Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:48:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoHLS_DISSERT.pdf: 2616798 bytes, checksum: 22d85c8d781aecef20ff0906635a692b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / One way to deal with the high complexity of current software systems is through selfadaptive systems. Self-adaptive system must be able to monitor themselves and their environment, analyzing the monitored data to determine the need for adaptation, decide how the adaptation will be performed, and finally, make the necessary adjustments. One way to perform the adaptation of a system is generating, at runtime, the process that will perform the adaptation. One advantage of this approach is the possibility to take into account features that can only be evaluated at runtime, such as the emergence of new components that allow new architectural arrangements which were not foreseen at design time. In this work we have as main objective the use of a framework for dynamic generation of processes to generate architectural adaptation plans on OSGi environment. Our main interest is evaluate how this framework for dynamic generation of processes behave in new environments / Uma forma de lidar com a elevada complexidade dos sistemas de software atuais ? atrav?s de sistemas autoadaptativos. Sistema autoadaptativos devem ser capazes de monitorar a si mesmos e ao seu ambiente, analisar os dados monitorados para determinar a necessidade de adapta??o, decidir como a adapta??o ser? realizada e, por fim, realizar as adapta??es necess?rias. Uma das maneiras de realizar a adapta??o de um sistema ? gerar, em tempo de execu??o, o processo que ir? executar a adapta??o. Uma vantagem dessa abordagem ? a possibilidade de levar em considera??o caracter?sticas que s? podem ser avaliadas em tempo de execu??o, como por exemplo, o surgimento de novos componentes que possibilitem novos arranjos arquiteturais que n?o foram previstos em tempo de projeto. Neste trabalho, temos como principal objetivo a utiliza??o de um framework de gera??o din?mica de processos para gerar planos de adapta??o arquiteturais sobre o ambiente OSGi. Nosso principal interesse consiste em verificar como esse framework de gera??o din?mica de processos se comporta em novos ambientes

Cette thèse concerne le diagnostic de processus dynamiques basée sur la Théorie des Observations Datées, une théorie mathématique conçue pour la modélisation et le raisonnement à partir de données datées. Les contributions présentées dans ce mémoire sont 1) une extension de la méthodologie d'ingénierie des connaissances TOM4D (Timed Observation Modeling for Diagnosis) aux réseaux de processus dynamiques, 2) l'algorithme temps réel et any-time TOM4E (Timed Observation Management for Explanation) qui utilise les modèles TOM4D pour diagnostiquer les comportements dans un réseau de processus dynamiques à partir de données datées et 3) l'application de TOM4D et TOM4E au diagnostic du barrage hydraulique des Sapins (France), un problème particulièrement difficile. TOM4D est une approche de diagnostic à partir de multiples modèles dirigée par la syntaxe ou l'introduction de la sémantique est contrôlée par la Combinaison de l'approche conceptuelle de CommonKADS au tétraèdre des états de la physique newtonienne. Les fonctions Detect, Describe et Explain de TOM4E utilisent les modèles d'observation déduit des modèles de comportement de TOM4D pour identifier les comportements potentiels des processus. Pour des raisons de simplicité, la présentation de TOM4D et de TOM4E est effectuée à l'aide d'un exemple didactique tirée de la littérature spécialisée dans le domaine du diagnostic. L'application au diagnostic du barrage des Sapins démontre l'intérêt de l'approche : leur usage aurait permis d'identifier le premier problème huit ans avant sa quasi-destruction, la présence d'eau étant mise en évidence sept ans avant. / This thesis proposes a diagnosis approach of dynamic process based on the Timed Observation Theory, a mathematical framework for modeling and reasoning about dynamic process from timed data. The contributions of this works are i) an extension of the TOM4D (Timed Observation Modeling for Diagnosis) Knowledge Engineering methodology to networks of dynamic processes, ii) a real-time and any-time diagnosis algorithm called TOM4E (Timed Observation Management for Explanation) that uses the TOM4D models to diagnose behaviors in a network of dynamic processes and iii) the application of TOM4D and TOM4E to the diagnosis of the French Sapin's hydraulic dam, a particularly difficult real-world diagnosis problem. TOM4D is a is a primarily syntax-driven approach of Multi-Model Based Diagnosis where semantic content is introduced in a gradual and controlled way through the combination of the CommonKADS conceptual approach and the Tetrahedron of States of Newton's physical laws.TOM4E algorithm is based on the Detect, Describe and Explain functions which uses observation models translated from the TOM4D behavioral models. For simplicity reasons, the presentation of TOM4D and TOM4E is made with a unique didactic example provided from the literature of the diagnosis domain. The example of Sapin's dam makes the demonstration of the interest of the proposed approach: using them, the first Sapin's dam problem would have been identified eight years before its quasi-failure, and the presence of water being highlighted seven years before.

Ce document concerne le développement d'un cadre mathématique spécifiant une technologie capable de prendre en charge quelques unes des problématiques relevant du domaine des grands flux de données. Nous proposons de combiner le point de vue ontologique de Newell et celui épistémologique de Floridi d'abstraction pour construire des outils de transformation de modéles au moyen d'un ensemble adéquats de foncteurs au sens de la théorie des catégories de Samuel Eilenberg et Saunders Mac Lane. La méthode de résolution de problème proposée est basée sur un raisonnement d'abstraction temps réel qui produit, en ligne, une réduction d'un grand nombre de données sémantiquement pauvres en une donnée unique équivalente mais sémantiquement plus riche. Le prix à payer pour un tel enrichissement sémantique de l'information est la perte d'information syntaxique (i.e. le phénoméne d'oubli). Nos contributions sont les suivantes: (i) la démonstration que le concept d'observateur unaire de la théorie des observations datées (TOT) de Le Goc joue le même rôle qu'un échantillonneur de Dirac, (ii) la construction de la catégorie $TOT(\mathbb{Z})$, adéquate à la formulation du processus d'abstraction proposé et (iii) la conception de la méthode de résolution de problème TOM4A (timed observations methodology for abstraction) dont une application concrète est présentée visant à découvrir et modéliser le problème complexe de la fraude interne dans le domaine bancaire / This document concerns the development of a theoretical mathematical framework to provide a technology able to manage some of the problematics of the big data flows domain. We propose to combine Newell's ontological and Floridi's epistemological point of views of abstraction to build tools that transform models by the mean of an adequate set of functors according to Samuel Eilenberg and Saunders Mac Lane's category theory. The proposed problem solving method relies on a real time abstraction reasoning process to resume, on line, a lot of semantically poor data into an equivalent but richer one. The price to pay for such an information semantic enrichment is the loss of syntactic data (i.e. the oversight phenomenon). Our contributions are (i) to prove that Le Goc's timed observations theory (TOT) concept of unary observer plays the same role as Dirac's sampler, (ii) the construction of the $TOT(\mathbb{Z})$ category that is adequate to formulate the proposed abstraction based PSM and (iii) the design of TOM4A (timed observations methodology for abstraction), a specific recursive abstraction-reification based PSM whose a concrete application has been provided for detecting and modeling the complex problem of internal frauds in the banking industry

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:56:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4587.pdf: 3361282 bytes, checksum: edd6af651ca4211886714b86ca592b36 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-31 / Agência Nacional de Petróleo / Distillation of hydroalcoholic mixtures that result from the fermentative route of production of ethanol has been widely studied. Nonetheless, three points have not deserved special attention yet: the industrial fermentation intrinsic variability; the changes on the feed stream of the columns caused by the mixing of 1st (1G) and 2nd (2G) generation wines in the same biorefinery; and the alteration of the level in the buffer vat throughout the operation of the industrial plant. The two first aspects result in changes of the concentration of ethanol and other fermentation by-products, such as isoamyl alcohol in the buffer tank. The third aspect alters the flow impelled by the feed pumps and, consequently, changes the outlet temperature of the K heat exchanger (i.e. of the first column feed stream). In this work, the EMSO simulator (Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization) was used to study transient perturbations of the columns operation, and the effect of wine composition in the buffer vat that will be pumped for distillation, with aid of a column model representing the distillation train A-A1-D. Reboiler and condenser temperatures and levels are controlled by PID loops, and the dynamic model of the tray column includes correlations (already implemented in EMSO) for liquid holdup, pressure drop in the tray, among other aspects. The gamma-phi approach, using UNIFACDortmund equation for the liquid phase non-ideality and SRK model for the vapour, was used to represent vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE). Firstly, the dynamics of distillation of ethanol-water and ethanol-water-isoamyl alcohol mixtures was simulated, up to steady state. The EMSO steady-state results were very similar to Aspen-Pus® (7.3) simulations. Following, in order to closer represent the complexity of the real situation, a model of the centrifugal pump plus tabulation was inserted in EMSO, integrated to the K heat exchanger (that regenerates the energy of vinasse, pre-heating the column feed) and to the column itself. The main conclusions were: the presence of isoamyl alcohol influenced somehow the temperature and molar fractions transient profiles in the column, but the composition of the top stream was not sensibly affected. Changes of the liquid level in the buffer vat during the operation, following loadunload cycles, caused periodic perturbations in the system output variables (flows, temperatures and mol fractions of the process outflow), whose amplitude could be absorbed by the control system. Step perturbations in the buffer vat were simulated, with consistent responses, as assessed by the system global mass balance. Mixing wines with lower alcoholic contents, as the ones coming from the 2G process, causes effects that are dumped after one load-reload cycle of the vat. In long term, model responses indicate that, kept the reflux ratio and the top and bottom conditions in the column, the system gradually achieves stable operation points. / A destilação de misturas hidroalcoólicas que surgem no processo de produção de etanol por rota fermentativa tem sido bastante estudada. Contudo, três aspectos têm sido frequentemente relevados: a variabilidade inerente à fermentação, principalmente em ambiente industrial; a influência sobre a alimentação das colunas causada pela mistura de vinhos de primeira (1G) e segunda (2G) geração na mesma biorrefinaria; e a variação do nível da dorna volante ao longo da operação da destilaria. Os dois primeiros aspectos resultam em variações da concentração de etanol e de outros sub-produtos da fermentação (como o álcool isoamílico) na dorna volante. O terceiro aspecto promove alterações nas vazões das bombas de alimentação e consequentes oscilações na temperatura de saída do trocador K (ou seja, na alimentação da primeira coluna). Neste trabalho, utilizando o simulador EMSO (Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization), estudou-se a natureza transiente das perturbações na operação das colunas, utilizando uma coluna modelo para representar o trem de destilação A-A1-D, bem como o efeito da composição do vinho na dorna volante a ser bombeado para a destilação. Temperatura e nível de refervedor e condensador são controlados por malhas PID, e a representação da dinâmica da torre de pratos inclui correlações (já implementadas no EMSO) para prever o acúmulo de líquido sobre o vertedouro, a perda de carga no prato, dentre outros aspectos. O equilíbrio líquido-vapor (ELV) foi representado pela abordagem gamma-phi, usando a correlação UNIFAC-Dortmund para a fase líquida, e o modelo SRK para a fase vapor. Em um primeiro momento foi estudado o processo dinâmico de destilação considerando o vinho composto por misturas etanol-água e etanolágua- álcool isoamílico com o transcurso de tempo suficiente para que fosse atingido o estado estacionário. Compararam-se as respostas do simulador EMSO com resultados estacionários obtidos no simulador de processos Aspen Plus® (versão 7.3) da Aspen Tech, observando-se bastante semelhança entre os resultados das simulações nas duas plataformas. Posteriormente, para melhor representar a complexidade da situação real, inseriu-se no EMSO modelo de bomba centrífuga e tubulação, interligando a dorna volante, o regenerador (trocador de calor K) responsável por pré-aquecer o vinho com a vinhaça efluente do fundo da coluna A, e a própria coluna. As principais conclusões foram: a consideração da presença de álcool isoamílico teve alguma influência nos perfis transientes de composição e temperatura ao longo da coluna, mas a composição de topo foi pouco afetada. A variação de nível da dorna durante a operação, em ciclos de esvaziamento/enchimento, causou perturbações cíclicas nas variáveis-resposta do sistema (vazões, temperaturas e frações molares dos efluentes do processo), cuja amplitude pode ser absorvida pelo sistema de controle. Perturbações degrau na dorna volante foram simuladas, com respostas consistentes nas simulações, como atestam os balanços globais de massa do processo. A mistura na dorna de vinho de menor teor alcoólico, eventualmente provindo do setor de etanol 2G, é absorvida após um ciclo de recarga da dorna. No longo prazo, as respostas do modelo indicam que, mantidas a razão de refluxo e as condições de topo de fundo da coluna, o sistema tende gradualmente a pontos de operação estável.

In this master thesis an input-model of a Nordic BWR power plant has been developed in APROS. The plant model contains key systems and major thermohydraulic components of the steam cycle, including I&C systems (i.e. power, pressure, level and flow controls). The plant model is primarily designed for balance of plant studies at discrete power levels. The input-model of the power plant focuses especially on the steam cycle which is crucial for analysing water and steam behaviour and its influence on the reactor power. At the current stage, the model primarily handles steady-state conditions of full-power operation, which has been the design point. It has also been shown that reduced-power operation can be simulated with a reasonable trendline of pressure and temperature progression over facility components. / Inom ramen för examensarbete har en indatafil (modell) av en nordisk kokvattenreaktor, BWR, utvecklats i simuleringsverktyget APROS. Anläggningsmodellen är främst utformad för att simulera diskreta effektnivåer och innehåller viktiga system och termohydrauliska komponenter som ingår i ångcykeln, inklusive instrumenterings- och kontrollutrustning (dvs. effekt-, tryck-, nivå- och flödesreglering). Fokus har lagts särskilt på att få till en bra representation av ångcykeln, vilket är avgörande för analys av vatten- och ångbeteendet och dess påverkan på reaktoreffekten. Modellen kan främst användas för simulering av jämviktstillstånd vid full effektdrift och till en viss grad även reducerad effektdrift.

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In this study a contextual training model for developing leaders in ministry to children is investigated. The training model offers a dynamic training process for the development of effective leadership for the African Church and other Christian organizations in the field of children's ministries. The aim of these children's ministries would be to see holistically developed God fearing children in Africa. This study provided an opportunity to ask deeper questions about one's assumptions on prevailing concepts about children, children ministries, leadership training, African philosophy and what is meant by contextual training models. The complexity of Africa, its people and the challenges for the future are evident from this study. It can be concluded that it is possible and necessary to train effective Christian leadership for children's ministries. To develop effective leadership in the field of children's ministries could prove to be one of the long term answers to the pressing needs of Africa and its people. The model serves the statement "equipped to impact the continent" / Practical Theology / M.Th. (Practical Theology)

In this study a contextual training model for developing leaders in ministry to children is investigated. The training model offers a dynamic training process for the development of effective leadership for the African Church and other Christian organizations in the field of children's ministries. The aim of these children's ministries would be to see holistically developed God fearing children in Africa. This study provided an opportunity to ask deeper questions about one's assumptions on prevailing concepts about children, children ministries, leadership training, African philosophy and what is meant by contextual training models. The complexity of Africa, its people and the challenges for the future are evident from this study. It can be concluded that it is possible and necessary to train effective Christian leadership for children's ministries. To develop effective leadership in the field of children's ministries could prove to be one of the long term answers to the pressing needs of Africa and its people. The model serves the statement "equipped to impact the continent" / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.Th. (Practical Theology)

Diplomová práca,, ,,Analysis of boundary conditions of ground heat exchangers,, je primárne zameraná na analýzu okrajových podmienok a hlavných faktorov vplývajúcich na spoľahlivý návrh a prestup tepla plošného zemného výmenníka v oblasti geotermálnych aktivít na kúpeľnom ostrove v Piešťanoch. Posúdenie možných vplyvov na životné prostredie, ako je napríklad vznik tepelných zmien v dôsledku extrakcie tepla vrátane zamŕzania pôdy v okolí potrubia a potenciálneho znečistenia podzemných vôd je taktiež rozoberané. Súčasťou tejto záverečnej práce boli spracované tri numerické analýzy metódou konečných prvkov pomocou softvéru COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6., ktoré sa môžu vyskytnúť v tejto konkrétnej oblasti. Prvá numerická analýza je podrobená štúdii dynamických procesov plošného zemného výmenníka tepla a zeminy nasýtenou vodou pri konštantnej teplotnej okrajovej podmienke pôdy. Dynamický proces zemného výmenníka tepla a nasýteného podložia pri nestálej teplotnej okrajovej podmienke je skúmaný v druhej numerickej analýze. Posledná analýza je vyhotovená na posúdenie prevádzky plošného zemného výmenníka tepla s možnosťou prúdenia podzemnej vody v rovnakej vrstve. Vďaka týmto numerickým štúdiám a výsledkom dynamických tepelných modelov, každá prípadová štúdia obsahuje rozloženie teplôt v zemine, výstupné teploty z výmenníka a vlastný čiastočný záver.