This study was initiated by an interest in discovering how, if at all, primary school teachers in two European countries perceive and practice environmental education. The thesis describes the historical development of the term 'environmental education', it discusses the main themes of environmentalism today, it refers to the global scene of policies and practices for environmental education, it addresses the status of environmental education in England and in Greece and finally it presents and discusses the conduct and results of an empirical study. The study was undertaken with a sample of primary school teachers in England and in Greece, whose commitment to environmental education was unknown. It follows a qualitative approach based on a semi-structured interview together with some quantitative elements of analysis. The results of the study reveal that even though teachers support education ABOUT the environment, they are not aware of on-going and historic developments in environmental education. Furthermore, they do not have efficient training in environmental education and they lack information about it and about appropriate methods of teaching it. They exhibit anthropocentric rather than ecocentric approaches to environmental issues and also they hold technocentric beliefs concerning the environmental literacy of today's society. Similarities and differences among the English and the Greek teachers emerged from the data collected. These are discussed in terms of the national curriculum of both countries, in terms of international documents, in terms of the type of support offered and how such support is utilised by teachers. The thesis concludes with recommendations concerning the school curricula of both countries and with recommendations for fiirther research.

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The Schlumberger array, or Schlumberger, was one of the first resistance arrays to be used to detect buried archaeological features. The early work used fixed probes and widely spaced traverses. Recent simulation work, ýhowever, suggested that the array should give improved resolution and depth penetration over the Twin-Probe array. This thesis is an attempt to operationalise the Schlumberger for use in archaeological prospection. This has been achieved via a co-ordinated use of laboratory simulation and-field studies. Initial fieldwork in England suggested. that the. - use of point electrodes created response patterns that were dependent upon the relative direction of linear targets. This was verified using a simulation tank modified to represent field procedure. The recognition of this response, therefore, required each survey area to be surveyed twice. The re-survey requires the two current probes to be positioned at right angles to the original survey points. The Schlumberger was then used in a battery of methods to investigate the problem of the archaeological interpretation of- small, discrete scatters of ceramic sherds that cover the landscape in Greece. The research has indicated a variation of intra-site patterning that may be significant to the function of these sites. Overall, the results suggest that the relationship between the 'site' and its environment is a complex one, one that can be oversimplified when the ceramic evidence is viewed in isolation. The Schlumberger indicated possible structural elements within some of these sites.