem pastagem e forragens conservadas são úteis durante os períodos do ano onde se tem uma taxa de acúmulo do pasto baixa e / ou para aumentar a taxa de lotação e produção de leite por área. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo de MS e a produção de leite de vacas leiteiras em pasto perene de inverno composto por um consórcio de festuca e trevo-branco Festuca arundinacea, Trifolium repens), submetidas a três tratamentos, um controle sem suplementação (SS) ou suplementadas com silagem de milho (SM) ou ração misturada parcial (PMR). Doze vacas da raça Holandesa e F1 (Holandês × Jersey), no terço médio da lactação (133 ± 43 dias em lactação), foram divididos em seis lotes e distribuídos em um quadrado latino 3 × 3 replicado duas vezes, com três períodos de 15 dias, com os últimos cinco dias para as medições. Os animais do tratamento SS tiveram acesso a pastagens durante 22 h / dia, com uma oferta de forragem de 35 kg de MS / dia no nível do solo. Os tratamentos suplementados tiveram acesso ao pasto durante 7 horas /dia (08:30-15:30 h), com um oferta de 25 kg / dia de MS. O consumo de forragem foi medida pela diferença entre a massa pasto pré e pós-pastejo. O consumo de MS total (+ 7,3 kg de MS), e a produção de leite (+ 4,7 kg / dia) aumentaram nas vacas que receberam PMR em comparação com vacas não suplementadas, mas estas variáveis foram semelhantes entre os tratamentos SS e SM. O consumo de MS de forragem (+ 2,8 kg de MS / dia) e a proporção de tempo gasto pastoreio (+ 25%) foram maiores nos animais de SM em comparação com animais de RPM. Conclui-se que, para vacas leiteiras em pasto perene de inverno, a suplementação com silagem de milho é uma ferramenta para aumentar a produção de leite por área sem reduções em uma produção de leite por vaca, enquanto que a suplementação PMR é uma ferramenta para melhorar o consumo de MS total e produção de leite por vaca e por área