No description available.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this study was to determine the plant alloctonous material input and its processing by shredders in the Caranguejo Creek, a first order Neotropical stream. In order to do so, three experiments were performed. To verify the plant alloctonous material input, five suspended and ten lateral leaf-collectors were installed in the study area. Two samplings were made each season of the year, with a total of approximately 15 sampling days for each season. Input was higher in the suspended collectors than in the lateral ones. There was no difference in input amongst the seasons, and the annual input was of 1.254 g.m-2.year-1. Leaves were the most abundant material, comprising 61,38% of the sample, followed by twigs (29,15%) and others (9,46%). To evaluate the role of decapod crustaceans in shredding, channels containing litter bags of Ficus luschnathiana leaves were placed within the creek. Two types of channels were used, one allowing the decapods to access the leaves, and the other preventing it. Both types had the litter bags accessible to other invertebrates that integrated the stream community. The leave s decomposition rate was faster in the presence of decapods, indicating their potential as shredders. Besides accelerating the decomposition rates, the presence of decapods altered the community composition and density of individuals associated with the litter bags. The density of the macroinvertebrates was higher in the absence of decapods. The most representative functional feeding group were the collectors. The typical shredders were represented by the families Gripopterygidae e Sericostomatidae, comprising 4% of the total. The decapods species found in the study area are the anomuran Aegla longirostri, in higher densities, and the crayfish Parastacus pilimanus. In order to verify the percentage of alloctonous leaves that A. longirostri is capable of processing, an experiment was conducted in the laboratory. Leaves of different species, collected in the creek, were offered to the individuals, and its consume recorded. There was no difference in leaf consumption between adults (males and females), but there was a difference among these and the juveniles. Adults consumed a mean of 0,0175 (± 0,005)g of leaves per day, and the juveniles consumed 0,010 (± 0,002)g/day. With the data concerning leaf input, the daily leaf consumption rates and the information on the density of the aeglids, at the study site, it was possible to estimate that this population of A. longirostri is able to process approximately 6,14% of the leaves that fall in the creek. These results show that Caranguejo Creek is a location that receives many types of vegetal organic matter, through input from the riparian vegetation, that will be consumed by the aquatic community. Besides, the area possesses low abundance of insect shredders, and therefore the decapod crustaceans present a highlighted importance as shredders. / Este estudo tem como objetivo determinar o aporte de material alóctone vegetal e o seu processamento por fragmentadores na Sanga do Caranguejo, um riacho neotropical de primeira ordem. Para tanto foram realizados três experimentos. Para verificar o aporte de material alóctone vegetal foram instalados na área de estudo 5 coletores suspensos e 10 coletores laterais. Foram realizadas duas coletas por estação do ano, totalizando aproximadamente 15 dias por estação. O aporte foi maior nos coletores suspensos do que nos coletores laterais. Não houve diferença no aporte entre as estações do ano e o aporte anual foi de 1,254 g.m-2.ano-1. As folhas foram o material mais abundante com cerca de 61,38%, seguido pelos galhos (29,15%) e outros (9,46%). Para analisar a importância de crustáceos decápodos na fragmentação, foram colocados no riacho canais com sacos de detritos de Ficus luschnathiana. Havia dois tipos de canais, um que permitia o acesso dos decápodos às folhas e outro que restringia o seu acesso, mas ambos permitiam o acesso de outros macroinvertebrados presentes na comunidade aquática do local. A taxa de decomposição das folhas foi mais rápida na presença dos decápodos, indicando o potencial deste grupo como fragmentador. Além de acelerar a taxa de decomposição a presença dos decápodos alterou a comunidade e a densidade de indivíduos associados aos sacos de detritos. A densidade de indivíduos foi maior na ausência dos decápodos. O grupo trófico funcional mais representativo foi o dos coletores, os tipicamente fragmentadores foram representados pelas famílias Gripopterygidae e Sericostomatidae, representando 4% do total. As espécies de decápodos encontrados na área de estudo são o anomuro Aegla longirostri, em maior densidade, e o lagostim Parastacus pilimanus. Para verificar a porcentagem de folhas alóctone que A. longirostri é capaz de processar foi realizado um experimento em laboratório. Folhas de diferentes espécies, coletadas no riacho, foram oferecidas aos indivíduos e o seu consumo foi registrado. Não houve diferença no consumo de folhas entre os adultos (machos e fêmeas), mas houve diferença entre estes e os juvenis. Os adultos consumiram em média 0,0175 (± 0,005) gramas de folhas por dia e os juvenis 0,010 (± 0,002). A partir dos dados de aporte de folhas, o consumo diário de folhas e os dados sobre a densidade de eglídeos no local de estudo, foi possível estimar que a população de A. longirostri pode processar aproximadamente 6,14% das folhas que caem no riacho. Esses resultados indicam que a Sanga do Caranguejo é um local que, através da vegetação ripária, recebe diferentes materiais vegetais que serão utilizados pela comunidade aquática, além disso, possui reduzida abundância de insetos fragmentadores e tem como principais fragmentadores os crustáceos decápodos.

by Fong Man Kim. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-137). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Thesis committee --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iii / List of figures --- p.viii / List of tables --- p.xi / Abbreviations --- p.xii / Table of contents --- p.xiv / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1 --- MIH from Penaeus vannamei --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- General Introduction to P. vannamei --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1.1.1 --- Morphology --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1.1.2 --- Geographical distribution --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.1.3 --- Economic value --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Physiology of Molting in Crustacean --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- The molt cycle --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Physiological effects of ecdysone --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1.2.3 --- Regulation of the secretion of ecdysone --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1.2.4 --- Physiological effects of Molt-inhibiting hormone --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Cloning of MIH cDNA from P. vannamei --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.3.1 --- Molecular identity of MIH --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1.3.2 --- Cloning of MIH cDNA --- p.15 / Chapter 2.1.3.3 --- Comparison of the cloned MIH-like cDNA with the CHH/MIH/VIH peptide family --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2 --- Plants as Bioreactors --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Principles & Techniques --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Advantages of plant bioreactors --- p.21 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Tobacco expression system --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Tobacco as model plants --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Transformation methods --- p.23 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Phaseolin --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- EXPRESSION OF MIH IN TRANSGENIC TOBACCO --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials & Methods --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Chemicals --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Plant materials --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Bacterial strains and plasmid vectors --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Construction of chimeric genes - --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.4.1 --- PCR amplification of MIH --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.4.2 --- Cloning of PCR-amplified MIH into vector pET --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2.4.3 --- Cloning of MIH into vector pBK/Phas-sp and pTZ/Phas --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2.4.4 --- Cloning of MIH into binary vector pBI121 --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Transformation of Agrobacterium with pBI121/Phas-sp-MIH and pBI121 /Phas-MIH by electroporation --- p.39 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Transformation of tobacco --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Selection of transgenic plants --- p.41 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- GUS assay --- p.42 / Chapter 3.2.9 --- Extraction of leaf genomic DNA --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2.10 --- Extraction of total RNA from developing seeds --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.11 --- Synthesis of DIG-labeled DNA and RNA probes --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2.12 --- Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.13 --- Reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.14 --- Northern blot analysis of total RNA --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.15 --- Protein extraction and tricine-SDS-PAGE --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.16 --- Purification of 6xHis-tag proteins --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.17 --- Western blot analysis --- p.50 / Chapter 3.2.18 --- In vitro transcription & translation --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.18.1 --- Construction of transcription vector containing the chimeric MIH gene --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.18.2 --- In vitro transcription --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2.18.3 --- In vitro translation --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2.19 --- Particle bombardment --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.19.1 --- Construction of MIH-GUSN fusion chimeric genes --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.19.2 --- Conditions of particle bombardment --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.20 --- Codon modification of MIH gene --- p.63 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.73 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Construction of chimeric MIH genes --- p.73 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- "Tobacco transformation, selection and regeneration" --- p.73 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Detection of GUS activity --- p.74 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Southern blot analysis --- p.79 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Detection of MIH transcript in transgenic tobacco --- p.83 / Chapter 3.3.5.1 --- RT-PCR --- p.83 / Chapter 3.3.5.2 --- Northern blot analysis --- p.86 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Detection of MIH protein by Tricine-SDS-PAGE --- p.86 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Detection of MIH protein by western blot analysis --- p.88 / Chapter 3.3.7.1 --- Western blot analysis using Anti-MIH antibody --- p.88 / Chapter 3.3.7.2 --- Western blot analysis using Anti-His antibody --- p.90 / Chapter 3.3.7.3 --- Western blot analysis using Anti-MIHA & Anti-MIHB antibodies --- p.90 / Chapter 3.3.8 --- Purification of 6xHis-tag proteins by Ni-NTA column --- p.94 / Chapter 3.3.8.1 --- Western blot analysis of proteins purified by Ni-NTA column --- p.97 / Chapter 3.3.9 --- In vitro transcription and translation --- p.100 / Chapter 3.3.9.1 --- In vitro transcription --- p.100 / Chapter 3.3.9.2 --- In vitro translation --- p.100 / Chapter 3.3.10 --- Particle bombardments --- p.103 / Chapter 3.3.10.1 --- Transient expression of MIH in soybean & tobacco leaves --- p.103 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.107 / Chapter 4.1 --- Transient expression of MIH genes --- p.109 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- In vitro transcription and translation --- p.109 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Particle bombardments --- p.220 / Chapter 4.2 --- Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) --- p.114 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Post-transcriptional cis-inactivation --- p.114 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Post-transcriptional trans-inactivation --- p.116 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- MIH gene and PTGS --- p.118 / Chapter 4.3 --- Codon usage --- p.119 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Codon usage of MIH in plants --- p.120 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Codon modification of MIH and further study on MIH expression in plants --- p.122 / Chapter 4.4 --- Post-translational protein degradation --- p.123 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Construction of LRP-MIH fusion proteins --- p.123 / CONCLUSION --- p.125 / REFERENCES --- p.127

Für eine umfassende Untersuchung der Phylogenie der Decapoda wurden von mir die mitochondrialen Genome von 13 Dekapoden sequenziert. Zusammen mit den in der GenBank verfügbaren Sequenzen von 31 Dekapoden und dem von der Universität Bonn zur Verfügung gestellten mitochondrialen Genom von Dromia personata deckt dieser Datensatz alle großen Teilgruppen der Decapoda ab. Maximum likelihood (ML)-Analysen und Bayesian inference (BI)-Analysen der Nucleotidsequenzen und Aminosäuresequenzen ergaben bezüglich der Verwandtschaft der hochrangigen Taxa ähnliche Topologien: (((((((Anomala, Brachyura), Thalassinida: Gebiidea) Thalassinida: Axiidea), Astacidea), Achelata), Stenopodidea), Caridea), Dendrobranchiata). Gleichwohl wurde mit den Polychelida ein problematisches Taxon mit ungewissen Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen identifiziert. Auf der Eben der Unterordnungen sind die Thalassinida paraphyletisch, was mit einigen morphologischen und einigen jüngeren molekularen Studien konsistent ist, alle anderen gebräuchlichen Taxa sind monophyletisch. Es handelt sich um eine Inversion, die sich vom S-E-F tRNA cluster bis zum I-Q-M tRNA cluster erstreckt und in Procambarus fallax f. virginalis und Homarus gammarus auftritt. Im Vergleich mit dem Genarrangement des Limulus polyphemus zeigen beide Astaciden in dieser Region exakt dieselbe Inversion wie der Priapulide Priapulus caudatus, die daher innerhalb der Ecdysozoa als konvergent angenommen werden muss. Auch neben dieser Inversion innerhalb der Astacidea zeigen die Genarrangements aller verfügbaren Dekapoden mehrere interessante Eigenschaften. Um die beobachteten einzigartigen genomischen Eigenschaften zu erklären, schlage ich mit dem „inversion triggered duplication“ Model ein neues Modell für Gen-Rearrangements vor. / For a comprehensive study of decapod phylogeny at the mitochondrial genome level, I have sequenced the mitochondrial genome of 13 decapods. Together with available sequences of 31 decapods from GenBank, and the mitochondrial genome of Dromia personata provided by the Bonn University, the dataset now cover all major decapod taxa. Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) of the nucleotide and amino acid datasets reveal similar topologies at the higher level relationships: (((((((Anomala, Brachyura), Thalassinida: Gebiidea) Thalassinida: Axiidea), Astacidea), Achelata), Stenopodidea), Caridea), Dendrobranchiata). Nevertheless, one problematic taxon, Polychelida, with ambiguous affinities is recognized. At the lower level, most taxa are monophyletic, whereas the Thalassinida is paraphyletic, which is consistent with some morphological and molecular results. An inversion spanning from S-E-F tRNA cluster to the I-Q-M tRNA cluster occurred in Procambarus fallax f. virginalis, Homarus gammarus, and one priapulid Priapulus caudatus. Compared with the gene arrangement of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus, both astacids and the priapulid exhibit the same inversion, which is therefore supposed to be a convergent event of the clade Astacidea and Priapulida among Ecdysozoa. Other than this notable feature observed in astacids, the gene arrangements in all available decapods show some interesting characters. To explain these unique genomic features observed here, a new gene rearrangement model is proposed, which is called the “inversion triggered duplication” model.

Orientador: Tânia Marcia Costa / Coorientador: Ronaldo A. Christofoletti / Banca: Roberto Munehisa Shimizu / Banca: Leonardo Querobim Yokoyama / Resumo: As macroalgas são consideradas engenheiros do entremarés, pois formam substrato secundário para outros organismos alterando a disponibilidade de abrigo e alimentação. Por apresentarem morfologias distintas, conferem diferentes recursos aos organismos que vivem associados a elas. No presente estudo avaliou-se a distribuição de caranguejos Epialtus spp. em três espécies de macroalgas com diferentes morfologias e complexidades: Sargassum sp., Hypnea sp. e Acanthophora sp.. Para isso, foram coletadas amostras das três espécies de macroalgas na região do baixo entremarés (Hypnea sp e Acanthophora sp.) e infralitoral (Sargassum sp.). As algas foram triadas, identificadas, bem como suas macroalgas epífitas e os caranguejos do gênero Epialtus spp. foram separados para que fossem contabilizados, sexados e mensurados. Os resultados indicam que houve diferença significativa na distribuição dos caranguejos somente entre as macroalgas Acanthophora sp. e Hypnea sp. Como ambas ocorrem na mesma altura no costão rochoso, um pouco acima de Sargassum sp., este resultado indica que a zonação não é um fator determinante na distribuição de Epialtus spp. e que Hypnea sp. pode apresentar maior complexidade quando comparada a Acanthophora sp. Houve correlação positiva entre volume da amostra de Sargassum sp. e número de caranguejos. Além disso, esta macroalga tinha associada a ela a epífita Hypnea sp. Assim, essa associação de epifitismo além de ter conferido maior complexidade, pode também ter proporcionado heterogeneidade ao ambiente e essas condições reunidas podem ter conferido maior proteção contra estresses ambientais, predação e disponibilidade de recursos alimentares, supondo que o caranguejo possa se alimentar de Hypnea sp. e Sargassum sp.. Assim, os fatores como complexidade e heterogeneidade das macroalgas bem como suas diferentes palatabilidades podem ser determinantes na distribuição do Epialtus spp. em costões rochosos / Abstract: Not available / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-05-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:08:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ariasvigoya_aa_me_jabo_prot.pdf: 7678062 bytes, checksum: b0bc39abdb60eaf3abed6a50f782a97c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum é um palaemonideo amplamente distribuído na América do Sul, com um grande potencial para a aquicultura e enorme importância econômica. Apesar das recentes pesquisas acerca da biologia da espécie, não existem estudos relacionados com o desenvolvimento embrionário de M. amazonicum. Portanto, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma descrição do desenvolvimento embrionário do camarão-da-amazônia. Assim, a embriogênese da espécie foi descrita em relação às características morfológicas externas, histológicas e morfométricas observadas em embriões vivos e fixados a intervalos de 24 horas (dia embrionário, DE), e associado ao sistema de estagiamento porcentual. O período de incubação foi de 14 dias a 26ºC. A embriogênese foi organizada em oito estágios: I. Ovo fertilizado; II. Clivagem; III. Blástula – gástrula; IV. Disco germinativo; V. Náuplio embrionizado; VI. Pós-náuplio; VII. Protozoea e VIII. Zoea. Os valores médios do eixo maior e menor dos ovos, volume do ovo, área do embrião e índice do olho aumentaram durante a incubação, a diferença da área do vitelo que diminuiu. M. amazonicum mostrou um padrão de desenvolvimento embrionário semelhante ao observado em crustáceos com ovos centrolécitos, com clivagem superficial parcial (meroblástica), e apresentou características semelhantes às espécies do mesmo gênero. Durante a embriogênese foi observada uma relação entre o desenvolvimento dos órgãos internos com as estruturas externas, e os ritmos de desenvolvimento embrionário revelam uma associação entre as características morfológicas, histológicas e morfométricas. / The Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum is a palaemonid widely distributed in South America, with a great potential for aquaculture and huge economic importance. Despite recent researches about the biology of the species, there are no studies related to the embryonic development of M. amazonicum. Thus, the main objective of this study was a description of the embryonic development of Amazon River prawn. Hence, the embryogenesis of the species was described with respect to the morphological, histological and morphometrical features, observed in live and fixed embryos at intervals of 24 hours (embryonic day, ED), associated by percent staging system. The incubation period was 14 days at 26ºC. The embryogenesis was organized in eight stages: I. Fertilized egg; II. Cleavage; III. Blastula – Gastrula; IV. Germinal disc; V. Embryonized nauplius; VI. Post-nauplius; VII. Protozoea and VIII. Zoea. The mean values for egg length and width, egg volume, area of the embryo and eye index increased during incubation, contrasting with the area of the yolk that decreased. M. amazonicum showed a similar pattern of embryonic development to that observed in crustaceans with centrolecithal eggs and superficial partial cleavage (meroblastic); and showed similar characteristics to species of the genus. During the embryogenesis was observed a relationship between the development of internal organs with the external structures, and the developmental rhythms shows an association among the morphological, histological and morphometric features.

Orientador: Maria Lucia Negreiros Fransozo / Banca: Gustavo Luis Hirose / Banca: Giovana Bertini / Resumo: Morfologia dos estágios iniciais do ciclo de vida dos crustáceos são muito importantes para o estabelecimento de suas relações ecológicas, taxonômicas e filogenéticas. Este estudo descreve a morfologia do primeiro estágio juvenil de Persephona liechtensteinii, P. mediterranea, P. punctata e Ebalia stimpsoni. Larvas na fase de megalopa foram obtidas do neuston de Ubatuba (SP) e criadas isoladamente, em laboratório, até o tamanho que permite a correta identificação das espécies. Posteriormente, exúvias do primeiro estágio juvenil foram dissecadas sob estereomicroscópio e foram feitos desenhos e medidas sob um microscópio óptico provido de câmara clara. As diferenças morfológicas registradas foram: cerdas plumosas marginais no telso de P. liechtensteinii com cerdas simples na superfície; ausência de cerdas na base da antena em P. punctata; uma cerda simples no protopodito da maxílula em E. stimpsoni; uma cerda plumosa no endopodito da maxila em P. mediterranea; uma cerda simples no endito coxal da maxila em P. punctata; 2 cerdas simples no epipodito do 3º maxilípede em P. liechtensteinii; diferentes tipos de cerdas no exopodito do 3º maxilípede: 8 cerdas do tipo espátula em P. mediterranea, 9-10 plumodenticuladas em P. punctata, 23-25 simples na superfície e 28-29 plumosas marginais longas em P. liechtensteinii, e 7 simples curtas (espiniforme) em E. stimpsoni. As características compartilhadas entre essas espécies foram: carapaça arredondada com pequenos grânulos espalhados e, exceto em E. stimpsoni, 3 espinhos granulosos na margem posterior / Abstract: Morphology of the initial stages of crustacean life cycle is very important to the establishment of their ecological, taxonomical and phylogenetic relationships. This study describes the morphology of the first juvenile stage of Persephona liechtensteinii, P. mediterranea, P. punctata and Ebalia stimpsoni. Larvae on the megalopa stage were obtained from the neuston of Ubatuba, SP, and reared individually in laboratory until they reached a size that allowed the correct identification of their species. Afterwards, exuvia from the first juvenile were dissected under stereomicroscope and drawings and measurements, under optical microscope, equiped with camara lucida. Some of the morphological differences observed were: marginal plumose setae on the telson of P. liechtensteinii with simple setae on the surface; absence of setae on the base of the antenna in P. punctata; a simple seta on the protopod of the maxillule of E. stimpsoni; a plumose seta on the endopod of the maxilla in P. mediterranea; a simple seta on the coxal endite of the maxilla in P. punctata; 2 simple seta on the epipod of the 3rd maxilliped in P. liechtensteinii; different types of setae on the exopod of the 3rd maxilliped: 8 spatulate in P. mediterranea, 9-10 plumodenticulate in P. punctata, 23-25 simple on the surface and 28-29 marginal long plumose in P. liechtensteinii, and 7 small simple in E. stimpsoni. The shared characters between these species were: a rounded carapace with small granules equally sparse and, with the exception of E. stimpsoni, 3 granulous spines on the posterior margin / Mestre

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 40-42)

Orientador: Rogerio Caetano da Costa / Banca: Marcelo Antonio Amaro Pinheiro / Banca: Alexandre Oliveira de Andrade / Resumo: O crescimento relativo, a maturidade sexual morfológica e funcional, o período reprodutivo, o recrutamento, a razão sexual, o pareamento heterossexual e a fecundidade de Alpheus brasileiro foram investigados. Os camarões foram coletados de março de 2013 a janeiro de 2014, manualmente, na zona intermareal estuarina de Cananéia, SP. Os indivíduos foram identifi4cados em relação ao sexo e mensurados quanto às estruturas: comprimento da carapaça (CC), comprimento do própodo do quelípodo (CPQ), largura do própodo do quelípodo (LPQ), altura do própodo do quelípodo (APQ), comprimento da segunda pleura abdominal (CP), comprimento do apêndice interno (CAI) e comprimento do apêndice masculino (CAM). Foram coletados 186 indivíduos durante o período, sendo 92 machos e 94 fêmeas. As relações que melhor demonstraram mudanças na taxa de crescimento entre jovens e adultos, as quais também utilizadas para estimar a maturidade sexual morfológica para machos e fêmeas, foram CPQ vs. CC e CP vs. CC, com maturidade estimada em 4,70 e 4,77 mm de CC respectivamente. A maturidade funcional encontrada foi 4,80 mm de CC. O período reprodutivo caracterizou-se como sazonal contínuo assim como o recrutamento, mostrando-se uma exceção ao padrão esperado para espécies tropicais e subtropicais. Não houve diferença significativa na razão sexual (M:F) (p > 0,05), provavelmente em função do comportamento de pareamento, no qual ocorre a formação de pares em espécies gonocóricas, favorecendo a distribuição igualitária entre machos e fêmeas. Durante, o estudo 42 pares (macho e fêmea) foram capturados. Os casais estiveram presentes na população em todos os meses estudados. O comportamento territorial é intenso e comumente encontrado nos camarões Alpheidae, portanto, a estratégia de pareamento pode garantir a sobrevivência e o sucesso reprodutivo dos casais. A fecundidade média calculada... / Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the relative growth, the morphological and functional sexual maturity, the spawning period, recruitment, sex ratio, heterosexual pairing and fertility of the snapping shrimp Alpheus brasileiro. Shrimps were captured manually from March 2013 to January 2014 in the intertidal estuarine zone of Cananéia, SP. Individuals were identified according to sex and measured in relation to the carapace length (CL), propodus cheliped length (PCL), propodus cheliped width (PQW), propodus cheliped height (PQH), length of second abdominal pleura (PL), internal appendix length (IAL) and male appendage length (MAL). During the studied period, 186 individuals were collected, 92 males and 94 females. The relationships that best evidencied changes in growth rate between juveniles and adults were CPQ vs. CC and CP vs. DC. These relationships were used to estimate the morphological sexual maturity for males and females, which were 4.70 and 4.77 mm CW, respectively. The functional maturity was calculated in 4.80 mm CW. The reproductive period was characterized as seasonal continuous, as well as the recruitment, which is considered as an exception to the expected pattern for tropical and subtropical species. There was no statistically significant difference in sex ratio (M: F) (p> 0.05). This fact is probably due to the pairing behavior, in which the pair formation occurs in gonocoric species and favors equal distribution between males and females. During the study 42 pairs (male and female) were captured. Couples were present in the population in all months of sampling. Territorial behavior is intense and it is commonly found in Alpheidae shrimp, so the pairing strategy can ensure survival and reproductive success. The mean fertility calculated was 148.53 ± 93.37, related to 28 females. There was a positive correlation between the number of eggs and the carapace, Spearman correlation (p<0.05), highlighting a ... / Mestre

Submitted by Alberto Vieira (martins_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2018-05-24T20:44:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 278422.pdf: 12707060 bytes, checksum: 78bc02382727d7e4b32d7c42959ad395 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-24T20:44:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 278422.pdf: 12707060 bytes, checksum: 78bc02382727d7e4b32d7c42959ad395 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998-04-23 / CAPES / FUJB / A ontogenia de Cryptodromiopsis antillensis (Stimpson, 1858) foi analisada através de dados de literatura (RICE & PROVENZANO, 1966) e observações da megalopa, juvenis e adultos. A megalopa de C. antillensis foi redescrita e Evius ruber Moreira, 1912 foi considerada como sinônimo de C. antillensis por tratar-se da fase megalopa desta espécie. A ontogenia da carapaça e dos apêndices cefálicos, torácicos e abdominais foi acompanhada separadamente. Carapaça, antênulas, antenas, mandíbulas, maxílulas, maxílas, primeiro maxilípede, segundo maxilípede, terceiro maxilípede e pereópodes sofrem mudanças significativas até a fase megalopa, quando adquirem uma forma similar a do adulto. Após a fase megalopa estes apêndices sofrem apenas acréscimo de cerdas. Já o esterno torácico, abdomen, telso, pleópodes e urópodes se modificam até a fase adulta, apresentando dimorfismo sexual. Pl 1 está ausente nas fases zoé e megalopa, surgindo apenas nos juvenis. Foi observada a presença de pleópodes rudimentares (Pl 3-Pl 5) nos espécimens macho de.. C. antillensis. A espécie C. antillensis se encaixa no padrão ontogenético da família Dromiidae. A única espécie que foge ao padrão dromiídeo é Cryptodromia tuberculata, que apresenta desenvolvimento abreviado. Dados ontogenéticos não suportam a monofilia dos Podotremata. A zoé 1 dos Dromiidae e a pré-zoé dos Dynomenidae são similares. A ontogenia do Homolodromiidae apresentou-se bastante diferente daquela dos Dromiidae. O caráter urópodes rudimentares (visíveis ventralmente) na fase megalopa, separa os Homolodromiidae de todos outros Podotremata. Apenas um caráter ontogenético sustenta os Dromiacea sensu GUINOT (1978): exopodito da antena desenvolvido na megalopa. O padrão ontogenético dos Archaeobrachyra sensu GUINOT (1978) também foi estudado. Dados ontogenéticos não fornecem suporte ao agrupamento dos Archaeobrachyura. Os seguintes caracteres ontogenéticos caracterizam os Homoloidea: 4-6 cerdas e estetos no protopodito da antênula na zoé 1; padrão de cerdas na base (2, 2, ,2, 3) e no endopodito (1+0, 1+0, 1+0, 2+0, 4+1) do Mxpl na zoé 1; endopodito do Mxpl divdido em dois artículos na megalopa; padrão de cerdas na base (1, 1, 1, 1) do Mxp2 na zoé 1. Apenas um caráter ontogenético é comum ao Raninidae e Cymonomidae: telso furcado. / The ontogeny of Cryptodromiopsis antillensis (Stimpson, 1858) it was analyzed through literature data (RICE & PROVENZANO, 1966) and observations of the megalopa, juveniles and adults. The megalopa of C. antillensis was redescribed and Evius ruber Moreira, 1912 was considered as synonym of C. antillensis by being of the phase megalopa of this species. The ontogeny of the carapace and the cephalic, thoracic and abdominal appendages it was accompanied separately. Carapace, antennule, antenna, mandible, maxillule, maxilla, first maxiliped, second maxiliped, third maxiliped and pereiopods suffer significant changes until the phase megalopa, when they acquire a similar form the one of the adult. After the phase megalopa these appendages just suffer increment of setae. Already the sternum thoracic, abdomen, telson, pleopods and uropods modify until the adult phase, presenting sexual dimorfism. Pl 1 is absent in the phases zoea and megalopa, just appearing in the juveniles ones. The presence of rudimentary pleopods was observed (Pl 3-Pl 5) in the male specimens of C. antillensis. Cryptodromiopsis. Antillensis, has the ontogenetic pattern of the family Dromiidae. The only species that outrange the Dromiidae pattern is Cryptodromia tuberculata, that presents abbreviated development. Ontogenetic data don't support the monophiletism of Podotremata. The zoea 1 of Dromiidae and the pre-zoea of Dynomenidae are similar. The ontogeny of Homolodromiidae came quite different from that of Dromiidae. The character rudimentary uropods (in a ventral view) in the megalopa phase, separates Homolodromiidae from all other Podotremata. Only one ontogenetic character justifies the Dromiacea sensu GUINOT ( 1978): antennal exopod developed in the megalopa. The ontogenetic pattern of the Archaeobrachyura sensu GUINOT ( 1978) was also studied. Ontogenetic data don't support the group of Archaeobrachyura. The following ontogenetic characters diagnoses Homoloidea: 4-6 setae and aesthetasc setae in the protopod of the antennule in the zoea 1; pattern of setae in the base (2, 2, ,2, 3) and in the endopod ( 1+0, 1+0, 1+0, 2+0, 4+1) of the Mxpl in the zoea 1; endopod of the Mxpl dividido in two articles in the megalopa; pattern of setae in the base ( 1, 1, 1, 1) of the Mxp2 in the zoea 1. Only one ontogenetic character is common to Raninidae and Cymonomidae: furcated telson.