<p>Reardon, Mitchell. (2010) <em>An Opportunity for Renewal: The Participatory Process and Social and Income Diversity in Brownfield Developments</em></p><p>Urban and Regional Planning, advanced level, master thesis for master exam in Urban and Regional Planning, 30 ECTS credits.</p><p>Supervisor: Dr. Thomas Borén</p><p>Language: English</p><p> </p><p>Participatory planning and the redevelopment of brownfield locations have both figured prominently in urban and regional planning strategies in recent decades. Despite their growing importance, these trends have rarely been analysed in concert however. Further, the issues of social and income diversity within this context have received less attention. In recognizing this void, this paper explores the use of participatory planning in brownfield developments, with an emphasis on social and income diversity. Through a review of the participatory planning theories of communicative action and the just city, strategies for promoting participatory planning and social and income diversity, are identified. A case study of Norra Djurgårdsstaden, a brownfield development in Stockholm, Sweden is employed to analyse these strategies. In undertaking the case study, data was collected through interviews and planning documents. This study found that the inherently high cost of redeveloping brownfield locations inhibits social and income diversity and requires an overt response to mitigate it. Participatory planning offers the possibility of engaging stakeholders who may otherwise be ignored, providing the opportunity to create a more inclusive development. It is also clear that an inclusionary goal must be part of a wider strategy, or is otherwise likely to be ignored.</p>

Reardon, Mitchell. (2010) An Opportunity for Renewal: The Participatory Process and Social and Income Diversity in Brownfield Developments Urban and Regional Planning, advanced level, master thesis for master exam in Urban and Regional Planning, 30 ECTS credits. Supervisor: Dr. Thomas Borén Language: English   Participatory planning and the redevelopment of brownfield locations have both figured prominently in urban and regional planning strategies in recent decades. Despite their growing importance, these trends have rarely been analysed in concert however. Further, the issues of social and income diversity within this context have received less attention. In recognizing this void, this paper explores the use of participatory planning in brownfield developments, with an emphasis on social and income diversity. Through a review of the participatory planning theories of communicative action and the just city, strategies for promoting participatory planning and social and income diversity, are identified. A case study of Norra Djurgårdsstaden, a brownfield development in Stockholm, Sweden is employed to analyse these strategies. In undertaking the case study, data was collected through interviews and planning documents. This study found that the inherently high cost of redeveloping brownfield locations inhibits social and income diversity and requires an overt response to mitigate it. Participatory planning offers the possibility of engaging stakeholders who may otherwise be ignored, providing the opportunity to create a more inclusive development. It is also clear that an inclusionary goal must be part of a wider strategy, or is otherwise likely to be ignored.

The physical redevelopment of Canadian downtown cores has been seen as a primary issue in economically and socially revitalizing urban areas. In the case of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, the Citys South Downtown area is in need of such rejuvenation. In 2004 redevelopment plans for the area are underway; Saskatoon has set out a proposal to redevelop both its riverfront area and adjacent South Downtown. In order to accomplish the goal of a revitalized South Downtown, the authors of a successful redevelopment proposal must first identify a suitable user population for the area, namely the population of Saskatoon in its entirety, including the Citys disadvantaged central neighbourhood residents. The purpose of this thesis is to define the socio-economic traits of this potential user population for Saskatoons South Downtown in order to recommend facilities and services that should be included in the redevelopment effort. Census data for the fifty-one census tracts that comprise the census metropolitan area of Saskatoon are used to define the social and economic characteristics of this user population. After reviewing the populations socio-economic situations, as well as the social and business organizations that are currently located in the area, recommendations regarding appropriate, requisite facilities and services can be ascertained. These recommendations could then be implemented in the undertakings currently transpiring in Saskatoons South Downtown. Along with defining the socio-economic character of the user population, this study also examines past redevelopment proposals for Saskatoons South Downtown area in an attempt to understand the historical context of the area. The three main past plans for the South Downtown area include: The Meewasin Valley Project (also known as Moriyamas 100 Year Plan), the Mayors Task Force Report, and Princeton Developments South Downtown Master Plan. All of these failed attempts share many common design traits, culminating in the general goal to develop the area into a commercial, residential and recreational area that would cater to the upper-class residents of the city as well as higher-income tourists and visitors to the area. While it must not be assumed that plans which exclude lower-income populations are inherently wrong and destined to be unsuccessful, by targeting such an exclusive population as the primary users of a South Downtown redevelopment, the authors of the previous plans had inadvertently sought to develop an elite district of Saskatoon, financially inaccessible to a vast majority of the citys population. Defining the socio-economic traits of a user population that is comprised of all Saskatonians, and implementing facilities and services that cater to them, would result in an area that is not discriminating; all peoples regardless of life situation or neighbourhood of residence would be able to enjoy an interesting and revitalized South Downtown area of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

The physical redevelopment of Canadian downtown cores has been seen as a primary issue in economically and socially revitalizing urban areas. In the case of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, the Citys South Downtown area is in need of such rejuvenation. In 2004 redevelopment plans for the area are underway; Saskatoon has set out a proposal to redevelop both its riverfront area and adjacent South Downtown. In order to accomplish the goal of a revitalized South Downtown, the authors of a successful redevelopment proposal must first identify a suitable user population for the area, namely the population of Saskatoon in its entirety, including the Citys disadvantaged central neighbourhood residents. The purpose of this thesis is to define the socio-economic traits of this potential user population for Saskatoons South Downtown in order to recommend facilities and services that should be included in the redevelopment effort. Census data for the fifty-one census tracts that comprise the census metropolitan area of Saskatoon are used to define the social and economic characteristics of this user population. After reviewing the populations socio-economic situations, as well as the social and business organizations that are currently located in the area, recommendations regarding appropriate, requisite facilities and services can be ascertained. These recommendations could then be implemented in the undertakings currently transpiring in Saskatoons South Downtown. Along with defining the socio-economic character of the user population, this study also examines past redevelopment proposals for Saskatoons South Downtown area in an attempt to understand the historical context of the area. The three main past plans for the South Downtown area include: The Meewasin Valley Project (also known as Moriyamas 100 Year Plan), the Mayors Task Force Report, and Princeton Developments South Downtown Master Plan. All of these failed attempts share many common design traits, culminating in the general goal to develop the area into a commercial, residential and recreational area that would cater to the upper-class residents of the city as well as higher-income tourists and visitors to the area. While it must not be assumed that plans which exclude lower-income populations are inherently wrong and destined to be unsuccessful, by targeting such an exclusive population as the primary users of a South Downtown redevelopment, the authors of the previous plans had inadvertently sought to develop an elite district of Saskatoon, financially inaccessible to a vast majority of the citys population. Defining the socio-economic traits of a user population that is comprised of all Saskatonians, and implementing facilities and services that cater to them, would result in an area that is not discriminating; all peoples regardless of life situation or neighbourhood of residence would be able to enjoy an interesting and revitalized South Downtown area of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

Existing literature suggests that mixed land-use developments have the potential to reduce traffic by “capturing” some trips internally and providing a pedestrian-friendly environment to facilitate walking for some trips. However, these elements which are meant to provide the traffic-reducing benefits also reduce the overall cost of travel, thereby increasing the total amount of travel. This “induced” travel has implications for the site planning process, which assumes that all internal trips are replacing trips on the external street network. In this investigation, travel survey data were analyzed to determine the nature and extent of induced travel at mixed-use developments. The study site was a 75-acre suburban infill mixed-use development in Plano, Texas. Features of the study site included a diverse land-use mix, a grid-style street layout, and pedestrian-oriented streetscapes. The travel survey was administered as an interview of persons exiting buildings at the site and gathered information about two trips made by the respondent, including whether the trip made at the time of the interview was induced. A trip was considered induced if the respondent would not have made the trip if it had required travel outside of Legacy Town Center. Analysis found that in the morning, four percent of all trips at the study site were induced; in the afternoon, about one-quarter of all trips were induced. Induced trips accounted for one-eighth of internal trips in the morning and forty percent of internal trips in the afternoon. Most internal trips made in an automobile were replacements for off-site travel while most trips made on foot were induced. Based on this study, it is evident that some internal trips at mixeduse developments are not “captured” from external streets, but represent additional trips, induced by travel cost savings in the mixed-use environment. However, it is demonstrated that, even with this additional travel, mixed-use developments still contribute to a reduction in overall vehicle-miles of travel. Stakeholders are encouraged to consider these findings when evaluating new land-use policies or the traffic impacts of proposed mixed-use developments.

<p>Macro Trends in Chinese Human Resources</p><p>As we move into a more advanced globalized economy we have developed from an</p><p>agriculture society to a service society. As with every other part of human development</p><p>we have continued down the path of innovation and change to what some today call the</p><p>“creative society”. It might be to early to say that we are entering a new age but it is clear</p><p>that changes happen faster and with greater impact across the globe and that is creating a</p><p>society that is different from before.</p><p>A society where the talented, educated, creative, are the catalyst of economic</p><p>development in a modern economy. But the rise of this creative class and the process of</p><p>globalization also offer problems. When people elevate themselves and those around</p><p>them to new heights through major change the people who are unable to transit into such</p><p>a world run the risk of being left behind. It is the paradox of Globalization; it brings</p><p>riches to the people who can adapt to it while the others are often left to tend for</p><p>themselves.</p><p>This thesis is about those effects on the world’s most populous nation, China. And when</p><p>it comes to these, the Human Resources, the most productive elements of a modern</p><p>- 5 -</p><p>society, China is far behind. The Chinese race toward becoming a major global power is</p><p>as much about catching up to the rest of the world economically a socially and politically.</p><p>As China masses its economical muscles to change other problems evolve and the speed</p><p>of the change lead to even more complicated social problems that might come back to</p><p>haunt the country’s development path.</p><p>China is trying to do what it took the major developed nations of the world a larger part</p><p>of the last 300 years to do in one generation. Pushed by the need for reform the</p><p>communist party is juggling politics, economy, and education of their people in more and</p><p>more complicated ways and further and further away from each other. The story</p><p>however, starts on a train ride between Washington DC and New York.</p>

<p>Makro Trender inom Kinesiska Human Resurser</p><p>Medan vi går mot en mer avancerad globaliserad ekonomi har vi också utvecklats från ett</p><p>jordbrukssamhälle till ett service samhälle. Som med alla andra delar av mänsklighetens</p><p>utveckling har vi fortsatt på en stig av entreprenörskap och förändring till det som vissa</p><p>idag kallar ett ”kreativt samhälle”. Det kan vara för tidigt att säga att vi är på väg in i en</p><p>ny era men det är klart att förändringar händer mycket snabbare och med en större effekt</p><p>runtom jorden och det skapar ett samhälle som är annorlunda jämfört med förut.</p><p>Ett samhälle där de begåvade, utbildade och kreativa är den ekonomiska utvecklingens</p><p>katalysator. Men uppkomsten av denna, den kreativa klassen, och globaliserings</p><p>processen innebär också problem. När människor höjer sig själva och dem runtomkring</p><p>till nya höjder genom omfattande förändring finns en risk att de människor som inte</p><p>klarar omställningen till en sådan värld lämnas kvar. Det är Globaliseringens paradox;</p><p>den ger rikedom till människor som kan anpassa sig medan de andra ofta lämnas för att ta</p><p>hand om sig själva.</p><p>Den här uppsatsen handlar om de effekterna på världens mest befolkade nation, Kina.</p><p>När de kommer till dessa, Human Resurser, de mest produktiva elementen av ett modernt</p><p>samhälle är Kina långt bakom. Det Kinesiska loppet mot att bli en global makt handlar</p><p>- 3 -</p><p>lika mycket om att komma ifatt resten av världen ekonomiskt som socialt och politiskt.</p><p>Medan Kina spänner sina ekonomiska muskler för att förändras uppstår andra problem</p><p>och hastigheten som Kina förändras med leder till mer komplicerade sociala problem som</p><p>kan komma att hota landets utveckling.</p><p>Kina försöker göra det som det tog de främsta utvecklade länderna i världen den största</p><p>delen av de senaste 300 åren att göra inom loppet av en generation. Tvingade av</p><p>nödvändigheten av reformer jonglerar kommunistpartiet dessa politiska, ekonomiska och</p><p>utbildningsmässiga problem på mer och mer komplicerade sätt och längre och längre bort</p><p>från varandra. Den här historien börjar dock på ett tåg mellan Washington DC och New</p><p>York.</p> / <p>Macro Trends in Chinese Human Resources</p><p>As we move into a more advanced globalized economy we have developed from an</p><p>agriculture society to a service society. As with every other part of human development</p><p>we have continued down the path of innovation and change to what some today call the</p><p>“creative society”. It might be to early to say that we are entering a new age but it is clear</p><p>that changes happen faster and with greater impact across the globe and that is creating a</p><p>society that is different from before.</p><p>A society where the talented, educated, creative, are the catalyst of economic</p><p>development in a modern economy. But the rise of this creative class and the process of</p><p>globalization also offer problems. When people elevate themselves and those around</p><p>them to new heights through major change the people who are unable to transit into such</p><p>a world run the risk of being left behind. It is the paradox of Globalization; it brings</p><p>riches to the people who can adapt to it while the others are often left to tend for</p><p>themselves.</p><p>This thesis is about those effects on the world’s most populous nation, China. And when</p><p>it comes to these, the Human Resources, the most productive elements of a modern</p><p>- 5 -</p><p>society, China is far behind. The Chinese race toward becoming a major global power is</p><p>as much about catching up to the rest of the world economically a socially and politically.</p><p>As China masses its economical muscles to change other problems evolve and the speed</p><p>of the change lead to even more complicated social problems that might come back to</p><p>haunt the country’s development path.</p><p>China is trying to do what it took the major developed nations of the world a larger part</p><p>of the last 300 years to do in one generation. Pushed by the need for reform the</p><p>communist party is juggling politics, economy, and education of their people in more and</p><p>more complicated ways and further and further away from each other. The story</p><p>however, starts on a train ride between Washington DC and New York.</p>

The 711-acre Mueller development is located just three miles northeast of downtown on the former site of the Robert Mueller Municipal Airport. Planned as one of Austin’s major transit-oriented New Urbanist developments, Mueller contains a pattern of pedestrian and bike friendly streets to encourage a range of transportation options for residents and visitors. Mueller is 30% complete and provides housing and jobs to over 3000 residents and 3000 employees. This MDS seeks to understand how current residents, employees, and visitors use the bike lanes, sidewalks, and roads in the Mueller community. To evaluate the transportation infrastructure, the author designed and coded a custom Google Maps survey that asked residents to draw common routes, points of interest, and points of concern related to their transportation choices. The results of this study then influenced a future urban design of the undeveloped portion of Mueller. / text

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Contemporary Greco-Roman wrestling has been rapidly developing – competition among sportsmen has increased, sportsmen s selection system and technologies of athletes preparation of many countries have improved, sporting results have been becoming better, thus all these things stimulate the interest of searching for scientifically approved methods, means and forms of training’s of sportsmen preparation. The study comprises the analysis of the cycle of annual training’s (years 2003-2004) for Greco-Roman wrestlers of the Lithuanian Olympic Sports Centre. The structure of the annual preparation of sportsmen, volume of training’s, intensity, specification, change of physical and functional capacity during the annual cycle of training sessions have been analyzed. The research has shown the content of separate periods of the wrestlers' annual preparation cycle to be too monotonous. A similar number of competitions in terms of percentage in all the periods, comparatively small amount of time spent for general and special physical preparation, almost unchanged intensity of training sessions have been revealed. This is confirmed by wrestlers'minor change of physical and functional capacity in the cycle of annual training sessions. The conclusions of this study allow us to presume that the programme of annual training cycle for Greco-Roman wrestlers at Lithuanian Olympic sports centre must be improved.