Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-06T16:17:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Henrique de Assis_.pdf: 840472 bytes, checksum: 9a874dc8fd9a7aec5e4141ef457499ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T16:17:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Henrique de Assis_.pdf: 840472 bytes, checksum: 9a874dc8fd9a7aec5e4141ef457499ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-13 / Nenhuma / Cada vez mais, as empresas multinacionais de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) têm requerido a participação de seus departamentos jurídicos em suas tomadas de decisão. Acontece que as inovações tecnológicas promovidas por elas acarretam em inúmeros desafios, com destaque para aqueles de natureza jurídica, uma vez que o Direito, por suas especificidades, é incapaz de acompanhá-las. Tal incapacidade é particularmente verificada nos países emergentes; isso porque eles não são, em regra, aptos a promover a estabilidade de suas instituições, incluindo os seus sistemas jurídicos. As referidas organizações, então, conferem aos seus departamentos jurídicos o papel de conduzi-las por meio do emaranhado de indeterminações que daí decorre, donde a importância deles para o seu desempenho (eficácia). Dada essa quebra de paradigma do papel corporativo dos departamentos jurídicos - que passaram a ser, pois, constantemente demandados a abdicar de sua vocação consultiva para se tornarem também propositivos - bem como as peculiaridades da TI, torna-se importante a identificação de qual seja a capacidade dinâmica essencial para que eles atinjam o seu objetivo: gerar vantagens competitivas para as empresas nas quais inseridos. / Multinational Information Technology (IT) companies are requiring more and more the participation of its legal departments on its decision-taking process. It happens that the technological innovations promoted by them leads to several challenges, especially legal ones, considering that Law, due to its specificities, is not able to keep up with them. This inability is particularly verifiable in emergent countries; this is because they are not, as a rule, able to promote the stability of its institutions, including the legal systems. Those organizations then trust their legal departments to lead them through the maze of uncertainties that comes from this,= and that is the reason why they are so important to its performance (effectiveness). Due to this paradigm break of the corporate role of legal departments - that became constantly demanded to abdicate its consultive aptitude to be propositive too - as well as the IT peculiarities, it is important to identify what dynamic capability is essential for them to achieve its main goal: create competitive advantages to the companies they are part of.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-20T14:14:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudio Testoni Cardozo_.pdf: 4021041 bytes, checksum: fde25db231a8129b09da005e745e691a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T14:14:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudio Testoni Cardozo_.pdf: 4021041 bytes, checksum: fde25db231a8129b09da005e745e691a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-19 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação trata da capacidade de adaptação das empresas de Tecnologia da Informação a ambientes turbulentos, seja devido a situações de crise política e financeira, ou mesmo pela característica peculiar do mercado tecnológico em permanente mudança e evolução através de inovações cada vez mais constantes. Essa habilidade de mudar rapidamente em meio a um ambiente incerto é aprofundada pelas capacidades dinâmicas da firma. Empresas de Tecnologia da Informação são reconhecidas pela literatura como intensivas em conhecimento, onde a capacidade absortiva se revela como mecanismo impulsionador de inovação e desempenho. Visando um aprofundamento desse tema, esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal a avaliação da relação entre a capacidade absortiva e o desempenho organizacional em empresas de TI. Para tanto, um modelo teórico contendo as hipóteses que relacionam os referidos constructos foi elaborado e submetido à análise através da técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados dessa análise foram submetidos a um painel de experts que analisou as hipóteses suportadas pelo modelo e contribuiu com discursos que revelaram um conjunto de competências e mecanismos que explicam como a capacidade absortiva é operacionalizada nas organizações. O resultado final demonstrou não somente como ocorre a relação entre os elementos da capacidade absortiva (aquisição, assimilação, transformação e exploração) e os elementos do desempenho como também apresentou a relação deste modelo em outros aspectos revelados: (i) Competitividade; (ii) Estratégia; (iii) Networking; (iv) Ambiente econômico e político; (v) Aprendizagem organizacional; e (vi) Clima organizacional. Os resultados também sugerem a realização de futuras pesquisas longitudinais para análise e comparação em diferentes momentos. / This master’s thesis refers to the adaptability of information technology companies to turbulent environments, whether due to political and financial crisis, or even by the peculiar characteristic of an environment in constant change and increasingly innovations. This ability to change quickly amid an uncertain environment is deepened by the firm's dynamic capabilities. Information technology companies are recognized by the literature as knowledge intensive business, where the absorptive capacity is revealed as a mechanism that fosters innovation and performance. Seeking a better comprehension of this theme, this research evaluates the relationship between absorptive capacity’s elements and organizational performance’s elements in IT companies. For this purpose, a theoretical model, which included hypotheses relating those relationships, was created and submitted through the application of the technique of structural equation modeling. The results of this analysis were submitted to an expert’s panel who analyzed the model’s supported hypotheses and contributed with discourses that revealed a set of competencies and mechanisms that explain how the absorptive capacity is operationalized in those organizations. The final result showed not only the relationship between the elements of the absorptive capacity (acquisition, assimilation, transformation and exploration) with the performance but also the relationships between this model in other revealed aspects: (i) Competitiveness; (ii) Strategy; (iii) Networking; (iv) Economic and political environment; (v) Organizational learning; and (vi) Organizational climate. The results also suggest the realization of future longitudinal researches for analysis and comparison at different moments.

Submitted by Patrícia Valim Labres de Freitas (patricial) on 2016-03-30T17:46:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscila Pagliarini Sartori_.pdf: 2997914 bytes, checksum: cfddb4abee1fd8021eb803dfebc8085d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-30T17:46:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Priscila Pagliarini Sartori_.pdf: 2997914 bytes, checksum: cfddb4abee1fd8021eb803dfebc8085d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-07 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROSUP - Programa de Suporte à Pós-Gradução de Instituições de Ensino Particulares / A análise do comportamento das empresas no cenário competitivo atual destaca os temas da internacionalização e da inovação como determinantes tanto das estratégias adotadas quanto do desempenho alcançado (RIBEIRO et al., 2010). O objetivo geral deste estudo concentrou-se em compreender como se relacionam a inovação e a internacionalização em empresas da Indústria Brasileira de Software e Serviços de TI (IBSS). A proposta de investigação partiu da necessidade de uma compreensão inicial sobre a dinâmica do setor de TI e da IBSS, assim apresentou-se uma caracterização do setor, da indústria e das empresas observadas na pesquisa. São apresentadas ainda características do processo de inovação e da internacionalização destas empresas. A partir da revisão teórica sobre inovação e internacionalização foram identificados indícios sobre como se relacionam a inovação e a internacionalização, os quais foram verificados empiricamente na trajetória das quatro empresas participantes da pesquisa, por meio de um estudo de caso múltiplo. A análise sobre a relação entre inovação e internacionalização em empresas da IBSS foi embasada em informações obtidas através de dados secundários e de entrevistas em profundidade, em uma abordagem qualitativa. Observou-se nos casos analisados que a inovação ocorre de forma essencialmente incremental, com foco no core business e apoiado fortemente nos recursos humanos. A inovação mostrou-se neste contexto como um elemento central para a manutenção da competitividade, tanto no mercado doméstico quanto internacional. A internacionalização apresentou-se como uma alternativa de expansão de negócios, porém frente ao cenário econômico atual passou a compor a estratégia das empresas. Para a análise de aspectos relacionados à competitividade das empresas foi empregada a perspectiva das capacidades dinâmicas (TEECE et al., 1997; TEECE, 2007), permitindo a identificação de indícios quanto à sua capacidade de adaptação ao ambiente de rápidas mudanças e a interação com o ecossistema do setor de TI no âmbito global, para identificação e exploração de novas oportunidades. De forma geral, foi evidenciada uma interação positiva entre inovação e internacionalização no contexto das empresas analisadas, impactando no desempenho, no crescimento e em novas oportunidades de negócios. / The analysis of the behavior of companies in the current competitive scenario highlights the themes of internationalization and innovation as determinants of both the strategies adopted and the performance achieved (RIBEIRO et al., 2010). The objective of this study focuses on the comprehension of the relation between the innovation and internationalization in Brazilian Software Industry and IT Services (IBSS) companies. The research proposal began from the need of an initial understanding of the dynamics of the IT industry and IBSS thus presented a characterization of the sector, industry and business observed in the survey. Characteristics of the innovation process and the internationalization of companies participating in the research are presented as well. Evidences were identified based on the literature review of innovation and internationalization, which were verified empirically, through a multiple case study on how they relate to innovation and internationalization in the background of the four companies analyzed. The analysis of the relationship between innovation and internationalization of companies of this industry was based on information obtained through secondary data and in-depth interviews in a qualitative approach. It was observed in the analyzed cases that innovation is essentially incrementally, focusing on core business, and as an endogenous process, strongly based on human resources. The innovation showed up here as a central element in maintaining competitiveness in both domestic and international markets. The internationalization showed up as a business expansion alternative, but face to the current economic environment it became a part of the strategy of companies. To analyze aspects related to the competitiveness of the companies it was used the perspective of dynamic capabilities (TEECE et al., 1997; TEECE, 2007), allowing the identification of evidences to its ability to adapt to the quick changing environment and the interaction with the ecosystem of the IT industry at the global level to identify and explore new opportunities. Overall, a positive interaction was observed between innovation and internationalization in the context of the analyzed companies, impacting on performance, growth and new business opportunities.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrea Alonso Rivas Varela.pdf: 688008 bytes, checksum: 2078a205f75c3ba41250a02e3f9af3c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-19 / The services sector growth since the 1980s led to the increase in research in services innovation, a field less explored before or considered under a technology assimilation perspective (COOMBS; MILES, 2000). Currently, the understanding is that the services sector does innovate and includes indeed knowledge intensive segments such as Information Technology. This segment is responsible for the diffusion of knowledge and innovation to the whole economy (OCDE, 2006; KEMPPILÄ; METTÄNEN, 2004; KUUSISTO; MEYER, 2002; TETHER; HIPP, 2002; DRUCKER, 1993). Such companies that thrive in highly dynamic environments are required to constantly renew their competences (TEECE et al., 1997; EISENHARDT; MARTIN, 2000). This capabilitiy to create, extend or modify the resource base of the firm (HELFAT et al., 2007, p. 4) or to transform itself is called dynamic capability (TEECE et al., 1997; EISENHARDT; MARTIN, 2000). This research aimed to extend the discussions related to services innovation drawing upon this theory. It investigated the role of reconfigurability and its enabling processes in the performance of the software and information technology services in Brazil. The enabling processes analyzed included the constructs of sensing the environment, learning, coordination, resources integration and innovation (PAVLOU; SAWY, 2005; ARÓSTEGUI, 2009). To achieve this objective, a quantitative survey method was chosen. Multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between the Dynamic Capabilities enabling processes and the financial performance. The results have shown a positive relationship between the innovation dimension and the growth of the firm. Additionally, a positive relationship between the sensing dimension and innovation was identified. Thus, firms that possess a higher market orientation, that better detect changes in the environment and react accordingly are expected to be more successful in innovating with direct impact in their performance in terms of growth / O crescimento do setor de serviços a partir da década de 1980 levou ao aumento das pesquisas sobre a inovação no setor, anteriormente pouco considerado ou apenas analisado sob uma perspectiva de assimilação de tecnologias (COOMBS; MILES, 2000). Atualmente, entende-se que o setor de serviços inova e abriga segmentos intensivos em conhecimento como as empresas de Tecnologias de Informação, que são difusoras de conhecimento e inovação para toda a economia (OCDE, 2006; KEMPPILÄ; METTÄNEN, 2004; KUUSISTO; MEYER, 2002; TETHER; HIPP, 2002; DRUCKER, 1993). Essas empresas operam em ambientes altamente dinâmicos que requerem uma constante renovação de suas competências (TEECE et al., 1997; EISENHARDT; MARTIN, 2000). Essa capacidade de criar, extender ou modificar sua base de recursos (HELFAT et al., 2007, p. 4) ou de renovação é chamada de capacidade dinâmica (TEECE et al., 1997; EISENHARDT; MARTIN, 2000). Esta pesquisa buscou ampliar as discussões relativas à inovação no setor de serviços incorporando essa perspectiva. Buscou-se investigar o papel da reconfigurabilidade e seus processos viabilizadores no desempenho do setor de software e serviços em tecnologia de informação no Brasil. Os processos viabilizadores analisados incorporaram os construtos de monitoramento do ambiente, aprendizagem, coordenação, integração de recursos e inovação (PAVLOU; SAWY, 2005; ARÓSTEGUI, 2009). Para atender a esse objetivo foi escolhido o método da pesquisa quantitativa utilizando survey. Foram realizadas análises de regressão múltipla buscando avaliar as relações entre os processos viabilizadores das Capacidades Dinâmicas e o desempenho financeiro. Os resultados demonstraram uma relação positiva entre a dimensão de inovação e o crescimento da empresa. Verificou-se uma relação positiva entre a dimensão de monitoramento do ambiente e inovação. Assim, empresas que apresentam maior orientação a mercado, que melhor detectam mudanças no ambiente e que são capazes de responder a essas mudanças, são melhor sucedidas em inovar, com impacto direto sobre seu desempenho na forma de crescimento

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiana Vieira da Costa.pdf: 1490415 bytes, checksum: 1d5d8c0f16fa83e287f1d87b51826d86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Through the analysis of securities brokers in the highly turbulent Brazilian Market, the dissertation aimed to identify and analyze dynamic capability elements and evidences in processes and routines of innovation. The literature on dynamic capabilities is still inconclusive and controversial, especially with regard to the understanding of how companies develop this kind of capability. In this sense this work is a contribution to the discussion of the processes involved in the development of dynamic capability. The method used in the research has a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, which involved the use of a semi-structured questionnaire. There were nine interviews with executives from firms with diversified ages: some founded in the 1930s, others in the 1960s, another group from 1990s, along with some that have less than 5 years in the market. On top of those interviews, additional documents have complemented the data set. The technique used for data analysis was content analysis, according to interpretative analysis of Gil Flores (1994). Three meta-categories were analyzed: environment dynamics, dynamic capability evidence, and processes and routines of innovation. The former category is related to research s first specific aim, which was the identification of the environment dynamics and the factors that explain this dynamism, such as technological and other relevant resources, threats and opportunities, adaptation to environmental changes. The meta-category that follows is related to research s second specific aim, which was the analysis of dynamic capability evidences in accordance with technological resources used, new business segments, innovation practice, and opportunities for innovation. The latter meta-category is related to research s third specific objective, which was to identify and analyze the elements of processes and routines that search for innovation. For this aim, six categories were identified: frequency of new processes, organization s memory, operating routine changes, implementation of innovation, organizational structure and innovation, and motivation for innovation. The research has found that the development of dynamic capabilities in securities brokerage depends on how they respond to environmental changes, how they make investments in technology, and also which routines are implemented for innovation and implementation of their products and services. Despite acting in the same market, differences in the business management were identified among them, so it was possible divide the brokers into three distinct groups: i) brokers who present the development of dynamic capability, have well-defined strategies, are pro-active, and continuously invest in technology and innovation of products and services, ii) firms in which managers are already reflecting on their actions and strategies in order to develop dynamic capability that can cope with changes in the environment; and iii) firms that are lagging behind, a bit far in dynamic capability development. / Esta dissertação visou, através da análise das corretoras de valores mobiliários no mercado brasileiro, inseridas em um ambiente altamente turbulento, identificar e analisar os indícios e os elementos de capacidade dinâmica por meio de processos e rotinas de busca e inovação. A literatura acerca de capacidade dinâmica ainda é inconclusiva e controversa, principalmente no que se refere à compreensão de como as empresas desenvolvem essa capacidade. Nesse sentido, este trabalho é uma contribuição à discussão a respeito dos processos envolvidos no desenvolvimento da capacidade dinâmica. O método empregado na pesquisa seguiu uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, o que envolveu a preparação de roteiro semiestruturado. Foram realizadas nove entrevistas com executivos de corretoras fundadas em diferentes épocas, algumas na década de 1930, 1960, 1990 e outras com menos de 5 anos de mercado. Além das entrevistas, foram utilizados registros documentais. A técnica adotada para análise dos dados foi a análise de conteúdo, segundo análise interpretativa de Gil Flores (1994). Foram analisadas as seguintes metacategorias: dinamismo do ambiente, indícios de capacidade dinâmica e processos e rotinas de busca e inovação. A primeira metacategoria está relacionada ao primeiro objetivo específico, que consistiu em identificar o dinamismo do ambiente e os fatores que explicam esse dinamismo, como recursos tecnológicos, relevância de outros recursos, ameaças e oportunidades, e adequação às mudanças no ambiente. A segunda metacategoria está relacionada ao segundo objetivo específico, que consistiu em analisar os indícios de capacidade dinâmica de acordo com os seguintes aspectos: recursos tecnológicos utilizados, busca de novos segmentos de atuação, prática de inovar e oportunidades de inovação. A terceira e última metacategoria está relacionada ao terceiro objetivo específico, que consistiu em identificar e analisar os elementos de processos e rotinas de busca e inovação. Nesse objetivo, as categorias identificadas foram: frequência de novos processos, memória da organização, mudanças nas rotinas operacionais, implementação da inovação, estrutura organizacional e inovação e motivação da inovação. Os resultados encontrados sinalizam que o desenvolvimento da capacidade dinâmica nas corretoras de valores mobiliários depende da maneira como elas respondem às mudanças do ambiente, dos investimentos em tecnologia e, ainda, das rotinas implementadas para a inovação e implementação de seus produtos e serviços. Apesar de atuarem no mesmo mercado, foram identificadas diferenças na gestão do negócio, de modo que foi possível agrupar as corretoras em três distintos grupos: i) grupo das corretoras que apresentam o desenvolvimento de capacidade dinâmica, possuem estratégias bem definidas, são corretoras proativas e realizam quase que continuamente investimentos em tecnologia e inovação de produtos e serviços; ii) este grupo vem fazendo um esforço em apresentar características evidenciadas de capacidade dinâmica, em alguns momentos percebem-se as transformações realizadas por essas corretoras, nota-se que os gestores já estão refletindo sobre suas ações e suas estratégias, e que as mudanças no ambiente já estão sendo readequadas no dia a dia de suas rotinas; iii) o terceiro grupo está um pouco distante em realçar características de capacidade dinâmica.

A teoria sobre as capacidades dinâmicas acolhe influências de várias teorias que a antecederam no campo da economia, da teoria das organizações e da estratégia. Em função dessas influências variadas, seu construto central, a capacidade dinâmica, tornou-se complexo e multifacetado. Vários autores especulam acerca da natureza e da evolução das capacidades dinâmicas. A percepção que se tem a partir das definições fornecidas pelos autores seminais é de que a natureza das capacidades dinâmicas é sistêmica e evolutiva. Em particular, é perceptível a afinidade do conceito de capacidades dinâmicas com duas abordagens sistêmicas específicas: o modelo do sistema viável (viable system model, VSM) e a metodologia sistêmica soft (soft systems methodology, SSM). Entretanto, apesar dessa aparente afinidade das capacidades dinâmicas com a visão sistêmica, estudos que relacionem os dois domínios da literatura são muito raros. Praticamente inexistem trabalhos que apliquem o VSM ou a SSM no estudo ou na administração de capacidades dinâmicas. O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a natureza e a evolução das capacidades dinâmicas sob uma perspectiva sistêmico-evolutiva. Como descrever a natureza das capacidades dinâmicas segundo uma perspectiva sistêmico-evolutiva? Como operacionalizar uma abordagem de administração evolutiva de capacidades dinâmicas através de metodologias sistêmicas como o VSM e a SSM? Essas são as perguntas que orientam este estudo. Através de revisão narrativa de literatura, a visão de capacidades dinâmicas e as teorias que a influenciaram foram analisadas e relacionadas com a visão sistêmica. Além disso, na falta de artigos que relacionassem os dois domínios da literatura, empreendeu-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura com artigos que tratam sobre a construção, desenvolvimento, evolução, obtenção, manutenção, mobilização e gerenciamento de capacidades dinâmicas. Esses artigos foram submetidos à análise categorial, uma variante da análise de conteúdo, para verificar a ocorrência de temas relacionados ao VSM e à SSM. Como resultado da revisão narrativa, demonstrou-se que a visão de capacidades dinâmicas está intimamente relacionada com a visão sistêmica, inclusive com o VSM e a SSM. Essa relação é uma herança da relação que as teorias que influenciaram a visão de capacidades dinâmicas já possuíam com a visão sistêmica. A revisão integrativa de literatura com análise de conteúdo permitiu concluir que (1) as capacidades dinâmicas têm, de fato, uma natureza evolutiva, (2) a intervenção da administração tem um papel importante na construção e na evolução de capacidades dinâmicas, e (3) essa intervenção pode ocorrer de duas maneiras básicas, que se chamou de evolução por projeto e evolução por aprendizagem, que se relacionou, respectivamente, às abordagens do VSM e da SSM. As descobertas da pesquisa foram sintetizadas em um modelo sistêmico evolutivo de organização que possui múltiplas vistas: um modelo hierárquico de administração de recursos e capacidades, um modelo recursivo de competências, um modelo recursivo de capacidades, um modelo de evolução de capacidades e um modelo de administração evolutiva baseado no VSM e na SSM. A pesquisa oferece uma contribuição teórica, no que diz respeito à compreensão da natureza sistêmica das capacidades dinâmicas. A pesquisa também oferece uma contribuição prática, ao propor a administração evolutiva, operacionalizada através do VSM e da SSM, como uma abordagem para o gerenciamento das capacidades dinâmicas. / The theory of dynamic capabilities gathers influences from several theories that preceded it in the fields of economics, organizational theory and strategy. Due to these varied influences, its core construct, the dynamic capability, ended up to become complex and multifaceted. Several authors speculate about the nature and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. The perception that we have from the definitions provided by the seminal authors is that the nature of dynamic capabilities is systemic and evolutionary. In particular, it is noticeable the affinity of the dynamic capability concept with two specific systems approaches: the viable system model (VSM) and the soft systems methodology (SSM). However, despite this seemingly affinity of dynamic capabilities with systems approach, studies that relate both realms of the literature are very scarce. There are practically no studies that apply the VSM or SSM in the study or the management of dynamic capabilities. The goal of the present research is to investigate the nature and the evolution of dynamic capabilities under a systemic-evolutionary approach. How to conceive the nature of dynamic capabilities according to a systemic-evolutionary perspective? How to operationalize an evolutionary management approach to dynamic capabilities by using systems methodologies such as the VSM and SSM? These are the questions that drive this research. By means of a narrative literature review, the dynamic capabilities view and the theories that influenced it were analyzed and related with systems thinking. In addition, given the lack of articles that relate both realms of the literature, an integrative literature review was undertaken with articles that address the construction, development, evolution, attainment, maintenance, deployment and management of dynamic capabilities. These articles were submitted to categorical analysis, a variation of content analysis, to verify the occurrence of themes related to the VSM and SSM. As a result of the narrative literature review, we showed that the dynamic capabilities view is closely related to the systems thinking, including to the VSM and SSM. This relation in an inheritance of the relation that the theories that influenced the dynamic capabilities view already had with systems thinking. The integrative literature review with content analysis led to the conclusion that (1) the dynamic capabilities do have an evolutionary nature, (2) the intervention of management has an important role in building and evolving dynamic capabilities, and (3) this intervention can take two basic approaches, that we named evolution by design and evolution by learning, which we respectively related to the approaches of the VSM and SSM. The findings of the research were synthesized in a evolutionary system model of the organization that has several multiple views: a hierarchical model for resources management, a recursive model of competences, a recursive model of capabilities, a capabilities evolution model and a model for evolutionary management based on the VSM and SSM. The research provides a theoretical contribution, which regards the understanding of the systemic nature of dynamic capabilities. The research also provides a practical contribution, as it proposes evolutionary management, operationalized by applying the VSM and SSM, as an approach to the management of the dynamic capabilities.

Recent trends point toward a decline in solo and small business medical practices, yet, the need and demand still exists for this model of health care. The purpose of this case study was to explore effective approaches to help physicians in solo practice and small medical group primary care practitioners (PCPs) retain their small business medical practices. The study included purposive sampling and face-to-face interviews: 11 physicians, predominately primary care practitioners, in the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan region, were interviewed until data saturation was reached. A component of systems theory (strategic thinking) and the dynamic capabilities concept were used to frame the study. Audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed to identify themes regarding effective competitive approaches to help small medical group physicians retain their practices. Four major themes emerged: need for flexibility and adaptability, need for higher levels of business acumen, need to fully embrace automation, and a focus on pursuing financial stability before pursuing growth and expansion of the medical practice. Results may benefit society by preserving and strengthening a source of patient-centered, effective, affordable health care for communities served by small business medical practices. Implications for social change include presenting methods to enhance stability and organizational sustainability of small business medical practices.

Leaders of minority-owned businesses earn less revenue on average than their nonminority counterparts, even when both sets of leaders operate in the same industries. Among the factors leading to this earnings discrepancy is the lack of access that leaders of minority-owned businesses have to high-revenue opportunities. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies that some leaders of minority-owned small businesses use to compete for contracts in high-revenue industries. The study population comprised 3 owners of minority-owned small marketing consultancy firms headquartered in the Southeastern United States. Teece and Pisano’s dynamic capabilities view served as the conceptual framework for this study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and the review of company documents. The data analysis process included member checking to ensure credibility of the interpretation of the information gathered during the interviews, and methodological triangulation of the data sources to establish data validity. Four themes emerged from the analysis: positioning and targeting, capabilities and competencies, pricing and returns, and relevancy and longevity. The themes are critical success factors for competing for contracts in high-revenue industries and may be beneficial to the leaders of minority-owned small businesses in seeking contracts in similar or parallel industries. Leaders who apply the study findings may earn incremental revenues to effect positive social change through additional job creation and community development activities, benefiting local economies and residents.

In the United States, immigrant entrepreneurs start almost one third of all new businesses. However, many immigrant entrepreneurs lack the knowledge or expertise to evolve their businesses beyond the ethnic enclave where the businesses are located. This multiple case study captured the strategies used by 5 Latino immigrant business owners who successfully expanded their business beyond their ethnic enclave. The conceptual framework for this study was dynamic capabilities theory. Data were collected from interviews, company documents, and observations of the operation of businesses and owners. Member checking and transcript reviews were used to enhance the reliability and credibility of the data. Miles, Huberman, and Saldana's data analysis method was used to identify 6 themes that yielded 3 possible strategies to help Latino immigrant business owners expand outside of their enclave: (a) adopt a multicultural hybridism model changing the internal make-up of the employee base to include more interethnic labor and managerial resources; (b) achieve language and cultural proficiency of the host community; and (c) seek and nurture professional development and mentorship relationships to obtain access to advice, opportunities, and financial resources. Also noted was the importance of individual readiness to seize opportunities and being tenacious in their business efforts. The study findings may contribute to positive social change because strategies that help immigrant entrepreneurs succeed have benefits that extend beyond their immediate family to the broader communities in which they operate by increasing job creation, wealth accumulation, and the development of society.

節能與環保是當今世界各國共同要面對的課題，而解決此人類共同難題所孕育而生的太陽能綠色產業是未來世界的潮流與希望，世界各先進國無不大力推展。而台灣向來致力於高科技產業發展，對於這未來的科技趨勢與產業大餅，從半導體代工、液晶面板及系統模組製造的科技大廠紛紛積極相繼投入。而本研究以半導體通路商T公司為例，以一個營業額百億規模的中型企業，由半導體矽晶圓銷售，切入太陽能矽原料買賣市場，進而建立自有太陽能模組品牌，並在歐洲市場有成功的市場實績，探討個案企業如何成功轉型，並在太陽能產業的新市場中取得競爭優勢。茲提出以下討論問題：1. 半導體通路商跨足太陽能產業的多角化動機與策略思考為何？2. 半導體產業轉型(多角化)跨足至太陽能產業的動態能耐發展及成功因素為何？希望藉此了解企業的多角化策略思考以及如何運用或產生新的能力順利跨足新事業領域。 本研究經由相關文獻探討後，以動態能耐架構，「組織與管理程序」、「定位」、「發展路徑」三構面來分析研究個案企業多角化發展歷程，資源與能力的改變與新生。採用個案研究法深入訪談個案公司相關高階主管，以了解其多角化跨足太陽能產業的實務作為。由個案分析與研究發現得出研究結論如下： 結論一：企業轉型動機為提昇企業價值，實踐永續經營。為延續以往成功經驗，多角化轉型常選擇相關多角化經營策略。 結論二：在組織與管理程序方面，企業多角化歷程中，新事業多會延續原企業的制度與流程。在組織學習與人才培育上，新事業則會偏重外部資源。 結論三：在組織定位方面，相關多角化的發展初期，新事業運用現有資產，能夠快速獲得成功。但是公司的資產定位與優勢，會隨著產業狀況變化而改變。 結論四：在企業發展路徑方面，企業過去發展歷程中的經營策略調整的經驗對多角化經營的發展，有正面助益。 結論五：策略選擇會對企業本身動態能耐造成影響，當企業的經營形態改變，會使公司專屬資產地位的優/劣勢產生變化。 / Nowadays, shortage of crude oil and global warming are major issues that every country in the world must to confront. To solve these problems, all advanced industrial countries are making a lot of efforts in researching and developing alternative energies, including solar energy, which is taken as one of the most effective and mature solutions at the moment. High-tech industries have been well developed and prosperous in Taiwan during past decades. To take the trend of solar energy, many leading companies in semiconductor, LCD panel and computer system manufacturing industries are actively participating in solar industry. This research is to take T-company, one of the major material distributors in semiconductor industry, as example to study how it succeeds in diversification and gets advantages in the new market of solar industry. The major two subjects in this research are as below: 1. What are the motives and strategies for a semiconductor distributor to diversification in order to enter solar industry? 2. What are the success factors and dynamic capabilities needed when a company transforms or diversifies itself from semiconductor industry to solar industry? Case-study method is applied in this research to analyze the actions taken by T-company. To track the diversification and the changes of resources/ capabilities in T-company, the analysis of dynamic capabilities are divided into three dimensions: “organization and managerial processes”, “positioning” and “path of growth”. As a result, the conclusions of this research are as below: 1. The motives of business transformation/ diversification are to ensure the growth and sustainability of corporation. To continue the successful experience, transformation or diversification to related industry is often chosen. 2. In the transformation/ diversification, systems and processes of new business often follow the original ones. As to human resource and professional training, external resources are preferred. 3. Regarding organization positioning, in the initial stage of diversification, the new business has the advantages of using existing resources and reputation to speed up to success. However, the existence of advantages will depend on the industrial situation in the long run. 4. On the paths of enterprise growth, the experiences of strategy adjustment are positively helpful when the corporation goes diversification. 5. The choice of business strategies will influence the dynamic capabilities of a company. When the business model is changing, the advantages/ disadvantages of company exclusive assets will also change.