Objective: To investigate the association between functional foods and dental caries experience in Quebec children. Methodology: A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline wave of the QUALITY cohort was conducted and included a total of 195 children aged 8-10 years. Dietary information was collected by the use of 24--hour recalls. The adequate and inadequate intakes of specific nutrients were assessed in order to create a functional foods index. Dental caries experience was measured by DMF-S index and further categorized into presence and absence of caries. Data were collected on socio-demographic, oral health behaviour and anthropometric measures (height and weight). Data analysis involved logistic regression. Results: Girls eating functional foods were 89% less likely to have 1 decayed or filled tooth. [OR= 0.11 95% CI= (0.01-0.92)]. Conclusion: Functional foods had a protective effect against dental caries, specifically among girls in this sample of children.

No description available.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Two of the three fluoride varnishes sold on the American market today are sold in 10-ml tubes of 5.0-percent NaF varnish (Duraphat and Duraflor). Pilot studies have shown that a separation of contents within these tubes exists. The purpose of the current study was four-fold: 1) to measure the fluoride concentration gradient in 10-ml tubes of fluoride varnish, based on the resting position of the tube prior to use; 2 ) to compare a varnish 's concentration gradient to its ability to inhibit caries in an artificial caries environment; 3) to compare and contrast fluoride concentration gradients of Duraphat and Duraflor; and finally, 4) to determine if Quantitative Light Fluorescence(QLF) can detect differences in lesions developed when exposed to an artificial caries environment and fluoride varnish. Human teeth specimens were subjected to a caries challenge and treated with a sample of fluoride varnish from one of five categories: Duraphat stored horizontally and vertically for one week; Duraflor stored horizontally and vertically for one week; or a CavityShield 0.4 ml unit-dose. Results show that no significant fluoride/ppm differences exist between groups (p = 0.29). It was shown that the order in which Duraflor varnish was dispensed from the tubes significantly affected the fluoride concentration (p < 0.05). The order effect was not significant for Duraphat (p = 0.99). QLF data analysis shows there is no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the amount of remineralization obtained by using any varnish stored in any position. This was confirmed using confocal microscopy. These results indicate that all three brands of fluoride varnish are able to remineralize incipient in vitro carious lesions, regardless of from which part of the 10-ml tube the varnish is taken. However, a fluoride concentration gradient exists in tubes of Duraflor. Also, QLF is able to detect denmineralized and remineralized incipient lesions.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / This study was designed to determine if additional fluoride, ingested as a sodium fluoride - vitamin supplement would provide added protection against dental caries without causing any significant fluorosis. A total of 456 children, one to 14 months of age, residing in cities having 0.6 - 0. 8 ppm F in the water supply were randomly assigned according to age, sex and community to the following groups : Group A, 0. 5 mg F to age 3 then 1. 0 mg thereafter; Group B (control), vitamins throughout the study; and Group C, 0.5 mg F throughout the study. Dental examinations were started at approximately 2 1/2 to 3 years of age and were repeated every six months. A fluorosis examination ended the study after about seven years. When compared according to length of time on product, Group A had a significant reduction in deft and defs of 42.2 and 47.1 percent at 60 months. Group C had a 32.1 and 37.4 percent reduction. When compared by age, Group A had a 37.5 and 44.8 percent reduction in deft and defs at 66 months. Group C had a 34.3 and 40.1 percent reduction for the same period. No significant reductions were observed in permanent teeth. Based on the fluorosis index (Group A - 0.250; Group B - 0.033; and Group C - 0.188) none of the groups had any unacceptable amounts of fluorosis. The results indicate that up to 1.0 mg per day of additional fluoride does not cause objectionable fluorosis and may be ingested safely by children residing in areas containing 0. 6 - 0. 8 ppm F in the water supply. A 0.5 mg F supplement was almost as effective as a 1.0 mg level in providing added protection against dental caries in primary teeth.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:15:13Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 valera_fb_me_araca.pdf: 2089495 bytes, checksum: 043cb7c69bceb3b8f10ce7daee8b60a9 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, comparativamente, a efetividade e a reprodutibilidade dos métodos de inspeção visual (IV), radiografia interproximal (RXI) e fluorescência a laser (L), no diagnóstico de lesões cariosas oclusais, e nos planos de tratamento para estas superfícies. Utilizou-se 72 dentes humanos extraídos. Os exames de diagnóstico e as decisões de tratamento foram realizados por três examinadores devidamente calibrados, sendo os dentes examinados de forma aleatória. Nos exames de diagnóstico foram utilizados os três métodos de diagnóstico (IV, RXI e L) individualmente. Os planos de tratamento foram determinados baseados nos três métodos de diagnóstico (IV, RXI e L) e suas possíveis combinações. Após os exames, os dentes foram seccionados e avaliados imagenológicamente para a 83 determinação do padrão ouro. A inspeção visual e a fluorescência a laser foram os métodos que apresentaram os melhores resultados em relação aos diagnósticos realizados. No entanto, o exame radiográfico interproximal e a fluorescência a laser quando empregados individualmente apresentaram menor eficiência na determinação de planos de tratamento para superfícies oclusais, quando comparados aos outros tipos de exames. Apesar da alta reprodutibilidade da fluorescência a laser (KaVo DIAGNOdent) em relação aos outros métodos de diagnóstico, estes resultados devem ser interpretados de forma cautelosa quanto sua utilização no monitoramento de lesões cariosas. / The aim of this study was to evaluate, comparatively, the effectiveness and the reproducibility of the visual inspection (IV), interproximal radiograph (RXI) and laser fluorescence (L), in the diagnosis of occlusal caries lesions, and in the determination of the plans treatment for these surfaces. Seventy-two extract human teeth were utilized. Three calibrated examiners made the diagnostic exams and the treatment decisions. In the diagnostic exams were utilized three diagnostic methods (IV, RXI and L), individually. For the plan treatment determination were utilized the same three diagnostic methods and their possible combinations. To determinate the gold standard, the teeth were sectioned and evaluated imagenologicaly. The visual inspection and laser fluorescence were the methods that showed the best 86 diagnostic results. However, the interproximal radiograph and laser fluorescence methods showed low efficiency in the plan treatment determination, when utilized individually. In spit of the high laser fluorescence reproducibility, these results should be carefully interpret, when utilize this system (KaVo DIAGNOdent) for longitudinal monitoring of caries.

Resumo: Produtos naturais têm sido estudados com relação ao controle químico da microbiota patogênica do biofilme bucal. O objetivo desse estudo foi esclarecer o efeito do extrato da folha de Psidium cattleianum no metabolismo de S. mutans, no biofilme formado in situ e na capacidade em inibir a desmineralização do esmalte. O extrato foi obtido por decocção das folhas em água deionizada. O efeito do extrato foi avaliado in vitro com relação à viabilidade, expressão protéica e produção de ácido de biofilmes de S. mutans. No estudo in situ, blocos de esmalte bovino foram fixados em dispositivos acrílicos palatinos de dez voluntários. A fase experimental consistiu de três etapas de 14 dias cada, separadas por intervalo de sete dias. Os voluntários gotejaram solução de sacarose 20% (8x/dia) e a solução de tratamento (água, extrato ou um enxaguatório comercial; 2x/dia). O biofilme dentário foi analisado quanto à acidogenicidade, quantidade microorganismos e presença de polissacarídeos álcali-solúveis. Nos blocos de esmalte, foram realizadas as análises de microdureza superficial e em secção longitudinal. O extrato foi capaz de afetar a viabilidade, a produção de ácidos e a síntese protéica do biofilme formado in vitro. No biofilme formado in situ, o extrato foi capaz de diminuir a queda do pH, o acúmulo de microorganismos, a formação de polissacarídeos extracelulares e a desmineralização do esmalte. Conclui-se que o extrato foi capaz de diminuir a expressão de proteínas envolvidas no metabolismo bacteriano, a patogenicidade do biofilme bucal e a desmineralização do esmalte in situ. / Abstract: Natural products have been studied with relation to chemical control of pathogenical microorganisms of dental biofilm. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of Psidium cattleianum leaf extract on S. mutans metabolism, on in situ biofilms and on enamel demineralization. The extract was obtained by decoction in deionized water. The extract was studied in vitro with relation to viability, protein expression and acid production of S. mutans biofilms. On the in situ study, enamel bovine blocks were placed in palatal appliances of ten volunteers. The experimental phase consisted of three stages with a duration of 14 days each and a washout period of seven days. The volunteers dripped 20% sucrose (8x/day) and the treatment solution (water, extract or a marketed mouthwash - 2x/day) on the enamel blocks. The dental biofilm was analyzed regarding the amount of microorganisms and presence of alkalisoluble polysaccharides. On the enamel blocks, surface and cross-sectional microhardnessess were evaluated. The extract was able to affect the viability, acid production and protein synthesis of the in vitro biofilm. On the in situ biofilm, the extract was able to decrease pH drop, microorganism accumulation, extracellular polysaccharides formation and enamel demineralization. It can be concluded that the extract was able to reduce the expression of proteins involved on bacterial metabolism, the pathogenicity of dental biofilm and in situ enamel demineralization. / Orientador: Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem / Coorientador: Elerson Gaetti-Jardim Júnior / Banca: Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf / Banca: Cínthia Pereira Machado Tabchoury / Banca: Cristina Antoniali Silva / Banca: Maria Aparecida de Andrade Moreira Machado / Doutor

Orientadores: Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani, Marines Nobre dos Santos Uchoa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T23:30:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kantovitz_KamilaRosamilia_M.pdf: 3365623 bytes, checksum: a05cfc9eab8f27e1165a5bee42d00c0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: As superfícies oclusais são locais suscetíveis ao acúmulo de biofilme bacteriano favorecendo o desenvolvimento de lesões de cárie. Os selantes de fóssulas e fissuras oclusais vêm sendo proposto na prevenção desta doença multifatorial, principalmente em pacientes de alto risco. Desta forma, os objetivos deste estudo in vitro foram avaliar: 1 - a formação de fendas na interface esmalte/selante (gaps) de diferentes tipos de materiais usados como selantes (Selante resinoso, Cimento de ionômero de vidro, Cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina e Sistemas adesivos) quando submetidos ao severo estresse físico e químico e 2 - o efeito de inibição da perda mineral do esmalte produzida pelos selantes oclusais que contém ou não fluoretos e verificar a capacidade de liberação de flúor destes materiais. Um total de 108 terceiros molares humanos inclusos foi aleatoriamente dividido em grupos de acordo com o material, e selados: Concise (C), FluroShield (F), Helioseal Clear Chroma (H), Vitremer (V), Fuji II-LC (FII), Ketac Molar (KM), Fuji IX (FIX), Single Bond (SB), e Clearfil Protect Bond (CF). Todos os grupos foram submetidos à ciclagem térmica (500 ciclos) e de pH (14 dias). Para a avaliação da formação de fendas e do efeito de inibição à cárie, os espécimes foram constituídos de fragmentos de fissuras oclusais, obtidos a partir de secções longitudinais, no sentido vestíbulo-lingual da fossa central para os molares inferiores, e da fossa mesial para os superiores. Por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, da análise de microdureza (% de volume mineral) e da análise da liberação de flúor destes materiais nas soluções dês-remineralizadoras foram avaliados os efeitos dos materiais quanto à formação de ¿gaps¿ e inibição da perda mineral do esmalte dentário. Os resultados demonstraram que Single Bond e Vitremer foram efetivos na preservação da interface material selador/superfície oclusal do esmalte, suportando as condições de severo estresse físico e químico oferecidos pelo modelo in vitro proposto. Os selantes resinosos não foram capazes de prevenir a perda mineral do esmalte oclusal de dentes permanentes exposto ao desafio cariogênico. Já selantes ionoméricos revelaram os menores valores de perda mineral de esmalte na mesma situação experimental. Deve-se considerar que o flúor liberado pelos selantes ionoméricos foi capaz de prevenir a perda mineral do esmalte. Entretanto, apenas a presença de flúor na composição do material não foi capaz de interferir na inibição da perda mineral do esmalte / Abstract: The occlusal surfaces are considered susceptible sites for the biofilm accumulation, which increases caries development. Pit and fissure dental sealants are recognized as an important adjunct approach for caries prevention in high caries risk patients. However, in the search for a material that has a good clinical performance, it should be considered the integration of retention and fluoride-releasing properties in sealant materials. The aims of this in vitro study were to quantitatively evaluate: 1 - the effect of different materials when used as sealants (Resin sealant, Glass-ionomer cements, Resin-modified glass-ionomer cements, and Adhesive systems) on the gap formation in the fissure submitted to physical and chemical stress, and 2 - the effect of enamel mineral loss of fluoride- and non-fluoride-containing occlusal sealants on permanent teeth at different distances from the sealant margin and verify the fluoride releasing capability of these materials. One hundred and eight impacted human third molars were sealed and randomly assigned into: Concise (C), FluroShield (F), Helioseal Clear Chroma (H), Vitremer (V), Fuji II-LC (FII), Ketac Molar (KM), Fuji IX (FIX), Single Bond (SB), and Clearfil Protect Bond (CF) groups. All groups were subjected to thermo cycling (500 cycles) and 14 days of pH cycling. Each tooth was longitudinally sectioned in order to obtain oclusal specimens. It was consist in a perpendicular slice to the fissure orientation in the central fossa of mandibular and mesial fossa of maxillary molars. Scanning Electron Microscopy and cross-section microhardness evaluations assessed marginal adaptation and enamel mineral loss, respectively. The results demonstrated that Single Bond and Vitremer sealants were effective in preserve the marginal adaptation in the enamel occlusal fissure. They were able to support the stress conditions offered by this in vitro model. On the other hand, resin sealant did not prevent the enamel mineral loss in permanent teeth in a situation that simulated a high cariogenic challenge. Considering glass ionomer cements, the fluoride release level of these materials were able to decrease the enamel mineral loss. Moreover, only the presence of fluoride on the material¿s composition cannot predict the material¿s behavior with regard to their capability to interfere with the enamel mineral loss on permanent teeth / Mestrado / Odontopediatria / Mestre em Odontologia

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / In 1973 the state of Indiana initiated a program to fluoridate the water in rural school systems to a concentration of 4.0 ppm. Today, the optimal concentration is 3.5 ppm. When it was initiated, school water fluoridation was a popular method of providing fluoride supplementation to children who didn't have access to community-fluoridated water. Today, only Indiana runs a school water fluoridation program, and the CDC has stated that continuation of these efforts should be based on caries risk, alternate preventive measures, and periodic evaluation of program effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the Indiana school water fluoridation program in order to determine if children participating in the program develop less caries with no increased risk of fluorosis. Four hundred sixty students were examined from Northwestern Consolidated School Corporation in Shelby County (fluoridated school) and North Knox School Corporation in Knox County (non-fluoridated school). Three hundred ninety-one students were statistically evaluated, 204 from the fluoridated school and 187 from the non-fluoridated school. A thorough visual examination was conducted by the same examiner collecting data on DMFS, defs, and fluorosis in grades 1-6. DMFS scores were 28 percent less for fluoridated students compared with non-fluoridated students (0.95 versus 1.32). Although the effect of fluoridation status on caries in permanent teeth is not statistically significant, the author believes this difference may be clinically significant. Analysis of defs scores showed fluoridated students with 6 percent less defs than non-fluoridated students, although the results were not statistically significant. Only 3.92 percent of the students at the fluoridated school showed fluorosis, while 10.16 percent showed signs of mild fluorosis at the non-fluoridated school. Conclusion: While not statistically significant, children attending the school fluoridated with 3.5 ppm of fluoride developed less caries and suffered no increase of fluorosis compared with children attending schools not participating in the school fluoridation program. Further analysis is necessary through statewide blind examinations at numerous school systems to further assess the efficacy of the Indiana School Water Fluoridation Program.

Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Medicine. Johannesburg 2012. / Dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most common bacterial oral infections in humans. Prevention and treatment of these infections are oral hygiene measures including antimicrobial compounds which can be chemical agents or natural products. Dodonaea viscosa var. angustifolia is an indigenous South African plant that has antibacterial, antiviral and anticandida properties. This study investigated the antibacterial and antivirulence effect of D. viscosa var. angustifolia on cariogenic bacteria and the causative organisms of periodontal diseases.