Purpose - The purpose of the thesis is to attend to apparent knowledge gaps in digital servitization andecosystem orchestration literature concerning: (1) understanding of the internal role distribution when orchestrating ecosystems in digital servitization; (2) need for increased knowledge on the capabilities required for ecosystem orchestration. To fulfill this purpose, the following objective was derived: how procurement can develop dynamic capabilities to orchestrate ecosystem-organization collaboration in digital servitization. Method - This thesis is built on a qualitative methodology using an inductive approach. Utilizing multi-actorperspectives on a single case study on a leading global manufacturing firm within the vehicle and transport industry. The studied procurement function within the case firm is currently in an early phase of building ecosystem collaborations to support the firm's overall digitalization and servitization journey. More than 40 interviews were conducted spanning across: various roles within the procurement function, various roles across other functions within the case firm tied to the procurement function, as well as other external actor's viewpoints. The interviews were analyzed through a thematic analysis approach. Findings - By building on the well-established dynamic capabilities perspective as a theoretical lens, the findings of this thesis reveal nine sets of capabilities within the respective clusters sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring. In addition, four groups of underlying preconditions, referred to as enablers, were identified. We combine these insights into a framework underscoring the need for both capability development but also supporting enablers for successful development and utilization of said capabilities. The framework thus summarizes our key findings whilst illustrating interdependencies between the identified capabilities and enablers, showcasing that procurement must both develop routines and leverage the enablers, to successfully transition into a role in which they orchestrate ecosystem-organization collaboration. Implications - Through empirically explicating key capabilities, enablers and their interdependence, our thesis provides broad implications for management and strategy research relating to dynamic capabilities for orchestrating ecosystems in digital servitization. Furthermore, we also contribute to the scarce literature on procurement tied to these research streams. Additionally, our findings carry implications for procurement managers guiding them in how to strategically adjust to the continuously transformative industry landscape shaped by the trends digitalization, servitization and their interplay. This through rethinking the role of procurement as an orchestrator for innovation and value co-creation within the organization as well asassociated ecosystems, as well as paving the path for transitioning into such a role. Limitations and future research - This thesis is generally bound to a single case study within a set industry segment, at an early phase of rethinking procurement and ecosystem collaborations. Further research is suggested to validate our findings through larger datasets, other study methodologies and expand into other contexts. For instance, focusing on cross-industry comparisons or analyzing procurement's role and capability needs depending on the different stages of ecosystem evolution. To drive a truly dynamic firm, we further suggest investigating what role different internal functions (e.g., sales, engineering, IT) with benefit can undertake in the ecosystem depending on varying ecosystem actors, structure and maturity.

[pt] Este estudo aborda o caso da startup Esporte e Saúde, analisando sua trajetória desde sua criação até o presente. A empresa opera como uma plataforma tecnológica que conecta indivíduos ao mundo do esporte, saúde e bem-estar. O setor de esporte, saúde e bem-estar é notoriamente volátil devido às rápidas inovações tecnológicas, o que exige constante reconfiguração estratégica, tecnológica e de serviços para se manter competitivo. Mesmo em meio a um ambiente desafiador, a startup foi capaz de prosperar e manter seu desempenho, inclusive durante uma crise pandêmica global. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa, este estudo de caso concentra-se na liderança empreendedora da sócia fundadora da Esporte e Saúde, buscando compreender como suas ações e decisões contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de capacidades dinâmicas na empresa, a partir da perspectiva de diversas partes interessadas, como clientes, parceiros, colaboradores, investidores e a própria líder. A análise da Esporte e Saúde empregou a triangulação de dados, e envolveu a utilização de diversas fontes e métodos para examinar a liderança empreendedora e a geração de capacidades dinâmicas na organização. Isso incluiu a coleta de dados por meio de documentos internos da startup, entrevistas com vários stakeholders, questionários direcionados a clientes e parceiros, bem como a observação participante. A análise dos dados envolveu a comparação cruzada de informações para identificar padrões e relações subjacentes. A triangulação de dados contribuiu para a confiabilidade e validade das conclusões, proporcionando uma visão aprofundada da liderança empreendedora e das capacidades dinâmicas da Esporte e Saúde. / [en] This study addresses the case of the startup Esporte e Saúde, analyzing its trajectory from its creation to the present. The company operates as a technology platform that connects individuals to the world of sport, health, and wellness. The sports, health, and well-being sector is notoriously volatile due to rapid technological innovations, which requires constant strategic, technological and service reconfiguration to remain competitive. Even amid a challenging environment, the startup was able to thrive and maintain its performance, even during a global pandemic crisis. Using a qualitative approach, this case study focuses on the entrepreneurial leadership of the founding partner of Esporte e Saúde, seeking to understand how her actions and decisions contributed to the development of dynamic capabilities in the company, based on the perspective of various stakeholders, such as customers, partners, employees, investors, and the leader herself. The analysis of Esporte e Saúde employed data triangulation and involved the use of diverse sources and methods to examine entrepreneurial leadership and the generation of dynamic capabilities in the organization. This included data collection through internal documents of the startup, interviews with various stakeholders, questionnaires aimed at customers and partners, as well as participant observation. Data analysis involved cross-comparing information to identify underlying patterns and relationships. Data triangulation contributed to the reliability and validity of the conclusions, providing an in-depth view of the entrepreneurial leadership and dynamic capabilities of Esporte e Saúde.

Today there is an ongoing world crisis COVID-19, which has affected our daily lives related to health, survival, economy, work and so on. Much of our daily life is now moved online, for example work, which is possible because of the digitization. For work forces to handle COVID-19, crisis management is crucial. Crisis management is not only relevant for today's situation, but also for future crises. A crisis is something that has happened, is happening and will happen, which means crisis management is needed for all enterprises to be prepared for future crises in the best possible way.  The purpose and focus of this study are on crisis management for non-digital and born-digital companies. The investigation for the thesis is what ordinary- and dynamic capabilities are for non-digital and born-digital companies. Due to these capabilities, there was an interest in knowing which company would handle a dramatic social change crisis the best. To be able to answer the purpose of this study, the method that was used was a qualitative study with a deductive and exploratory approach. There were two case studies conducted, more specifically two in-depth interviews.  The main findings from this study were that both a non-digital and a born-digital company have ordinary and dynamic capabilities. The core finding from the case studies stated that for neither company the DSC was dramatic due to the current COVID-19 pandemic. Another finding was that DSC is only in a crisis when the core business model is threatened. For the non-digital company, its core business was unaffected, agile, resilient and able to transform rapidly. The last main finding was that the role of digital, means easier adaptation to this particular crisis (COVID-19) which demanded digitization for firm survival. Not to forget, more research is needed to fulfil the purpose of this thesis. / Det är en pågående världskris med COVID-19, som har påverkat våra dagliga liv relaterat till hälsa, överlevnad, ekonomi, arbete och så vidare. Det är mycket i vårt dagliga liv som har flyttats online, exempelvis arbete, som är möjligt på grund av digitalisering. För att arbetarna ska kunna hantera pandemin, är krishantering avgörande. Krishantering är inte bara relevant i dagens situation, även för framtida kriser. En kris är något som har hänt, händer och kommer hända, vilket betyder för företaget att vara beredda i bästa möjliga mån för framtida kriser, är krishantering nödvändigt.  Syftet och fokuset på denna studie var på krishantering för icke-digitala och digitala företag. Forskningen på detta arbete handlade om vad ordinära- och dynamiska kapaciteter är för icke-digitala och digitala företag. Därför på grund av dessa två kapaciteter, fanns det ett intresse över vilket företag som skulle hantera bäst en dramatisk social kris. För att kunna svara på syftet i denna studie, användes en kvalitativ studie med en deduktiv och explorativt tillvägagångssätt. Även två fallstudier blev utförda, som var mer av djupgående intervjuer.  De viktigaste upptäckterna från denna studie är att både icke-digital och digitala företag har ordinära- och dynamiska kapaciteter. Den främsta upptäckten från fallstudierna var att varken av företagen hade en dramatisk social kris relaterad till COVID-19 pandemin. En annan upptäckt var att en dramatisk social kris är bara en kris om kärnverksamheten modellen är hotad. För det icke-digitala företag var kärnverksamheten opåverkad, uthållig och hade en förmåga att snabbt omvandla verksamheten. Den sista upptäckten var att rollen för digital, att med en snabb anpassning till en specifik kris (COVID-19) krävdes digitalisering för ett företags överlevnad. Inte att glömma, mer forskning behövs för att uppfylla syftet på detta arbete.

Denna studie är skriven på svenska. För att bedriva en framgångsrik verksamhet måste organisationer balansera flera saker samtidigt. God tillväxt och hög lönsamhet kombinerat med ett gediget hållbarhetsarbete och välmående medarbetare, är ett axplock av saker organisationer måste hantera på en daglig basis. Kunderna blir allt mer medvetna om vad de konsumerar, vilket kräver att ens verksamhet sticker ut. Modebranschen är en industri som är i ständig utveckling. Med en bransch vid omsättning på flera miljarder dollar årligen är modebranschen en av de mest utvecklande branscherna som ständigt förnyar sig. Denna studiens syfte är att ge ny insyn på forskning om hur organisationer jobbar med sina dynamiska kapabiliteter vid en rebranding, där studien delats upp i tre faser: sensing, seizing och reconfiguring. I denna studie har författarna studerat hur ett modeföretag jobbar med sina dynamiska kapabiliteter i en rebranding av sina varumärken. Studien är kvalitativ, där semistrukturerade intervjuer tagit plats. Den insamlade datan har kompletterats med kvantifierad data från enkäter samt finansiella siffror som förklarat effekterna av rebrandingen. Den empiriska datan har visat på en positiv effekt av rebrandingen sedan lanseringen. Försäljningen har ökat med 47 procent, EBIT har mer än fördubblats och EBITDA en ökning med 60 procent. Studien har visat på att organisationer som regelbundet jobbar med sina dynamiska kapabiliteter vid en rebranding har gett positiv effekt. Det studerade företaget har fått större spridning på de digitala kanalerna och knutit till sig nya kunder, samt nått ut till en bredare målgrupp. I framtiden kan denna studie förökas genom att jämföra företag i samma bransch mellan varandra, eller studera effekterna över tid. Teorin kan tillämpas på fler branscher. / Ang more aware of what they are consuming, which puts pressure on the companies to stand out from the crowd. The fashion industry is in a never ending development. With an industry wide yearly revenue of billions of dollars, the fashion industry is among the most developed and still developing industries to this day. The purpose of this paper is to shed new light to how organizations are using their dynamic capabilities in a rebranding fase, where this study is divided into three stages of the dynamic capabilities: sensing, seizing and reconfiguring. For this research, the authors have researched fashion company’s dynamic capabilities in their rebranding of their brands. A qualitative research, based on semi-structured interviews - with complete quantified data from surveys and financial statements that has explained the effect of the rebranding. The data has shown that the researched company in this research has gotten a positive result since their launch of the rebranding. Sales have gone up by 47 percent, EBIT more than doubled and EBITDA has gone up 60 percent. This research has proven that an organization that continuously works on their dynamic capabilities in a rebranding has gotten good results from it. The company in this research has increased the traffic on digital platforms and as a result reached out to new consumers, and broadened their target audience. This theory can be applied for further research, by comparing companies within the same industry, or by extending the research period. The theory can be applied to different industries

Digitalization is transforming business operations and forcing organizations to formulate strategic responses. Changing environments, emerging technology, and disruptive competitors forces industries to embark on the digital era and digitalize. An industry identified as lagging in internal digitalization is the private equity sector. Private equity firms operate in a traditional industry with established business processes and core competencies far from digitalization. The purpose of this study is to identify dynamic capabilities for digitalization efforts in transactional processes. The literature review resulted in a dynamic capabilities framework applicable for transactional processes in general and later studied in the context of the investment process in the Nordic private equity industry. Trans-disciplinary research was conducted by combining theories of business process management, digitalization, and dynamic capabilities. The study derived from the belief that organization’s dynamic capabilities are interconnected to digitalization. An exploratory approach and qualitative methods was used to collect data and gain deeper insight about the investment process and its challenges in terms of digitalization. The findings resulted in a revised framework containing twelve dynamic capabilities, essential for driving digitalization in the investment process. To leverage the full potential of digitalization, organizations need to possess dynamic capabilities within digital strategy, culture and people, and business processes and structure. The study concludes that all interviewed firms deploy dynamic capabilities for streamlining the investment process. However, by understanding and seeking to digitalize, additional outcomes may be achieved such as increased competitive advantage, employee motivation and organizational growth. / Digitalisering transformerar affärsverksamheter och kräver ofta strategisk omorganisering. Föränderliga miljöer, ny teknik och ökad konkurrens resulterar i digitalisering av industrier. Private equity sektorn har identifierats som en bransch med stor digitaliseringspotential och en avsaknad av intern digitalisering. Private equity företag är verksamma i en traditionell bransch med etablerade affärsprocesser och avsaknad av kärnkompetenser inom digitalisering. Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera dynamiska förmågor för digitalisering i processer bestående av informationsflöden. Den genomförda litteraturstudien resulterade i ett ramverk med dynamiska förmågor, lämpliga för digitalisering av informationsprocesser. Ramverket har sedan applicerats på investeringsprocessen i private equity företag som är verksamma i den nordiska marknaden för att identifiera branschspecifika förmågor. Tvärvetenskaplig forskning genomfördes i syfte att kombinera teorier om business processmanagement, digitalisering och dynamiska förmågor. Studien grundar sig i tron att organisationers dynamiska förmågor är starkt sammankopplade med digitalisering. Kvalitativa metoder användes för datainsamling och för att få en djupare insikt i investeringsprocessen och dess utmaningar. När det gäller digitalisering tillämpades också ett utforskande tillvägagångssätt. Forskningen resulterade i ett reviderat ramverk som består av tolv dynamiska förmågor som visat sig vara nödvändiga för att driva digitalisering i investeringsprocessen. För att uppnå digitaliseringens fulla potential måste organisationer besitta dynamiska förmågor inom digital strategi, organisationskultur samt affärsprocesser och struktur. Studien visar att alla intervjuade företag använder dynamiska förmågor för att effektivisera investeringsporcessen. Vidare kan en fortsatt lyckad digitalisering leda till ytterligare resultat, såsom ökad konkurrenskraft, förbättrade motivation hos de anställda och organisatorisk tillväxt.

Yes / Background: The efficacy of medicines depends on their accessibility and availability. Dedicated medicine shortage reporting systems (MSRS) have been set up in different countries, either mandatory or voluntary, following the recommendations of the World Health Organisation to ensure these. Objectives: To explore how the Medicine Shortages Reporting System (MSRS) can tackle medicine shortages through improved access and sustainability. Methods: Personnel directly involved in the reporting mechanisms for medicine shortages in eight (8) countries participated in semi-structured interviews. An interview protocol based on the Dynamic Capabilities View and Organisational Information Processing Theory (OIPT) was developed. It contained questions related to participant's views on the process involved in MSRS and how it was used to tackle shortages. Data were thematically analysed. Results: Three core elements were identified to influence MSRS's ability to tackle shortages and ensure sustainability; (1) the ability to identify what information requirements the reporting system needs, (2) identify information processing capabilities, and (3) the ability to match requirements and information processing capabilities through a dynamic capability decision-making process. The dynamic decision-making process involves reiteratively sensing shortages by understanding and validating information received. Conclusion: Building MSRS to tackle shortages for accessibility and sustainability is a systemic process that entails understanding the various elements and processes of MSRS. It includes defining medicine shortages, reconfiguring resources, defining accessibility and ensuring the system's sustainability. Our study provides insights into MSRS developed for mitigating medicine shortages and provides a framework for a sustainable MSRS. The findings extend the literature on medicine shortage management by identifying the various elements required to set up an MSRS. It also provides practical implications for countries that seek to establish MSRS to mitigate medicine shortages. Further studies could extend the number of participating countries to provide a clearer picture of the MSRS and how it can reduce medicine shortages. / This research is supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Yorkshire and Humber Patient Safety Research Collaboration (NIHR Yorkshire and Humber PSRC). Grant number - NIHR204293.

In B2B organizations, the adoption of digital marketing strategies has increased, leading to the collection of large amounts of data, big data. This has enabled the use of big data analytics, BDA, to uncover valuable insights for digital marketing purpose. Yet, there is limited research on how the B2B organizations integrate and utilize BDA in their digital marketing strategies, especially in the international context. This study aimed to address this research gap by examining how international B2B organizations integrate and utilize BDA in their digital marketing strategy, employing a dynamic capabilities perspective. The methodology of qualitative case study was applied, focusing on two established Swedish B2B organizations with an international presence. Empirical data was collected through semi-structured interviews and complemented with document analysis. Through abductive approach and hermeneutic interpretation, the findings show that despite the need for internal structural improvements, international B2B organizations are actively integrating BDA into their digital marketing strategies. By developing new routines and skills, these organizations can navigate the challenges posed by BDA while harnessing its benefits. Additionally, a framework comprising 10 practices in which international B2B organizations leverage BDA is proposed.

At present, service-oriented organizations must confront growing challenges and competition due to the rapid pace of digital transformation and a shortage of skilled workers, catalyzed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This publication-based dissertation project covers research on the antecedents of service innovation as dy-namic capabilities with the aim of enhancing competitive advantage, given the current business dynamics. The first section of this dissertation introduces service innovation as a dynamic capability, emphasizes the need for antecedents of service innovation, and summarizes the four research papers that make up this dis-sertation. The second section presents a qualitative research paper employing a grounded theory approach. Digital leadership-related capabilities are conceptualized and the impact on dynamic service innovation ca-pabilities in digital transformation contexts is derived using an inductive framework. The third section is a mixed-method research paper that qualitatively conceptualizes innovative new work practices in service or-ganizations and quantitatively assesses their effects on workplace attractiveness for employees. The fourth section presents a multi-method exploratory research paper that identifies digital leadership capabilities us-ing expert interviews and measures the influence of these capabilities on service innovation performance. The research paper in the fifth section uses a structural equation model as a methodological frame. It iden-tifies employee-perceived service innovations and validates customer expectations within the context of po-litical behavior. The sixth section concludes the dissertation project, summarizing the theoretical and prac-tical contribution, describing limitations, and outlining further ideas for research.

This publication-based dissertation, comprising four unique research papers published in peer-reviewed journals, contributes to innovation management theory and explores how organizations can maximize the value of innovations in the new digital normal. It draws insights from 31 cases, 86 semi-structured interviews, and 804 survey participants (excluding pilot studies), employing a diverse range of qualita-tive and quantitative methodologies. The dissertation investigates how organizations can create and cap-ture value from innovations, focusing on contingent and contextual dimensions, capabilities, and leader-ship styles. As a result, it makes four key theoretical contributions. First, it proposes that innovation performance is equifinal but contingent on the configurational approach for each organization (e.g., combinatorial recipe). Alignment between innovation approaches and performance strategies is essen-tial to gain a competitive advantage. Second, it underscores the vital role of middle managers as the crucial link between top management and employees. This middle-up-down management approach combines distinct leadership and communication capabilities to integrate innovations (e.g., innovative work behaviors, digital technologies) into daily working routines, thus facilitating innovation routiniza-tion (e.g., effective innovation implementation). Third, organizations that possess adequate higher-order business model and process efficiency dynamic capabilities evaluate various dimensions (e.g., value, individual, technological, organizational) in their internal and external contextual periphery to deter-mine their action potential. This enables them to assess, reconfigure, and integrate value creation oppor-tunities into their operational capabilities (e.g., business model, processes), leading to improved per-formance when digitally transforming. Fourth, this dissertation conceptualizes the multidimensional (e.g., individual, team, organizational) digital leadership phenomenon, grounding it in the domain of (strategic) leadership theories. Digital leaders constantly oscillate between leading themselves and oth-ers and leading their organizations to create innovative work environments that foster performance. The combined findings of the dissertation call for novel market approaches and adjusted forms of leadership for organizations to thrive in the new digital business landscape. Avenues for further research to enrich the current academic discourse are also presented. If organizations are to enhance their performance (e.g., increase the likelihood of capturing value from their innovations, or deriving a competitive ad-vantage), understanding the underlying mechanisms outlined in this dissertation should help organiza-tions in this endeavor.

The evolution of sustainability reporting demands increased transparency and scope. A pivotal aspect of this process is the determination of materiality for disclosure. The European Union, through its latest enactment, the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS), has refined the interpretation of materiality criteria. This regulatory development motivates this study, which aims to explore the implications of the double materiality assessment (DMA). Specifically, investigating how the DMA is strategically utilized and if the generated output could lead to change in companies’ governance, operations, and practices.  To investigate this, the study examines eight Swedish companies across various industries, among the early adopters of ESRS. These companies serve as the focal point of the case study, utilizing a qualitative research approach where insights are derived from semi-structured interviews with key representatives of these firms. A conceptual framework, drawing from dynamic capabilities and institutional theory, help identifying patterns and themes related to dynamic skills and isomorphic tendencies.  The study reveals how the DMA shapes companies’ sustainability focus and operations. It enhances internal and external discussions, promotes sustainability awareness among colleagues, and facilitates knowledge sharing. The DMA emphasizes supplier transparency, fosters stakeholder engagement, and influences sustainability strategies, leading to organizational restructuring. Additionally, the study highlights the reliance on external consultants for DMA execution, reflecting resource constraints or regulatory complexity. Professional audits expedite compliance efforts but raise concerns about internal resource adequacy for sustainability reporting practices amidst new disclosure mandates.