Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-03-10T15:02:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_Gustavo Henrique da Silva Lima.pdf: 4595532 bytes, checksum: 4603e6de29e352c8a7439ab15b19c17e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-10T15:02:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Tese_Gustavo Henrique da Silva Lima.pdf: 4595532 bytes, checksum: 4603e6de29e352c8a7439ab15b19c17e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-12 / Esta tese inscreve-se num movimento recente de pesquisas em Linguística Aplicada que investigam o trabalho do professor no contexto educacional brasileiro. O objetivo foi o de investigar as ressignificações do professor de Língua Portuguesa no que concerne ao agir didático com gêneros textuais. Assumimos aqui a noção de agir didático elaborada por Silva (2013), a qual compreende a dimensão do agir docente em que ocorre o processo de decomposição do objeto de ensino, com vistas ao desenvolvimento cognitivo dos alunos. O referencial teórico é composto pelo aporte teórico-metodológico do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 1999, 2006 e 2008; MACHADO e BRONCKART, 2009), numa interface com os estudos oriundos da didática das línguas (SCHNEUWLY E DOLZ, 2004 e 2009; DOLZ, GAGNON E DECÂNDIO, 2009; SCHNEUWLY, 2009) e das disciplinas do trabalho (AMIGUES, 2004; CLOT, 2007; MACHADO, 2010 e BULEA, 2010). O corpus foi constituído por duas sequências de ensino com gêneros, além de entrevistas e textos produzidos por duas professoras de Língua Portuguesa em sessões de autoconfrontação simples e cruzada. Os resultados evidenciaram que as escolhas dos gêneros a serem levados para a sala de aula seguiam critérios que consideravam não só as prescrições oficiais, mas as necessidades de ensino e as possiblidades de regulação da aprendizagem. Em relação ao trabalho com gêneros nas aulas de língua materna, identificamos a ocorrência de algumas formas de planificação do agir didático nas práticas de ensino das duas professoras. Ao retomarem e comentarem sobre o seu agir didático com gêneros, observamos que o processo de ressignificação desse agir acontecia mediante um agir-implicado das professoras, em conjunção com as situações didáticas vivenciadas nas salas de aula, o que ficou evidente pelo uso constante do discurso interativo. Também verificamos a recorrência às figuras de ação ocorrência, ação canônica e ação experiência para evocar mundos discursivos que revelavam concepções e práticas já cristalizadas no agir didático das professoras no que concerne ao trabalho com gêneros. As análises apontaram ainda para uma nova categoria de interpretação do agir. / This thesis fits within a recent movement of research work in Applied Linguistics which investigates teacher´s work in the Brazilian educational context. The aim consists in examining how teachers of Portuguese re-signify their didactic actions when working with textual genres. The notion of didactic action developed by Silva (2013) has been adopted in this work. This notion includes the dimension of teacher´s action where the process of decomposition of the teaching object takes place with a view of achieving the students´ cognitive development. The theoretical framework comprises the theoretical and methodological contribution of Sociodiscursive Interactionism (BRONCKART, 1999, 2006 and 2008; MACHADO and BRONCKART, 2009), in an interface with studies on didactics of languages (SCHNEUWLY and DOLZ, 2004 and 2009; DOLZ, GAGNON and DECÂNDIO, 2009; SCHNEUWLY, 2009) and the ones related to work (AMIGUES, 2004; CLOT, 2007; MACHADO, 2010 and BULEA, 2010). The corpus comprises two teaching sequences with genres, as well as interviews and texts produced by two teachers of Portuguese during simple and cross self-confrontation sessions. The results have revealed that the choices of the genres to be taught in the classroom were made in agreement with the criteria which take into account the official prescriptions, the teaching needs as well as the possibilities of learning regulation. In relation to the work with textual genres in first language classes, we have identified the occurrence of some forms of planning of the didactic action in the teaching practice of both teachers. When they revisited and commented upon their didactic action while teaching genres, we have observed that the re-signifying process occurred though the teachers´ implication-action together with the didactic situations experienced in the classrooms, which became clear through the constant use of interactive discourse. We have also observed the recurrence of action figures, namely: occurrence action, canonical action and experience action to recall discursive worlds which reveal crystallized conceptions and practices in the teachers´ didactic action in relation to the teaching of textual genres. The analyses have further indicated a new category for the interpretation of the didactic action.

Cette thèse s'attache à décrire et à comprendre l’activité didactique conjointe de trois enseignants d’EPS et de leurs élèves dans l’enseignement de la gymnastique en Tunisie. Elle a pour objectif de déterminer l’influence de l’expertise et de l’expérience sur la mise en scène et la régulation des situations didactiques. Afin de disposer d’une pluralité de questionnements susceptibles d’éclairer au mieux la complexité de la réalité observée, elle prend appui sur les principaux concepts de la Théorie de l’Action Conjointe en Didactique. Trois cycles d’enseignement portant sur l’enseignement de l’appui tendu renversé-roulade ont été observés. Le recours à une méthode dite « clinique/expérimentale » a permis de créer les conditions de la comparaison inter-cas afin d’analyser dans le détail les interactions didactiques en lien avec l’expérience professionnelle des trois enseignants et selon leur degré d’expertise gymnique. Leurs activités didactiques ont été décrites à partir de l'enregistrement audio et vidéo de séances et de données d'entretiens (ante cycle, ante séance et post séance). Les résultats mettent en évidence les effets conjugués de l’expertise dans l’APS et de l’expérience professionnelle sur l’épistémologie pratique des professeurs. Il ressort de l’analyse comparative que l’expérience professionnelle et l’expertise dans l’APS ont une incidence sur les types de ruptures et/ou de micro-dysfonctionnements observés, rendant compte ainsi du «travail» souterrain du contrat didactique dans ses aspects différentiels en lien avec les positions de genre et les hiérarchies d’excellence des élèves. La recherche confirme que l’épistémologie pratique du professeur est un déterminant du fonctionnement du système didactique. Elle met par ailleurs en évidence que l’expérience et l’expertise professionnelles peuvent expliquer en partie les manières dont les élèves de sexe et de niveaux d’habiletés gymniques différents tirent ou non profit de l’enseignement qui leur est dispensé. / This thesis focuses to describe and understand the joint didactic activity of three physical education teachers and their pupils in gymnastic learning in Tunisia. It aims to determine the expertise and experience influence on the implementation and the regulation of didactic situations. In order to illuminate the complexity of the observed reality, this thesis is based on the main concepts of the Theory of Joint Action in Didactic. In this context, three teaching units about learning handstand - roll were observed using a method called "clinical/experimental" This method has created the conditions for cross case studies to analyze in detail the didactic interactions related to the educational experience of three teachers and according to their expertise in gymnastics. Their didactic activities have been described from the videotapes of the lessons and interviews data (pre-unit, pre-lesson and post-lesson individual interviews with the teachers). The results highlight the combined effects of the expertise and the teaching experience on the teachers’ practical epistemology. It appears from the comparative analysis that the teacher professional experience and expertise in the specific physical activity have an impact on the observed types of breach and/or micro-dysfunction, reflecting the “underground work" of the didactic contract in its differential aspects in relation to pupils’ gender positions and pupils’ hierarchies of excellence. Research confirms that the teacher’s practical epistemology determines the functioning of the didactic system. It is also shown that teaching experience and expertise may partly explain the ways in which pupils (having different gender positions or gymnastic skill levels) take or not benefit of the education they are provided.