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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
421

Conception d'un équilibreur de charge de batterie à base du réseau de micro-convertisseurs

Phung, Thanh Hai 20 December 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Depuis ces années, le développement de systèmes de stockage d'énergie pour la mobilité électrique avec davantage d'autonomie de durabilité est au cœur des contraintes de développement des véhicules électriques ou hybrides entraînant une émergence de l'utilisation des systèmes de management ainsi que des circuits d'équilibrage. Les travaux de thèse portent sur la conception et la réalisation d'une nouvelle structure d'équilibrage à base du réseau de micro-convertisseurs (RµC) utilisant les matrices de connections ainsi que les stratégies de commande appropriées. L'objectif principal est de concevoir un équilibreur actif forcé de haute performance, intégrable à base de technologies d'aujourd'hui et avec une stratégie de contrôle simple à mettre en œuvre. Le mémoire de thèse se structure en quatre chapitres : approche du RµC versus l'équilibrage des batteries, conception de la structure et des stratégies d'équilibrage à base du RµC, conception et dimensionnement du système de contrôle intégrée, version intégrée de l'équilibreur-perspectives. Les premiers prototypes de l'équilibreur utilisant des composants discrets ont été mis en place afin de valider notre structure ainsi que les solutions de contrôle proposées. La réalisation des versions intégrées en se basant sur l'utilisation les technologies disponible au sein du laboratoire ouvre un avenir promettant pour les systèmes de management de batterie.
422

Conception de convertisseurs DC/DC à base de MEMS

Ghandour, Sahar 17 March 2011 (has links) (PDF)
La tendance actuelle vers la miniaturisation des circuits électroniques a poussé vers ledéveloppement des systèmes sur puce (SoC : System on Chip) contenant plusieurs composants. Cescomposants réalisant des fonctions variées, ont besoin de différentes tensions d'alimentation fourniesà l'aide de plusieurs convertisseurs DC/DC connectés à l'alimentation du SoC. Actuellement, laplupart des circuits électroniques dans les applications portables contiennent des convertisseursDC/DC conventionnels utilisant une inductance pour stocker transitoirement l'énergie électrique.L'inductance étant un composant passif difficilement intégrable, ces convertisseurs sontconnectés à l'extérieur de la puce. Une alternative aux convertisseurs conventionnels est leconvertisseur à capacités commutés, qui a l'avantage d'être facilement intégrable sur silicium.Toutefois, il présente des limitations à cause de la dépendance du facteur de conversion avec lenombre de condensateurs. De plus, les pertes inhérentes à la charge et à la décharge descondensateurs font diminuer son rendement. Il est donc intéressant de trouver une nouvellealternative pour concevoir un convertisseur DC/DC compact et performant afin d'obtenir un circuitélectronique complètement intégrable sur silicium.Le sujet de cette thèse répond au besoin d'une nouvelle méthode de conversion DC/DCintégrable sur silicium et à haut rendement. L'idée est d'utiliser une capacité variable mécaniquementà la place d'une inductance pour stocker l'énergie électrique transitoire. Le condensateur variable serafabriqué par des procédés de fabrication de microsystème MEMS sur silicium ce qui permet d'intégrerla totalité du convertisseur.Dans ce mémoire, nous expliquons tout d'abord le principe et le fonctionnement d'un abaisseur etd'un élévateur de tension utilisant notre nouvelle approche. Par la suite, nous présentons laconception et la fabrication d'un MEMS adapté à la conversion de tension. Finalement, nousexpliquons notre méthode de contrôle utilisant une commutation à zéro de tension. Le rendement d'unélévateur 10V-20V obtenu par simulation est de l'ordre de 88% lorsque la gestion électrique estréalisée avec des composants discrets. Ce rendement très prometteur, devrait être amélioré dans lefutur lorsque tout le système sera intégré sur silicium.
423

Conception et réalisation d'une nouvelle architecture multi-entrées multi-sorties pour la gestion de micro puissance dans les systèmes autonomes

Ramond, Adrien 22 November 2011 (has links) (PDF)
L'autonomie énergétique des systèmes embarqués est un frein majeur au développement de l'intelligence ambiante et de l'internet des objets. Cette thèse présente un système générique de gestion de micro-puissance capable d'alimenter un nœud de réseau de capteurs autonomes et communicant sans fil (WSN). L'architecture proposée est basée sur un convertisseur DC/DC abaisseur simple inductance multi-entrées multi-sorties (SI MIMO) associé à un circuit de recherche du point de puissance maximal (MPPT) très basse consommation. Nous montrons dans ce travail que cette famille de convertisseurs permet d'hybrider efficacement plusieurs sources et plusieurs éléments de stockage pour fournir les tensions régulées nécessaires à l'alimentation électrique d'un nœud de WSN. Pour ce faire, et dans le cadre du projet PCB², nous avons réalisé un convertisseur SI MIMO à base de composants discrets ultra basse consommation sur carte PCB. Ce convertisseur interface un récupérateur piézoélectrique, une cellule photovoltaïque et une batterie fine au LIPON (Lithium Phosphorous Oxynitride) enterrée dans le circuit imprimé, pour alimenter un capteur de température enregistreur. Le développement de modèles pour chacun de ces dispositifs et leur implémentation dans un environnement de simulation système en VHDL-AMS a permis, dans un premier temps, de valider le concept présenté, puis, a guidé le travail de conception et d'optimisation du circuit du démonstrateur. Le rendement ainsi obtenu avoisine 55% dans les conditions normales d'utilisation et tend vers 70% lorsque le niveau de puissance qui transite dans le convertisseur dépasse 500 µW.
424

Conception, réalisation et caractérisation d'inductances planaires à couches magnétiques

Yaya, Dagal Dari 21 March 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Ce travail de thèse concerne la miniaturisation et l'intégration de composants magnétiques comme les inductances utilisées dans les convertisseurs DC-DC et les circuits haute fréquence. Cette thèse a pour objectifs : - de développer une méthodologie d'étude des inductances à couches magnétiques - de montrer la faisabilité de tels composants utilisant des couches épaisses de ferrite (50 à 500µm). Le contenu de notre document s'articule ainsi autour de trois axes : la simulation, la réalisation et la caractérisation. En simulation, le logiciel HFSS, nous a permis de concevoir, de prédire le comportement du composant et d'étudier l'influence des différents entrefers et épaisseurs du matériau magnétique. La réalisation fait appel aux différentes et nombreuses étapes micro technologiques qui sont décrites en détail. Ces étapes concernent les techniques de dépôt sous vide, les procédés de photolithographie, les techniques de dépôt électrolytique, les techniques de sciage et de collage. Enfin, la caractérisation des inductances réalisées a été effectuée en basses, moyennes et hautes fréquences respectivement au LCR mètre (20Hz à 1MHz), à l'impédance mètre (40Hz à 110MHz) et à l'analyseur vectoriel de réseaux (10MHz à 67GHz)
425

Three-phase high-frequency transformer isolated soft-switching DC-DC resonant converters

Almardy, Mohamed S. M. 14 October 2011 (has links)
There is an increasing demand for power converters with small size, light weight, high conversion efficiency and higher power density. Also, in many applications, there is a need for dc-to-dc converters to accept dc input voltage and provide regulated and/or isolated dc output voltage at a desired voltage level including telecommunications equipment, process control systems, and in industry applications. This thesis presents the analysis, design, simulation and experimental results of three-phase high-frequency transformer isolated resonant converters. The first converter presented is a three-phase LCC-type dc-dc resonant converter with capacitor output filter including the effect of the magnetizing inductance of the three-phase HF transformer. The equivalent ac load resistance is derived and the converter is analyzed by using approximation analysis approach. Base on this analysis, design curves have been obtained and a design example is given. Intusoft simulation results for the designed converter are given for various input voltage and for different load conditions. The experimental verification of the designed converter performance was established by building a 300 W rated power converter and the experimental results have been given. It is shown that the converter works in zero-voltage switching (ZVS) at various input voltage and different load conditions. A three-phase (LC)(L)-type dc-dc series-resonant converter with capacitive output filter has been proposed. Operation of the converter has been presented using the operating waveforms and equivalent circuit diagrams during different intervals. An approximate analysis approach is used to analyze the converter operation, and design procedure is presented with a design example. Intusoft simulation results for the designed converter are given for input voltage and load variations. Experimental results obtained in a 300 W converter are presented. Major advantages of this converter are the leakage and magnetizing inductances of the high-frequency transformer are used as part of resonant circuit and the output rectifier voltage is clamped to the output voltage. The converter operates in soft-switching for the inverter switches for the wide variations in supply voltage and load and it requires narrow switching frequency variation (compared to LCC-type) to regulate the output voltage. A three-phase high-frequency transformer isolated interleaved (LC)(L)-type dc-dc series-resonant converter with capacitive output filter using fixed frequency control is proposed. The converter operation for different modes is presented using the operating waveforms and equivalent circuit diagrams during different intervals. This converter is modeled and then analyzed using the approximate complex ac circuit analysis approach. Based on the analysis, design curves were obtained and the design procedure is presented with a design example. The designed converter is simulated using PSIM software to predict the performance of the converter for variations in supply voltage and load conditions. The converter operates in ZVS for the inverter switches with minimum input voltage and loses ZVS for two switches in each bridge for higher input voltages. / Graduate
426

A Current Re-distribution Scheme for Improved Energy Harvesting in Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems Using Fine-grained dc-dc Conversion

Zaman, Mohammad Shawkat 19 March 2013 (has links)
This thesis presents a distributed power-management architecture for concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems. Specifically, the Δ-conversion scheme with voltage equalization is analyzed and verified for the CPV system from Morgan Solar, Inc. This architecture uses inverting buck-boost converters, denoted Δ-converters, which equalize the voltages of neighbouring CPV cells in a series-connected string of cells and improve the systems tolerance to parameter variations. The power benefits of Δ-conversion and the Δ-converter current distributions are investigated using statistical simulations. The effectiveness of Δ-conversion in the presence of randomly distributed mismatches is demonstrated, and current cascading is identified as the main design challenge. The Δ-converter is modelled and compensated using Middlebrook's Extra Element Theorem. Analysis of measured data from a six-cell CPV system demonstrate the benefits of Δ-conversion under realistic scenarios. Experimental results from prototype systems show up to 31% power benefits in the presence of mismatches.
427

Analysis and Implementation of Fine-grained Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking in Photovoltaic Systems

Poshtkouhi, Shahab 19 December 2011 (has links)
This thesis deals with quantifying the merits of Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking (DMPPT), as well as providing solutions to achieve DMPPT in PV systems. A general method based on 3D modeling is developed to determine the energy yield of PV installations exploiting different levels of DMPPT granularity. Sub-string-level DMPPT is shown to have up to 30% more annual energy yield than panel-level DMPPT. A Multi-Input-Single-Output (MISO) dc-dc converter is proposed to achieve DMPPT in parallel-connected applications. A digital current-mode controller is used to operate the MISO converter in pseudo-CCM mode. For series-connected applications, the virtualparallel concept is introduced to utilize the robustness of the parallel connection. This concept is demonstrated on a three-phase boost converter. The topology offers reduced output voltage ripple under shading which increases the life-time of the output capacitor. The prototypes yield output power benefits of up to 46% and 20% for the tested shading conditions.
428

A Novel Approach For Synthesising Sinus Waveforms At Power Level

Sedele, Serkan Paki 01 January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
In variable speed motor drive and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) applications, taditional method is to employ some kind of a modulation technique at a high frequency typically 6 kHz to 20 kHz range. In these modulation techniques, the switches are hard switched. The result is application of a series of pulses to the load, and if the load is inductive, sine wave current flows into the load. Hard and rapid switching causes a voltage waveform with a very high dv/dt (rate of change in voltage) causing high EMI problems, reduced life expectancy of the motor and additional losses. So a power supply generating pure sinusoidal voltage waveform is very desirable. In industry some low pass filters called sinusoidal filters, are used at the output of the inverters but this comes with additional cost and bulky filter elements. In this study, a novel approach for generating power level sinusoidal waveforms is proposed. The basic structure is a DC-DC converter that produces a rectified DC-link at its output and an H-bridge inverter that inverts the rectified sinusoids to form a sinusoidal voltage. Main advantages of the circuit are that the H-bridge inverter switches have no switching stresses, they are switched at low frequency so the reliability is increased. Throughout the study different circuit topologies have been investigated and the analysis of the chosen topologies is supported with computer simulations. The system is then set up in the laboratory. In order to prove of the concept, only a single phase inverter has been investigated at steady state conditions. Efficiency, distortion level, magnitude error and device stresses have been obtained. The results indicate that the proposed configuration is very promising.
429

Circuito de comando de base proporcional isolado auto-oscilante para conversor CC/CC \"Half-Bridge\": uma metodologia de projeto / Isolated proportional base driver for half-bridge DC/DC converter: a design methodology

Marcel Jacon Cezare 19 November 2010 (has links)
O presente trabalho apresenta o estudo, o equacionamento, a simulação e uma metodologia de projeto para um conversor CC/CC do tipo Half-Bridge, com transformador de potência alimentado por transistores bipolares em semi-ponte, com circuito de acionamento de base proporcional isolado. O circuito possui um controle de sincronismo aplicado ao transformador de pulso responsável pelo controle das chaves semicondutoras do conversor. A metodologia de projeto do circuito de acionamento de base proporcional isolado é discutida e alguns resultados são mostrados. Além disso, pretende-se empregar esse tipo de conversor em veículos aeroespaciais devido a robustez no circuito de acionamento de base, em específico na Unidade de Suprimento de Energia do satélite universitário ITASAT. Utilizando-se o diagrama esquemático do conversor proposto é feito o equacionamento matemático, a fim de se obter a frequência de oscilação livre, ou natural, a partir do qual é proposta uma metodologia de projeto. Ao final do trabalho são comparados os resultados experimentais com a simulação, com o objetivo de melhor avaliar a metodologia proposta. / This work presents the study, equation development, simulation and a design methodology for a Half-Bridge DC/DC converter, with power transformer fed by bipolar transistors in a half-bridge configuration, with proportional base drive circuit. The circuit has a synchronism control applied to the pulse transformer responsible for controlling the semiconductor switches of the converter. The design methodology of the proportional base drive is discussed and some results are shown. In addition, this type of converter is intended to be used in aerospace vehicles due to the increased robustness of the base drive circuit, for instance, the Power Supply Unit of ITASAT Satellite. A mathematical modeling is done in order to obtain the oscillation frequency (natural frequency) of the converter, from which a design methodology is proposed. At the end of the study the experimental are compared with the simulation, in order to evaluate the proposed methodology.
430

Conversor CC-CC Não isolado de elevado ganho para aplicação no processamento de energia solar fotovoltaica / High gain non-isolated DC-DC converter applied on the processing of PV energy

Cabral, João Bosco Ribeiro Fernandes 06 March 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:27:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Cabral.pdf: 4385545 bytes, checksum: c09296f90add051ed37bd87320b15421 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This Master Thesis proposes a high gain non-isolated DC-DC converter applied on the processing of PV energy. The proposed converter is a boost converter with quadratic characteristic and with central point at its output. Basic operations and electric characteristics of a PV cell are described, including the procedures to determine its parameters. A model for numeric simulation is presented. A review of the high gain non-isolated DC-DC converters topologies is presented. Shows the converter´s transfer functions and the control strategy adopted as well as the design of control circuits. The control system is consisting of three loops, an internal loop of input current control, an external loop of total output voltage control and an additional loop of voltage unbalance control. The simulation and experimental results are shown to validate the analysis developed and demonstrate the performance of the control system adopted. / Esta Dissertação de Mestrado propõe um conversor CC-CC não isolado de elevado ganho para aplicação no processamento de energia solar fotovoltaica. O conversor proposto é um boost com característica quadrática e com ponto médio na sua saída. Descrevem-se o funcionamento básico e as características elétricas de uma célula fotovoltaica, incluindo-se o procedimento da determinação dos parâmetros e da modelagem dos módulos fotovoltaicos, apresentando-se um modelo para simulação numérica. Apresenta-se uma revisão de topologias de conversores CC-CC não isolados com elevado ganho estáticos. Apresentam-se as funções de transferência do conversor e a estratégia de controle adotada bem como o projeto dos circuitos de controle. O sistema de controle composto por três malhas de controle, uma malha interna de corrente de entrada, uma malha externa de tensão total e uma malha adicional de equalização de tensão. Resultados de simulação e experimentais são apresentados para validar as análises desenvolvidas e demonstrar o desempenho do sistema de controle adotado.

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