Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Emilia Mendonca.pdf: 977680 bytes, checksum: 3fad3ecb9ba92b8079d26a0da8da09a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study deals with some of the contributions made by English psychoanalyst and pediatrician Donald Woods Winnicott to the field of psychomotricity and somatic education. The theoretical aspect and area of operation of these emerging disciplines are presented as well as the use of concepts from traditional psychoanalysis and, in an asymptomatic manner, winnicottian concepts. By introducing as of yet unanswered problems in this field, an attempt was made to show the most appropriate winnicottian concepts to illuminate these issues using indications made by Winnicott himself. Professional / patient and professor / student relationships are addressed underscoring that traditional psychoanalysis theories are not sufficient to help the professional in the treatment of individuals with body-related difficulties. The paradigmatic change operated by Winnicott in psychoanalysis and his re-description of the initial stages of primitive emotional development with an emphasis on the continuity of the being were pointed out as a new horizon for psychomotricity as well. At the same time, the constitution of somatic education was handled as an emerging discipline. Interdisciplinarity in and of itself was shown to be insufficient to handle the transposition of theories from one discipline to another or adequate as a methodological resource to examine the current stage of development of somatic education. The trajectory of the birth of a discipline was outlined using Thomas Kuhn s theories, which also helped to show the need to respect the historical development of theories. The Kuhnian concept of a discipline matrix was used to show an initial chart for the somatic education disciplinary matrix. The concept of body language was used as a link between the three disciplines studied revealing there are many compatible concepts between them and the need for a more in-depth investigation. The need for the disciplines in question to strengthen their theoretical aspects related to knowledge about primitive emotional development and the psychosomatic partnership to be used in somatopsychic and psychosomatic cases was ascertained. Winnicott s personal maturing theory was introduced as a perspective to be considered / Esta pesquisa trata de algumas contribuições do psicanalista e pediatra inglês Donald Woods Winnicott para o campo da psicomotricidade e da educação somática. É apresentado o quadro teórico e a área de atuação destas nascentes disciplinas ao lado do uso feito por elas de conceitos oriundos da psicanálise tradicional e de modo assistemático também de conceitos winnicottianos. Explicitando os problemas ainda sem resposta neste campo se buscou apresentar quais seriam os conceitos winnicottianos mais apropriados para iluminar essas questões a partir das indicações feitas pelo próprio Winnicott. São abordados aspectos do relacionamento profissional / paciente e professor / aluno destacando que as teorias da psicanálise tradicional não são suficientes para ajudar o profissional no trato de indivíduos com dificuldades relativas a seu corpo. Apontou-se que a mudança paradigmática operada por Winnicott na psicanálise e sua re-descrição dos estágios iniciais do desenvolvimento emocional primitivo com ênfase na continuidade de ser franqueou um novo horizonte também para as disciplinas deste estudo. Paralelamente tratou-se da constituição da educação somática como uma disciplina emergente. Foi colocado em evidência que a interdisciplinaridade por si só não dá conta da transposição de teorias de uma disciplina para outra nem se mostra adequada como recurso metodológico para examinar o estágio de desenvolvimento atual da educação somática. Traçou-se o percurso do nascimento de uma disciplina por intermédio das teorias de Thomas Kuhn que auxiliaram também a mostrar a necessidade de se respeitar o desenvolvimento histórico das teorias. O conceito kuhniano de paradigma serviu para iluminar um quadro inicial da matriz disciplinar da educação somática. Foi usado o conceito de imagem corporal como elo de ligação entre as três disciplinas estudadas mostrando-se que existem muitos conceitos compatíveis entre elas e a necessidade de serem aprofundados. Constatou-se a necessidade da educação somática fortalecer seu quadro teórico relativo aos conhecimentos sobre o desenvolvimento emocional primitivo e sobre a parceria psicossomática para atender os casos somatopsíquicos e psicossomáticos. A teoria do amadurecimento pessoal de Winnicott foi apresentada como uma perspectiva a ser considerada.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:40:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Liciana Aparecida Cabral Caneschi.pdf: 2057775 bytes, checksum: e4ed293f751ca179e6bbf1a89201c14a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Within the Psychology studies, the issue of adolescence is gathering more and more space in recent times and, therefore, Clinic has been modified to understand the demands brought from this social group. Adolescence is no longer understood only as a moment of remaking the conflicts from childhood, It´s considering also its particular and unprecedented issues. In addition, the variety of youth manifestations induce Clinic and institutions to be always alert to new forms of communication and sociability of this group. Following this perspective, this work investigates a youth tribe composed by adolescents who are fans of animês and mangás (Japanese cartoons and comics) and, by means of this group, understand more about game and playing in the period of adolescence. This works aims at investigating specificities that playing acquires in adolescence, assuming as main code the mangás, animês and games that arises from them, understanding it all as practices belonging to the same youth tribe - as well as investigate the ways the adolescent self can be manifested through these games. Thus, this study was arranged as a participant research. All the sources talks especially to the Winnicott theory regarding adolescence and playing. Through this research, it was possible to realize that, in the potential space constituted by these adolescents, we see sharing, communication, creation, establishment of relations and a continuous influence among different potential spaces, which extrapolates the area of the own tribe and ultimately influence the culture abroad its belonging. Thereby, it is possible to realize that the adolescents have the desire to occupy varied spaces and institutions of the city, to open themselves to other spaces to be habited on their own way. Fight, escape and flee are verbs quite recurrent in their games and show that It might be the best strategy for the construction of their own refuge. At the moment, the adolescent is in a serious fight against the subordination and he is constantly besieged by the question: "which refuge do people want me to build?" Connected to this, it is also present in the adolescent game a very important element: hope. Hope to be an author, hero and protagonist of their own history. Creating, building and dressing other linen, painting their hair, wearing different adornments, the adolescent says good bye to its childhood and debut in an adult world, motivated to escape a subordination imposed to him / Dentro da Psicologia, o tema da adolescência vem ganhando cada vez mais espaço nos últimos tempos e, consequentemente, a clínica tem sido modificada para compreender as demandas trazidas por esse grupo social. A adolescência vem deixando de ser entendida apenas como um momento de reedição dos conflitos da infância e passando a ser vista também com suas questões particulares e inéditas. Além disso, a própria variedade de expressões juvenis faz com que a clínica e as instituições precisem estar sempre atentas às novas formas de comunicação e sociabilidade deste grupo. Seguindo essa perspectiva, este trabalho procurou investigar uma tribo juvenil composta por adolescentes fãs de animês e mangás (desenhos animados e histórias em quadrinhos japoneses) e, por meio dela, conhecer um pouco sobre o jogo e o brincar neste momento da adolescência. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as especificidades que o brincar adquire na adolescência tendo como chave de leitura os mangás, animês e os jogos decorrentes deles, entendendo-os como práticas pertencentes a uma mesma tribo juvenil, assim como investigar que feições do self adolescente podemos vislumbrar por meio desses jogos. Para isso, este estudo foi organizado a partir da modalidade de pesquisa participante e dialogou especialmente com o referencial teórico winnicottiano a respeito da adolescência e do jogo. Por meio desta investigação foi possível perceber que, no espaço potencial constituído por esses adolescentes, há compartilhamento, comunicação, criação, constituição de relações e um movimento de influência contínua entre diferentes espaços potenciais, o que acaba por extrapolar o limite da própria tribo e influencia a cultura mais ampla da qual ela faz parte. Com isso, é possível perceber ainda que os adolescentes possuem o desejo de ocupar variados espaços e instituições da cidade, para assim abrirem-se a outras realidades que devem ser habitadas ao seu modo. Lutar, escapar e fugir são verbos bastante recorrentes em seus jogos e mostram que neles estão as melhores estratégias para a construção de sua própria morada. Neste momento, o adolescente se vê em um sério combate com a submissão e está constantemente cercado pela pergunta: Que casa querem que eu construa? Acompanhado disso, é também presente no jogo adolescente um elemento muito importante: a esperança. Esperança em poder ser autor, herói e protagonista de sua própria história. Criando, construindo e vestindo outras roupas, pintando seus cabelos, colocando diferentes adereços, o adolescente despede-se da infância e estréia no mundo adulto motivado para escapar à submissão que lhe é imposta

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia Clínica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Clínica e Cultura, 2015. / O presente estudo foi elaborado a partir de questionamentos teórico-clínicos advindos da clínica com uma paciente adulta obesa. É objetivo desta dissertação estabelecer possíveis relações entre a constituição psíquica e a obesidade na vida adulta. Utilizouse o método psicanalítico e a estratégia metodológica de construção de caso clínico a fim de entender as reflexões propostas. O caso clínico construído diz respeito ao atendimento a uma paciente adulta obesa. Primeiramente, é desenvolvida uma contextualização da história da obesidade desde a Idade Antiga até a contemporaneidade a fim de compreender os diferentes olhares ao longo da história sobre o indivíduo obeso. São feitas considerações a respeito do olhar psicanalítico sobre a obesidade e a postura clínica frente ao sujeito obeso. Em seguida, a teoria de Winnicott foi utilizada para compreender o processo de constituição psíquica do bebê em ressonância com as primeiras trocas estabelecidas com o alimento. Foi possível apreender da teoria winnicottiana que o bebê alimenta-se da experiência de encontro com sua mãe-ambiente auxiliando em seu processo de constituição psíquica. Estas teorizações permitiram a compreensão do caso clínico apresentado. A leitura teóricoclínica do estudo de caso aliada à teoria de Winnicott permitiu interpretar a dinâmica psíquica da paciente como um funcionamento falso self e estabelecer relações com a obesidade na vida adulta da paciente. Concluindo, elaborou-se considerações a respeito dos possíveis encontros entre a obesidade na vida adulta e o processo de constituição psíquica e das relações precoces. / This study was based on the theoretical and clinical questions arising from the clinical experience with an obese adult patient. It is the aim of this thesis to establish a possible relation between the psychic constitution and obesity in adulthood. We used the psychoanalytic method and the methodological strategy of a clinical case in order to review the reflections given. This clinical case is based on the therapy of an obese adult woman. First of all, we developed a history of obesity from the Ancient Age to the Contemporary world in order to understand the different perceptions throughout the history of the obese individual. Then, we mande considerations about the psychoanalytical study on obesity and the clinical attitude towards the obese individual. Finally, we used Winnicott's theory to understand the baby’s psychic constitution process in parallel with the first exchanges established with food. We learned from Winnicott's theory that the baby is nourished by the encounter with his mother-environment which then helps with his psychic constitution process. These theories led to the understanding of this clinical case. The theoretical and clinical reading of this case study combined with Winnicott's theory allowed us to interpret the psychological dynamics of the patient’s functioning as false self and establish relationships with the patient’s obesity in adulthood. In conclusion, we established some considerations about the possible links between obesity in adulthood and the process of psychic constitution and early relationships.

• Problemformulering och syfte: Syftet med undersökningen är att ta reda på hur mycket och hur svensk media bevakar nyheterna kring Donald Trump som uppstår genom hans twittrande och hur den ser ut nu jämfört i början av hans presidentskap i dags- och kvällstidningar. • Metod och material Undersökningen är en kvalitativ och kvantitativ innehållsanalys om hur Expressen och Dagens Nyheter har rapporterat om Donald Trumps twittrande sedan han blev president. • Huvudresultat Studiens resultat visar att Dagens Nyheter skriver mer om Donald Trump, men att Expressen har en högre andel artiklar om Donald Trumps twittrande. Det går inte att se någon tydlig förändring över tid utan kurvan går upp och ner under hela perioden. Båda tidningarna gestaltar Donald Trumps twittrande genom saklig skandalgestaltning. Studien visar även att redaktionerna lägger upp artiklarna på olika sätt. Expressen skriver om fler saker i samma artikel medan Dagens Nyheter delar upp det i olika artiklar.

We outline four connections between xenophobia and punitiveness toward criminals in a national sample of Americans. First, among self-identified whites xenophobia is more predictive of punitiveness than specific forms of racial animus. Second, xenophobia and punitiveness are strongly connected among whites, but are only moderately and weakly related among black and Hispanic Americans, respectively. Third, among whites substantial proportions of the variance between sociodemographic, political, and religious predictors of punitiveness are mediated by levels of xenophobia. Finally, xenophobia is the strongest overall predictor of punitiveness among whites. Overall, xenophobia is an essential aspect of understanding public punitiveness, particularly among whites.

Early nineteenth-century Eurocentric perceptions of natural history led to the flora and fauna of Australia being thought of as deficient and inferior compared with those of other lands. By the 1820s, Australia had become known as ???the land of contrarieties???. This, and Eurocentric attitudes to nature in general, influenced the expectations and perceptions of immigrants throughout the century. Yet at the same time there was developing an aesthetic appreciation of the natural history of Australia. This thesis examines the tension between these two perceptions in the popular natural history writing of the nineteenth century, mainly through the writing of five authors ??? George Bennett (1804-1893), Louisa Anne Meredith (1812-1895), Samuel Hannaford (1937-1874), Horace Wheelwright (1815-1865) and Donald Macdonald (1859?-1932). George Bennett was a scientist, who saw Australian plants and animals more as scientific specimens than objects of beauty. Louisa Meredith perceived them in the familiar language of English romantic poetry. Samuel Hannaford used another language, that of popular British natural history writers of the mid-nineteenth century. To Horace Wheelwright, Australian animals were equally valuable to the sportsman???s gun as to the naturalist???s pen. Donald Macdonald was the only one of these major writers to have been born in Australia. Although proud of his British heritage, he rejoiced in the beauty of his native land. His writing demonstrates his joy, and his novel attitude to Australian natural history continued and developed in the present century.

Canadian historians periodically reassess the state of their craft, including their role as conveyors of the past to the Canadian public. With each review since the late 1960s, some Canadian historians have attempted to distance the profession from the work of those scholars labelled national historians. Three of the most prominent of these national historians were Arthur Lower, Donald Creighton, and W.L. Morton, whose work was once popular among both professional historians and the general population. Drawing primarily upon reviews of their monographs, this thesis tracks the changing status of national history within English-Canadian historiography since 1945 by examining how Canadian historians have received the work and assessed the careers of Arthur Lower, Donald Creighton, and W.L. Morton.<p> National history can be broadly defined as the history of a specific nation, more typically, a nation-state. While the specific characteristics of national history have, like other types of history, changed over time, Canadian national history in the decades following the end of the Second World War used strong scholarship and clear, readable prose to communicate a specific vision of Canada to the general public. While Lower, Creighton, and Morton applied differing interpretations to their historical research, they all employed these components of national history within their work. After the Canadian Centennial, a new cohort of baby boomer historians brought a different set of values to their understanding of history, and the interpretations so widely acclaimed during the 1950s and early 1960s failed to persuade this new generation of Canadian historians. The lasting reputation of each of these three national historians has been highly dependent on whether each scholars preferred interpretation aligns with the new values held by the new generation of Canadian historians. While W.L. Mortons western perspective fit in well with the regional concerns of the 1980s, and Arthur Lower retained a reputation as an early innovator of social history, Donald Creightons career has been remembered for the strident opinions of his later life, especially regarding the growth of Quebec nationalism and the increasing influence of the United States within Canadian national affairs. It is Creightons diminished reputation among English Canadian historians that is most commonly linked to the moniker of national history. As the gap between the postwar understanding of Canada and the post-Beatles vision for Canada continued to widen throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the Canadian historical community, on the whole, continued to equate all national history with the reactionary reputation of an aging Donald Creighton. While this simplistic view provides convenient shorthand for the genre of national history, it fails to appreciate both the substantial contributions of national historians to Canadian historiography and the widespread influence of their work on the reading Canadian public.

Donald Davidson cherche à montrer comment le langage est produit et compris. Parti de la conviction que l'on ne peut parler de langage que dans le contexte social d'une « triangulation » qui marque l'interaction mutuelle entre les interlocuteurs et leur interaction avec un environnement qu'ils partagent, il appréhende la signification au sein de la communication. Pour l'expliquer et élaborer une théorie qui en rend compte, il replace le langage dans le contexte global de ce qu'on a pris l'habitude de qualifier de « programme sémantique de Davidson », qui soulève plusieurs questions eu égard essentiellement à la vérité, à l'interprétation et à la nature de la relation qui relie le langage à la pensée et à la réalité. Ce mémoire présente alors le fruit d'un travail tout au long duquel on a retracé élément par élément les composantes de l'environnement philosophique dans lequel Davidson insère son programme sémantique. C'est ainsi qu'on a pu le reconstituer et en donner un aperçu assez complet, à partir duquel l'originalité et l'unité du projet de ce philosophe peuvent être mises en évidence. Ce faisant, on a pu montrer que Davidson offre à la philosophie du langage une nouvelle perspective dans laquelle il conçoit le langage dans l'unité organique qui le rattache, par une relation de survenance mutuelle, autant à la pensée qu'à la réalité, formant ainsi la triade Langage-Pensée-Réalité. Désormais, il est possible de voir comment le fonctionnement du langage, de la signification, de la vérité et de l'interprétation culmine dans et est porté par la structure, le contenu et la dynamique que représente cette Triade. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : langage, signification, vérité, interprétation, interprétation radicale, réalité, pensée, sémantique, triade, ontologie, métaphysique, épistémologie.

Canadian historians periodically reassess the state of their craft, including their role as conveyors of the past to the Canadian public. With each review since the late 1960s, some Canadian historians have attempted to distance the profession from the work of those scholars labelled national historians. Three of the most prominent of these national historians were Arthur Lower, Donald Creighton, and W.L. Morton, whose work was once popular among both professional historians and the general population. Drawing primarily upon reviews of their monographs, this thesis tracks the changing status of national history within English-Canadian historiography since 1945 by examining how Canadian historians have received the work and assessed the careers of Arthur Lower, Donald Creighton, and W.L. Morton.<p> National history can be broadly defined as the history of a specific nation, more typically, a nation-state. While the specific characteristics of national history have, like other types of history, changed over time, Canadian national history in the decades following the end of the Second World War used strong scholarship and clear, readable prose to communicate a specific vision of Canada to the general public. While Lower, Creighton, and Morton applied differing interpretations to their historical research, they all employed these components of national history within their work. After the Canadian Centennial, a new cohort of baby boomer historians brought a different set of values to their understanding of history, and the interpretations so widely acclaimed during the 1950s and early 1960s failed to persuade this new generation of Canadian historians. The lasting reputation of each of these three national historians has been highly dependent on whether each scholars preferred interpretation aligns with the new values held by the new generation of Canadian historians. While W.L. Mortons western perspective fit in well with the regional concerns of the 1980s, and Arthur Lower retained a reputation as an early innovator of social history, Donald Creightons career has been remembered for the strident opinions of his later life, especially regarding the growth of Quebec nationalism and the increasing influence of the United States within Canadian national affairs. It is Creightons diminished reputation among English Canadian historians that is most commonly linked to the moniker of national history. As the gap between the postwar understanding of Canada and the post-Beatles vision for Canada continued to widen throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the Canadian historical community, on the whole, continued to equate all national history with the reactionary reputation of an aging Donald Creighton. While this simplistic view provides convenient shorthand for the genre of national history, it fails to appreciate both the substantial contributions of national historians to Canadian historiography and the widespread influence of their work on the reading Canadian public.

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