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Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 B87 / Master of Arts

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The study begins by examining the orthodox theory of discrimination as a possible model with which to evaluate the socio-economic basis of race relations in Rhodesia. It is argued that it is inadequate because the theory is not grounded in the settler-colonial system, its historiography and the peripheral capitalist social formation in Rhodesia in which a complex articulation between modes of production is found. A critique is then undertaken of the principal theories hitherto used to explain the course of Rhodesian economic development - namely, dualism and those termed neo-marxist. It is argued that Barber's modification of the dualistic model of W. A. Lewis is deficient particularly because of the absence of a theory of 'primitive accumulation' and also the lack of an analysis of the political economy of the 'labour transfer', the basis of peripheral capitalist development. Arrighi's 'neo-maraist' analysis of Rhodesian development is also criticized for its inadequate theory of 'primitive accumulation' and the lack of attention paid to the labour mobilization process. An analytical alternative is proposed, based on an explanation of 'primitive capital accumulation' and the specific forms of-labour utilization found in Rhodesia in association with particular modes of production existent during the period under review. An attempt is made to specify these modes and the social relations related thereto. The labour structures found in the economic system are then examined in the context of the income distribution pattern, the class structure of the social formation and the primary 'dynamic' of Rhodesian postwar development - industrialization. It is suggested that changes in labour policy in various modes of production were essentially concerned with ensuring the maintenance of a system of cheap labour whereby employers acquired labour-power below the cost of its own reproduction. The development of peripheral capitalism under conditions of settler colonialism required changes to labour policy. These modifications left the basic structures of the socio-economic system intact, although they gave rise to substantial pressures for change, e. g. from unions and African nationalism. The State has been particularly significant in containing these socio-economic and political pressures, especially in the field of labour policy. An attempt is made to identify the changes in labour mobilization that have taken place, to assess their impact on the nature of discrimination and underdevelopment, and to point out some of the more important features of the class formation process that have resulted from the development of capitalism in Rhodesia.

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the Witvvatersrand, for the degree of Master of Arts. / Research for this thesis began in the anticipation of the SADCC's tenth anniversary. It proved to be an opportune moment to assess the organisation's achievements and to re-examine its goals. ln February 1990, F W de Klerk formally initiated a policy of domestic reforms that was to see South Africa re-accepted Into international society. At the same time the Southern Africa region was for a variety of reasons undergoing political and economic upheaval. Speculation about joint ventures between the re-admitted South African state and the SADCC became increasingly popular amongst political commentators. South African businesses, stifled by years of isolation, began to view the region as a lucrative market; and the SADCC, sensing approaching stagnation and a loss of initiative, proposed a restructuring of the organisation. The new organisation, the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) was formally launched in August 1992. It has not been given the same adulation as that accorded to its predeqessor, and in many respects is viewed with the same scepticism as other regional organisations in the developing world. / Andrew Chakane 2018

The first essay intends to answer the following questions: "Has China's economic growth become less volatile in the reform period?" and if it is the case, "What are the sources behind the increasing macroeconomic stability?" The answer to the first question is yes. Using the quarterly data of China, this paper provides robust evidence of the existence of a structural break or regime shift in the variance of the GDP growth process (most likely in 1992 and 1993). Employing decomposition methods from different perspectives, this essay attributes the significant decline in aggregate output volatility to the following factors: the increasing stability of labor productivity growth and TFP growth at the aggregate level, the declined volatility of value-added growth at the sectoral level, the increasing stability of consumption growth and investment growth from the demand side, and the decrease in the covariances between provincial growth contributions from the regional economic perspective. / The second essay attempts to examine the underlying factors accounting for the volatility of China's economic growth. It particularly highlights the role of investment policy volatility in explaining output volatility. The results suggest that investment policy volatility amplifies the growth volatility, whereas fiscal policy volatility has no significant effect. Government size and investment share have opposite, albeit not always significant, influences on growth volatility. The main findings are robust to the inclusion of additional controls, the substitution of initial values for the mean values of control variables, and the alternative estimation specifications of policy volatilities. It suggests that the decline in investment policy volatility accounts for a significant part of the increasing stability of China's economic growth, and that stable policies and a better institutional environment are crucial in sustaining the macroeconomic stability of China. / This thesis consists of three essays, and discusses several issues about volatility, growth and development in the context of the Chinese economy. / Unlike the conventional wisdom that growth and volatility correlate negatively across countries, the third essay finds a significant and positive growth-volatility link across Chinese provinces in the reform period. This link remains significant and positive in several robustness tests. Further analyses from disaggregate perspectives find that the output volatility is correlated with rural consumption growth and urban consumption growth negatively and positively, respectively. At the sectoral level, more volatile sectors command higher investment rate and higher value-added growth. This essay also finds that the expected volatility has positive effect on growth, while both fiscal and investment policy volatilities are significantly harmful to economic growth. However, the significances of policy volatilities vanish once expected volatility is included in the analysis. It partly confirms the analytical argument that the growth-volatility link in China is mainly driven by the positive volatility component. Moreover, a stable policy environment is vital to the economic growth of China despite a positive aggregate growth-volatility link. / pt. 1. Has the Chinese economy become less volatile? structural break detection and volatility decomposition -- pt. 2. What accounts for the volatility of China's economy growth -- pt. 3. On the link between growth and volatility: evidence from China. / Zhang, Ning. / Adviser: Junsen Zhang. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-09(E), Section: A. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-260). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest dissertations and theses, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.