Student mobility and its relationship to academic success have been researched since World War II with varied findings (Goebel, 1978). Establishing the relationship between mobility and achievement is difficult due to the fact that mobility is related to many factors. Mobility has been found to be prevalent among students who traditionally demonstrate achievement gaps (specifically students of low-income status) (Long, 1992; Smith, Fien & Paine, 2008). Mobility’s relationship to achievement is complex. Led by a single definition of mobility, admittance to more than one school in the given district over the period of one academic year, this research study sought to determine the effect of mobility on academic achievement. Specifically, the research focused on mobility’s effect on students classified as low-income and the effect of school mobility level on academic achievement of its students. This study used a quantitative design; student records were obtained for mobility data, and criterion referenced test scores in mathematics and language arts were utilized to measure academic achievement. Findings revealed that mobile students performed below non-mobile students, low-income status affected mobile students negatively, and mobility level of the school attended had a negative effect on the academic achievement of its students.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

This thesis aims to create a first draft of a value-driven business model describing a mobility service for areas outside cities, which uses self-driving vehicles. The methodology used to fulfil the aim is based on service design thinking. User studies are conducted using qualitative interviews to explore the mobility needs and behaviour in rural areas. This is then combined with a morphological analysis, which is used as a structuring method for creating new business model concepts for the mobility service. Finally, stakeholder interviews are conducted in order to revise the developed business model and to find out their opinions about the proposed mobility service. The resulting mobility service is a feeder-service that includes self-driving vehicles, operated by the public transport authority. The study shows that a concept with self-driving vehicles like this would meet the users' mobility needs. Regarding the implementation of the service, stakeholders involved have driving factors that could facilitate the implementation, such as cost savings, increased accessibility, rural development, and environmental aspects. However, some barriers are identified as well, that mainly concerns the sparse structure and long distances in rural areas, the dimension of the vehicle fleet, laws and regulations, but also the psychological barriers such as acceptance of the users to go from using their own car to utilize self-driving vehicles in a mobility service.

The project began with a simple question: In a future where the Internet has the ability to connect everything digitally, will the need to move physically still exist? To answer this question, we need to reconsider the far-reaching effect that online service has brought to our everyday lives. And based on the current trend of Internet development, the author focuses to predict the challenges and opportunities for people’s daily life brought by the future internetization trend.Instead of designing another vehicle which moves from A to B , the author rethinks the mobility as a unit of service connection in 15-minutes urban life circle in 2035. Redesigning the form and boundaries of the mobility based on the future working and living needs, this project envisions such a mobility to inspire more sparks and discussions about the subject. _Inspiration Inspired by the idea of merging the architecture principles and mobility interior design, the author aims for creating a mobility which enables people to work from anywhere in future cities.With help of Internet and new technologies, population density starts to act as a solid base for boosting of urban life services. And this emerging industry is deeply reshaping the urban lifestyle in the future, which has shown the urban people have new needs to get emotionally attached and have face-to-face teamwork from time to time.The aim of this project is to reconsider the core of mobility - not as a simple transportation platform anymore, but as a mobile space for multi-using. _Process Starting M mobile service, Volvo is a Scandinavian tech-driven brand which envisions a future to enable more people to move freely, meaningfully and sustainably.In order to design a mobility to ease people’s everyday life which also aligns with Volvo value, the author took a speculative approach based on research about the Volvo brand and relevant social trends. And the author starts interviews with people to gather more detailed info and pain-points after desktop research. Based on that, the author included the design opportunities of this project and step into the design process, which includes loops of ideation, sketching, modelling and evaluating with in Volvo team. These steps were not in linear order as the author as the project aims for really challenging the traditional structure and boundaries of the vehicle. _Result The result of this project is Volvo M-office and Volvo Working hub, which together form a systemic workspace solution beyond the concept of vehicle design.The design principle of the project is based on the prediction and research about future working method in urban area. The mobility is designed a open-able mobile space which can interact with other mobilities and facilities.Volvo M-office provides a flexible way of anywhere office life, With the mobility the people can choose the working locations they want, so as to connect the leisure time and working time in a smart way. In addition the mobility will also help the user to rebuild the work-life balance and emotional window in the context of Internetization future.

RELEVANCE AND INSPIRATION Traditional urban planning prioritizes motorized vehicles as the main transport solution, taking away green areas and space from pedestrians and citizens. Today there is an ongoing urbanization which creates increased demands in transportation of both goods and people. As a result of this traffic congestion as well as greenhouse gas emissions are increasing.One already established, and sustainable, solution to ease pressure on the roads and transport people is public road transport. However, studies have shown that there has been a steady decline in usage of public road transport through the years, not the least during the pandemic in 2019. During the last years there has been an increase in E-commerce, which put new pressure on both logistics and traffic in traditional urban environments due to a heavy increase in last mile deliveries.Today there is an ongoing shift towards more sustainable cities, to reduce emissions and create more livable areas, taking away space from traditional vehicles and giving it back to pedestrians and citizens.To be able to create future livable urban environments and reach specified environmental goals, a sustainable transport solution of both people and goods must be developed. PROCESS The purpose with this project is to investigate how the border between transport of people and goods in urban environments can be blurred and create a more attractive and sustainable transport solution.Research according to existing transport solutions in city environments and user needs and wishes has been analyzed in order to create a transport solution that would be suitable for both companies and people in a future 15-minute city. Different design methods were used in order to find a suitable solution to the identified problem. The creative process started with gathering of inspiration. Vehicle package, seating layout, suitable size, and capacity as well as future technologies were studied. A lot of sketching and renderings was done and then used as a foundation for 3D development. An imaginative future vehicle system was developed in order to create a plausible and holistic transport solution.Within the project, focus is mainly on vehicle exterior, creating a package suitable for transport of parcels as well as people in an environment that prioritise pedestrians and cyclists. RESULT The result of this degree work is Scania Combi, a compact, agile, and flexible transport solution. A multipurpose vehicle being able to transport both people and goods, within and between 15-minutes cities.

Inspiration The very first idea starts from the author’s life experience when urbanization in China shows great impact on everyone’s daily life that the social transport resources are often distributed unevenly during the day. It’s common to find no available shared bikes around metro station in the morning, or find no metro to go back home from the airport during the mid-night; Personal travelling experience with public system usually lacks privacy and comfort with many people in a carriage, while private mobility leads to congestion, parking and refueling headaches. In addition, the national goal for the future public transportation development is another story background. Public transit is strongly encouraged in China in the near future. To develop with this social need potential, the concept aims at exploring a flexible public transport system which remains both transport and energy efficiency, and also on-board experience as good as individual vehicles. Process The initial concept is based on the logic of rail transit system, which runs on dedicated tracks. Accordingly, Urban planning interview with professionals is conducted to learn more about the influence the future city layout may bring to the system design. All information gathered during research finally form the logical base. Once the system frame is set, more flesh is added such as brand identity, design aesthetics and related accessory design. The project mainly focuses on exterior which directly connects to the context, yet a hint of interior is also considered to provide persuasive illustration on user experience. In parallel to the vehicle design, context design (the hub) is as well part of the design list. The final outcome is to visualize a big picture of the whole system, not only a single unit. To test out the practicality, 3D modelling of architecture and vehicles with VR test are utilized to help optimize. Result ZEEKR 00M is not just the name for the pod running on the track, but also the whole system which can be called as ZEEKR line too, similar to the existed metro lines’ name that help users get familiar quickly. The system operates as a public resource which basically covers the new district areas surrounding the busy city center, where wide-spread transport infrastructure web is strongly needed in the near future. With separated pods running continuously on the track instead of a long carriage leaving a waiting queue at the platform after departure, individual travelling is independent with each other which improves the steadiness and efficiency of personal mobility experience. Meanwhile, these small pods can be kept in dynamically equal number at each hub with Internet-of-Vehicle assist, which helps feed the uneven rush hour need in different districts or emergent mobility need at any time.

The aim of this thesis was to study the intergenerational socioeconomic mobility of second generation immigrant daughters in Germany, by measuring how the parents’ educational level affect their children’s education. By adding a gender equality index to the dataset, the aim was to create a more nuanced interpretation of the results, including how cultural views in the parents’ source country can affect the parental investments. The results imply that daughters seem to have a lower intergenerational mobility, in line with previous research. When interacting a gender equality index variable with the parents’ educational level the results suggested that a high educated father from a country with high gender equality will increase both his son’s and daughter’s educational attainment. On the other hand, a high educated mother from a country with high gender equality will instead decrease her son’s educational level. Furthermore, another interaction variable was generated to translate how the parents’ educational level affects second generation immigrant children but failed to produce estimates on a statistically significant level. Nonetheless, it is important to notice that the results implied that both sons and daughters have a lower educational level than their fathers, and that daughters have a lower educational attainment than their mothers. This suggests that second generation immigrant children do not outperform their parents, as previous research suggests.

Immobility in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patient can be extremely detrimental and life-threatening to a person who suffers from a plethora of acute and chronic morbidities. Nurses in the ICU care a great deal about the~ patients, but may not always have the time, the knowledge, or the staffing to mobilize their patients as they should be mobilized. This literature review discusses the importance of mobilizing the ICU patient, what hazards of immobility could occur due to the lack of mobilization and different mobility interventions which are utilized in the ICU. The significance of this is to improve patient outcomes and limit the deconditioning caused by immobility. The writing of this review is an effort to encourage nurses to integrate mobility interventions into their plan of care. Understanding how to use this basic skill in a complex - environment will improve patient putcomes.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 300-339).

Sammanfattning Mobilitetsplaneringen har växt fram från globala trender som stärks av urbaniseringen, den tekniska utvecklingen och nya mobilitetsbehov. Mobilitetsplaneringen framför nya krav gällande sociala, ekonomiska och hållbara aspekter och är i behov av nya mobilitetslösningar. Bäst praktik, används inom internationella och nationella nätverk, för att dela nya lösningar, processer och innovationer. En mobilitetslösning som delas genom kunskapsdelningsmetoden bäst praktik, är det nya fenomenet mobilitetshus. Idag saknas en gemensam definition av mobilitetshus, vilket skapar oklarhet för mobilitetsplaneringen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka fenomenet mobilitetshus; dels vilken funktion ett mobilitetshus är tänkt att fylla och vilka transportbehov det är tänkt att adressera och dels att undersöka planeringen av bäst praktik angående mobilitetshus i Sverige. Studien undersöker exempel på befintliga och planerade mobilitetshus i Sverige. Studiens valda metoder grundas av befintlig teori och metodologi gällande bäst praktik. Kunskapsdelningen av bäst praktik kommer att förstås som en diskursiv process. Metoderna har ett förhållningssätt till befintlig data som innefattar Sveriges planering av det nya fenomenet mobilitetshus. Genom dokumentstudie, litteraturstudie och platsbesök, samlas en omfattande data för bäst praktik angående mobilitetshus i Sverige. Studiens resultat för de empiriska frågeställningarna delger att det finns en otydlighet av mobilitetshus definition och innehåll. Studien konstaterar att det saknas uppföljningsdokument, som redogör mobilitetshusens inverkan, resultat och funktion i staden. Studien rekommenderar att planeringen med bäst praktik angående mobilitetshus skulle kunna underlättas, genom att skapagemensamma förståelser av vad för “problem” mobilitetshus ska förväntas lösa i staden. I studien framkommer även att bäst praktik som kunskapsdelningsmetod, bidrar till en läroprocess. Lärprocessen tydliggörs vid undersökningen av befintliga och planerade mobilitetshus i Sverige.