The theme of my diploma work is the regulations in energy sector. I will try to describe their impacts on the environment. I will deal with the economic effects of the regulations and their utility for the environment. I will use many criteria for the consideration of these regulations. The main solution of my goals should be the application of the regulations in energy sector to aggregates of national economy. In the first part of my diploma work I will try to define the concept of regulation and I will also mention some kinds of regulation, their methods and goals. In the second part, I will focus on regulations in Czech Republic and I will determine their background and institutions which deal with them. Third part of the work will contain the impacts of the regulations on market mechanism. I will focus on specific economic theories which deal with regulations. Fourth part will determine impacts of the regulations on the environment. I will mention some laws and alternatives for environment which are related to these regulations. Final part of my work will deal with individual regulations and their impact on aggregates of national economy.

The objective of this diploma study is to develop and secure production of gear turbine with very low specific speed in comparison with conventional turbines. The first part of the work deals with already performed research of similar hydrostatic turbines. It is followed by construction design, including complete drawing documentation. The production of the prototype is secured by an external company. Finally, an experimental measurement of the characteristics of the designed turbine is performed in the laboratories of Fluid Engineering.

This master`s thesis is concerned with a business plan of changing the heating medium. The thesis analyses the current conditions and problems of the company, and offers a business plan, implementation of which will increase the profit of the company and ensure its future growth.

This diploma thesis discusses the issue of finding type of water turbine for very low heads and low discharges, which could be operated as mobile micro hydropower plant in island mode. Thesis deals with summary of appropriate choices of water turbine for needs of micro hydropower plant. Essential part of diploma thesis deals with design of optimized waterwheel. Waterwheel was chosen because commercial high-speed turbines have low efficiency for low heads. Waterwheel was manufactured and measured in laboratories of Fluid engineering. Measurement output was discharge and efficiency characteristic of turbine. The price calculation was made after manufacture.

This diploma thesis deals with the history and the development of the gas industry in Czechoslovakia, namely the construction of the transit gas pipeline and development of the gas transit system. One of the part of this thesis is a history of the coal gas and the reasons for its gradual replacement by a natural gas. The metodology of this thesis is based mainly on interviews based on the method of oral history, on archival records, and contemporary literature. Primarily it is focused on oral history fieldwork, particularly on the personal experiences of narrators who were direct participants in the construction. This work is also focused on the circumstances of the negotiations of the construction of a transit gas pipeline and further expansion of the transit system from the seventies to the nineties of the 20th century. Keywords Transit pipeline, natural gas, gas industry, economy, energetics, coal gas, normalization

The paper clearly shows that Russia has been diversifying its export routes during past 20 years, in order to by-pass third countries and to avoid paying additional transportation fees. The overall Russian export capacities of oil and gas are increasing, but in the same time the export volumes are stagnant. In case of oil transportation, pipelines are progressively substituted by sea transport, which enables Russia to participate on the world market. Situation with gas is different. Despite increasing export capacity Russia nowadays export almost the same amount of gas to the same locations as it did in 1990. It means that if there is any political or economical pressure it is laid against transition countries, which can be substituted, rather than against importing countries. Russian economical gains from export are following increasing oil and gas prices. To make the gains even higher, Russia initiated transition to world gas prices in the CIS countries as well as at the domestic market. To support the hypothesis of this thesis that primary goal of Russia is to increase its economical gains rather than to strengthen its political leverage, it is important to mention that majority of energy disputes of past twenty years were ignited by quarrel over prices and were settled by trade agreement. The...

The diploma thesis is dedicated to the development and maintenance of the central heating supply system in Plzeň. The first part of the thesis is devoted to a brief overview of the city's history and to the development of the energy sector and the beginnings of the construction of energy sources producing thermal energy in Plzeň. The next part contains the analysis of the administrative development of heat sources and the history of their construction in the city. In the middle of the 19th century, important industrial enterprises started to establish their first own energy sources. The energy source of the Škoda Plzeň plant, which was one of the first in the city, also used to heat the city's flats after the World War II and later incorporated into the central heating system. In order to supply heat, the city began to build heating plants in several parts of the city in the late 60s of the 20th century and followed this process with the construction of a central heating source in the early 70s. The last part of the thesis deals with the period after privatisation, when the legal form of business was changed and the Plzeňská teplárenská a. s. joint-stock company was established. The final summary compares the reasons for the construction of heat sources in Plzeň, which can be divided into three...

Diploma thesis is focused on comparison of small punch test results and tensile test results. For experiments were chosen steel P91, 10Ch2MFA, 20CrNi2MoV, 11 416 and 42 2707. These steel are used in nuclear power engineering, or they were developed for this purpose. Basic mechanical characteristics, namely ultimate tensile stress and yield stress, were evaluated from small punch test records of observed materials. This is done via convenient correlation relationships. Obtained values were compared with values obtained by conventional tensile tests. There are mentioned own suggested correlation relationships and comparison of temperature curves gained from small punch test and tensile test in the thesis. Assessment of microstructure of observed materials and analysis of fracture surfaces was provided as well. It was found out, that for assessing basic mechanical characteristics (ultimate tensile stress and yield stress) is the best to suggest own correlation relationships, instead of using universal relationships from literature. The fracture mechanism of all types of assessed steel was ductile in entire temperature range (up to -40 °C).

The thesis presents an investigation of the direct and indirect impact of environmental legal principles on international nuclear law and the regulation of nuclear activities, seeking to offer an up-to-date material for decision-making institutions and society on the main challenges that are necessary to overcome in order to reach the situation where nuclear energy could in the most effective way contribute to the implementation of environmental aims and where the environment could be adequately protected against any risks of the possible transboundary damage caused by nuclear activities developed for peaceful purposes (the analysis carried out in the thesis adopts an ecocentric rather than anthropocentric approach). The environmental legal principles chosen as an object for the analysis are those that provide for the guidelines and directions for the development of the international norms of nuclear law as well as lay down the regime for protecting natural environment (environmental safeguards) and international liability for environmental damage caused as a result of nuclear activities (i.e., the principles of cooperation, sustainable development, prevention, precaution, polluter pays, and the principle of information). After defining the points of interaction between international environmental law and nuclear law, the analysis proceeds with the examination of problems related to the evolution of environmental legal principles and their perspectives in the area of the... [to full text] / Disertacijoje nagrinėjama tiesioginė ir netiesioginė aplinkos teisės principų įtaka tarptautinei branduolinei teisei ir branduolinės energetikos objektų reguliavimui, siekiant informuoti sprendimus priimančias institucijas ir visuomenę apie pagrindinius iššūkius, kuriuos reikia įveikti siekiant, kad branduolinė energetika kiek įmanoma veiksmingiau prisidėtų įgyvendinant aplinkosauginius tikslus, o aplinka būtų tinkamai apsaugota nuo taikiais tikslais vystomos branduolinės veiklos keliamos tarpvalstybinės žalos rizikos (analizės metu vyrauja ekocentrinis, o ne antropocentrinis požiūris). Analizės objektu pasirinkti tie aplinkos teisės principai, kurie numato gaires tarptautinėms branduolinės teisės normoms plėtotis, nustato gamtos apsaugos režimą (saugiklius) bei tarptautinę atsakomybę, atsirandančią dėl branduolinės energetikos objektų sukelto žalingo poveikio aplinkai (t.y. bendradarbiavimo, darnaus vystymosi, prevencijos, atsargumo, teršėjas moka ir informavimo principai). Nurodžius tarptautinės aplinkos teisės ir branduolinės teisės sąlyčio taškus, toliau nagrinėjamos problemos dėl aplinkos teisės principų raidos ir perspektyvų branduolinės energetikos objektų reglamentavimo srityje, pateikiama susijusi nacionalinių ir tarptautinių ginčų sprendimo institucijų dėl branduolinės energetikos objektų praktika, atsakoma į klausimą, kuris iš minėtų aplinkos teisės principų veikimo modelių – tiesioginis ar netiesioginis – yra veiksmingesnis siekiant įgyvendinti užsibrėžtus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

This thesis deals with the Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union in the first half of 2009 in terms of energy and energy security. In the introductory theoretical part the notion of "energy security" is defined and the chapter analyzes energy in the EU primary law too, including jurisdiction of the issue to a particular Union's institutions. In the practical part of the thesis the priorities of the EU in energy and energy security are described and steps that CZ PRES made to increase EU energy security are analyzed. Particular emphasis is placed on the gas crisis and the general supply of gas, which played during the Czech Presidency a significant role. Final chapters focus on the shift in the EU's energy security during the forthcoming Swedish and the Spanish Presidency.