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The darkling beetles of the Nevada test site (Coleoptera - tenebrionidae)Packham, Willis A. 22 July 1963 (has links)
In the desert areas of southwestern United States the Coleoptera, family Tenebrionidae, constitute a conspicuous part of the ground-dwelling insects. Most species are black or dull chestnut-brown. They are primarily nocturnal and during the day can be found under rocks, debris, loose bark, or in rodent burrows. On cloudy days they may be seen lumbering along the desert floor. Most tenebrionids feed on plant materials of various sorts. In August, 1959, Brigham Young University initiated an ecological study at the Nevada Test Site near Mercury in Nye County, Nevada. As part of that study, emphasis was given to the ground-dwelling arthropods. One of the largest resulting collections was of tenebrionids. The purpose of this study is to provide descriptions of and keys to the beetles of this family found at the Nevada Test Site with notes on their relative abundance, seasonal occurrence, and plant community relationships. The results reported here deal with the tenebrionids collected between August, 1959 and July, 1962.
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The external morphology of pseudopanurgus aethiops (cresson)Hackwell, Glenn A. 01 July 1958 (has links)
In comparing the head of Pseudopanurgus with Anthophora and Apis, the general outline appears rather similar, the most significant variation being found on the posterior surface. Extending ventrally from the postoccipital suture to the dorsal wall of the proboscidial fossa is a suture known as the fused hypostomal suture. The hypostomal area is rather small and makes up only a small portion of the dorsal and lateral walls of the proboscidial fossa, the remainder being formed by the postgena. If this is correct, the hypostomal carinae (a term with which the author does not agree) are actually located on the postgena. From this characteristic alone it would appear that Pseudopanurgus is more specialized than Apis but more primitive than Anthophora. The first abdominal sternum appears to be membranous in Pseudopanurgus, suggesting a specialization over both Anthophora and Apis, where sclerotized areas are still present. Some of the abdominal terga of Pseudopanurgus have a longitudinal suture on the ventrolateral angle. This also, suggests a specialization not found in Anthophora or Apis. Rather large gonostyli were observed on the gonocoxites of the male genitalia. Volsella are also present in Pseudopanurgus. Read more
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Comparison of food foraging behavior in the temperate apple maggot fly (Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh) and the tropical Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann)Hendrichs, Jorge P 01 January 1992 (has links)
The food foraging behavior of two frugivorous tephritid fruit flies, apple maggot fly (Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh) and the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann) was compared by (1) assessing quantitatively fly feeding sites and activities over time and space in nature; (2) collecting substrates identified from feeding sites and assessing their contribution to fly maintenance and fecundity; (3) assessing fly intra-tree food-foraging behavior in field cages, as affected by food quality, and quantity. C. capitata feeding was studied in mixed orchards in Egypt and Greece. Females, dispersing and feeding more than males, foraged for food throughout most of the day requiring a substantial and varied diet that they often acquired away from the primary host. Feeding occurred at wounds and juice oozing from ripe fruits, as well on bird droppings. Male feeding on ripe fruit, occurred late in the day when they were least likely to find a mate. Fruit such as grapes did not support fecundity, contributing only to longevity, whereas fig fruit sustained longevity and fecundity. Bird feces added to a fig diet significantly increased fly fecundity. Apple maggot fly feeding was studied in an abandoned apple orchard in Massachusetts. Females, spend daily considerable time foraging for food on hosts and the surrounding vegetation, where they acquired food from foliage as well bird droppings. Fruit feeding played a minor role. Males remained mostly on fruiting host trees were they fed on leaf surfaces. Leaf surface bacteria did not support fly longevity or fecundity. Fly survival was sustained by leachates from host foliage, explaining the extensive "grazing" of flies there. Fly fecundity was sustained by bird droppings, supplemented by carbohydrates, as well as by aphid honeydew. Intra-tree fly foraging time was positively related to total amount of food solute previously encountered though largely independent of food volume or concentration. Volume and concentration, however, affected significantly food "handling time" and "bubbling" behavior, the oral extrusion of liquid crop contents to concentrate ingested food by elimination of excess water by evaporation. Weight losses of flies during post-feeding bubbling were an order of magnitude higher than when not bubbling. Read more
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The use of enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative analysis of an insect growth regulator and insect juvenile hormone from environmental and biological matricesMei, Joanne Virginia 01 January 1992 (has links)
Two immunoassay formats were developed for the detection of low levels of the insect growth regulator, methoprene. The generation of methoprene-specific antibodies needed for such assays relied on the preparation of a methoprene-carrier immunogen. 11-Methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2E,4E-dodecadienoic acid was covalently bound to a protein carrier via a spacer group. Two activated ester methods were used to prepare the immunogen, one of which forms a water soluble, activated ester of methoprene. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the methoprene immunogen were highly specific for methoprene. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) and a competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay (CIEIA) were developed using the polyclonal antisera. The range of the methoprene indirect ELISA was from 5 to 300 ng/mL (ppb), with an I$\sb{50}$ of 50 ng/mL, while the CIEIA has a range from 1.0 to 10 ppb, with an I$\sb{50}$ of 3.5 ppb. An indirect ELISA was also developed for insect juvenile hormone III from rabbit polyclonal antisera. The synthesis of several juvenile hormone derivatives used to prepare a juvenile hormone immunogen is described. The immunogen consisted of juvenile hormone III bound to a spacer arm via an ester, which was bound, in turn to a carrier protein via an amide bond. The resulting immunochemical assay showed high specificity for juvenile hormone III, with an I$\sb{50}$ of 225 ng/well. The juvenile hormone homologs, I and II, had I$\sb{50}$'s of 5000 and 800 ng/well, respectively. Other juvenile hormone analogs cross reacted with the juvenile hormone III antibody to a much lesser degree. The juvenile hormone III indirect ELISA has great potential for becoming the first readily available, easy-to-use analytical technique for the quantification of the hormone from biological materials. Read more
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Biodiversity of Bariditae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Conoderinae) in MississippiWhitehouse, Ryan 01 May 2020 (has links)
A survey of Bariditae in Mississippi resulted in records of 75 species in 32 genera and included two undescribed species and 36 new state records. An additional two species were recognized as possibly occurring in Mississippi as well. Diagnoses for all of the genera and species in the state are provided and keys to the genera as well as all of the species were made. Species were found in every county within Mississippi and are representative of the Bariditae fauna of the southeastern United States. Open, prairie-like habitats and aquatic wetland habitats were the habitats with the highest biodiversity of Bariditae in the state. Species of Baris, Geraeus, Linogeraeus, and Odontocorynus, were found in the highest numbers and Linogeraeus and Sibariops were found to be the most speciose genera in the state. Sibariops amica, S. benigna, and S. houstoni, are proposed as new synonyms of S. concinna.
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Classification and revision of world species of the genus <i>Fusicornia</i> Risbec (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)Taekul, Charuwat 09 September 2008 (has links)
No description available.
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Acoustic analysis of saproxylic arthropod diversity in North and Central American pine forestsMcAndrew, Kristy Marie 30 April 2021 (has links)
Biodiversity of arthropods living in dead wood is often understudied despite their potential effects on ecological processes such as wood decomposition and nutrient cycling. More time-efficient and less destructive methods are needed to study these saproxylic organisms to fully understand their global diversity. Because ecoacoustic methods have never been applied to saproxylic communities before, field and analytical methods such as waveguides, and soundproofing were developed, tested, and optimized. After developed methods were implemented in the field, Pearson's correlation tests were conducted to compare ecoacoustic index performance to traditional biodiversity indices. We found five significant correlations, all of which occurred at our Mississippi site, and all but one of which were negative correlations. Ecoacoustic indices performed best when correlated with order richness. Significance present in our study shows potential for ecoacoustics as a non-destructive method to study saproxylic arthropods, but methods still have room for improvement to optimize field application.
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Developmentally programmed cell death of the intersegmental muscles of Manduca sexta: Emphasis on polyubiquitin expressionMyer, Anita 01 January 1994 (has links)
The intersegmental muscles (ISMs) of the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta, undergo two periods of developmentally programmed cell death. The first period occurs during the larval/pupal transition where half of the ISMs die and the remainder persist throughout pupal development until death upon eclosion of the adult. Both periods of ISM death employ much of the same molecular machinery even though the endocrine cues for the degeneration process is different for each period of muscle death. A gene that is dramatically increased in its expression during both periods of ISM death is polyubiquitin. This gene has been isolated and characterized in this research. Despite a large amount of allelic heterogeneity in the population, it has been determined that not only is this gene increased in response to developmental cues, but that its transcript is also increased in response to stress. Therefore, polyubiquitin is multifaceted in its regulation. Due to the diverse transcriptional regulation of this gene, it was determined to be a good candidate in which to develop a method to introduce promoter/reporter constructs into the ISMs of the hawkmoth. Even though this research does not conclusively demonstrate that reporter activity after transfection of the promoter/reporter constructs is due to the polyubiquitin promoter, the research does demonstrate that DNA mediated transfection of insect muscle tissue can be achieved. Read more
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Seasonal, habitat, and stress-related responses of insects in cold environments.Spacht, Drew Evan January 2020 (has links)
No description available.
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Approaches towards a critical evaluation and update of the red list of South African ButterfliesBall, Johathan Bradford 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScConsEcol (Conservation Ecology and Entomology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Using the World Conservation Union’s (formerly the International Union for the Conservation of Nature) IUCN 2001 categories and criteria, the conservation status of the South African butterfly fauna has been reassessed. This study includes an assessment of the 62 globally threatened South African taxa and 1 that has a marginal distribution in this region.
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