Les avancées technologiques ont permis le stockage de grandes masses de données en termes de taille (nombre d’observations) et de dimensions (nombre de variables).Ces données nécessitent de nouvelles méthodes, notamment en modélisation prédictive (data science ou science des données), de traitement statistique adaptées à leurs caractéristiques. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement aux données dont le nombre de variables est élevé comparé au nombre d’observations.Pour ces données, une réduction du nombre de variables initiales, donc de dimensions, par la sélection d’un sous-ensemble optimal, s’avère nécessaire, voire indispensable.Elle permet de réduire la complexité, de comprendre la structure des données et d’améliorer l’interprétation des résultats et les performances du modèle de prédiction ou de classement en éliminant les variables bruit et/ou redondantes.Nous nous intéressons plus précisément à la sélection de variables dans le cadre de l’apprentissage supervisé et plus spécifiquement de la discrimination à catégories multiples dite multi-classes. L’objectif est de proposer de nouvelles méthodes de sélection de variables pour les modèles de discrimination multi-classes appelés Machines à Vecteurs Support Multiclasses (MSVM).Deux approches sont proposées dans ce travail. La première, présentée dans un contexte classique, consiste à sélectionner le sous-ensemble optimal de variables en utilisant le critère de "la borne rayon marge" majorante du risque de généralisation des MSVM. Quant à la deuxième approche, elle s’inscrit dans un contexte topologique et utilise la notion de graphes de voisinage et le critère de degré d’équivalence topologique en discrimination pour identifier les variables pertinentes qui constituent le sous-ensemble optimal du modèle MSVM.L’évaluation de ces deux approches sur des données simulées et d’autres réelles montre qu’elles permettent de sélectionner, à partir d’un grand nombre de variables initiales, un nombre réduit de variables explicatives avec des performances similaires ou encore meilleures que celles obtenues par des méthodes concurrentes. / The technological progress has allowed the storage of large amounts of data in terms of size (number of observations) and dimensions (number of variables). These data require new methods, especially for predictive modeling (data science), of statistical processing adapted to their characteristics. In this thesis, we are particularly interested in the data with large numberof variables compared to the number of observations.For these data, reducing the number of initial variables, hence dimensions, by selecting an optimal subset is necessary, even imperative. It reduces the complexity, helps to understand the data structure, improves the interpretation of the results and especially enhances the performance of the forecasting model by eliminating redundant and / or noise variables.More precisely, we are interested in the selection of variables in the context of supervised learning, specifically of multiclass discrimination. The objective is to propose some new methods of variable selection for multiclass discriminant models called Multiclass Support Vector Machines (MSVM).Two approaches are proposed in this work. The first one, presented in a classical context, consist in selecting the optimal subset of variables using the radius margin upper bound of the generalization error of MSVM. The second one, proposed in a topological context, uses the concepts of neighborhood graphs and the degree of topological equivalence in discriminationto identify the relevant variables and to select the optimal subset for an MSVM model.The evaluation of these two approaches on simulated and real data shows that they can select from a large number of initial variables, a reduced number providing equal or better performance than those obtained by competing methods.

Le sujet de ce travail de thèse est l’application de la méthode de caractéristiques longues (MOC) pour résoudre l’équation du transport des neutrons pour des géométries à trois dimensions extrudées. Les avantages du MOC sont sa précision et son adaptabilité, le point faible était la quantité de ressources de calcul requises. Ce problème est même plus important pour des géométries à trois dimensions ou le nombre d’inconnues du problème est de l’ordre de la centaine de millions pour des calculs d’assemblage.La première partie de la recherche a été dédiée au développement des techniques optimisées pour le traçage et la reconstruction à-la-volé des trajectoires. Ces méthodes profitent des régularités des géométries extrudées et ont permis une forte réduction de l’empreinte mémoire et une réduction des temps de calcul. La convergence du schéma itératif a été accélérée par un opérateur de transport dégradé (DPN) qui est utilisé pour initialiser les inconnues de l’algorithme itératif and pour la solution du problème synthétique au cours des itérations MOC. Les algorithmes pour la construction et la solution des opérateurs MOC et DPN ont été accélérés en utilisant des méthodes de parallélisation à mémoire partagée qui sont le plus adaptés pour des machines de bureau et pour des clusters de calcul. Une partie importante de cette recherche a été dédiée à l’implémentation des méthodes d’équilibrage la charge pour améliorer l’efficacité du parallélisme. La convergence des formules de quadrature pour des cas 3D extrudé a aussi été explorée. Certaines formules profitent de couts négligeables du traitement des directions azimutales et de la direction verticale pour accélérer l’algorithme. La validation de l’algorithme du MOC a été faite par des comparaisons avec une solution de référence calculée par un solveur Monte Carlo avec traitement continu de l’énergie. Pour cette comparaison on propose un couplage entre le MOC et la méthode des Sous-Groupes pour prendre en compte les effets des résonances des sections efficaces. Le calcul complet d’un assemblage de réacteur rapide avec interface fertile/fissile nécessite 2 heures d’exécution avec des erreurs de quelque pcm par rapport à la solution de référence.On propose aussi une approximation d’ordre supérieur du MOC basée sur une expansion axiale polynomiale du flux dans chaque maille. Cette méthode permet une réduction du nombre de mailles (et d’inconnues) tout en gardant la même précision.Toutes les méthodes développées dans ce travail de thèse ont été implémentées dans la version APOLLO3 du solveur de transport TDT. / The topic of our research is the application of the Method of Long Characteristics (MOC) to solve the Neutron Transport Equation in three-dimensional axial geometries. The strength of the MOC is in its precision and versatility. As a drawback, it requires a large amount of computational resources. This problem is even more severe in three-dimensional geometries, for which unknowns reach the order of tens of billions for assembly-level calculations.The first part of the research has dealt with the development of optimized tracking and reconstruction techniques which take advantage of the regularities of three-dimensional axial geometries. These methods have allowed a strong reduction of the memory requirements and a reduction of the execution time of the MOC calculation.The convergence of the iterative scheme has been accelerated with a lower-order transport operator (DPN) which is used for the initialization of the solution and for solving the synthetic problem during MOC iterations.The algorithms for the construction and solution of the MOC and DPN operators have been accelerated by using shared-memory parallel paradigms which are more suitable for standard desktop working stations. An important part of this research has been devoted to the implementation of scheduling techniques to improve the parallel efficiency.The convergence of the angular quadrature formula for three-dimensional cases is also studied. Some of these formulas take advantage of the reduced computational costs of the treatment of planar directions and the vertical direction to speed up the algorithm.The verification of the MOC solver has been done by comparing results with continuous-in-energy Monte Carlo calculations. For this purpose a coupling of the 3D MOC solver with the Subgroup method is proposed to take into account the effects of cross sections resonances. The full calculation of a FBR assembly requires about 2 hours of execution time with differences of few PCM with respect to the reference results.We also propose a higher order scheme of the MOC solver based on an axial polynomial expansion of the unknown within each mesh. This method allows the reduction of the meshes (and unknowns) by keeping the same precision.All the methods developed in this thesis have been implemented in the APOLLO3 version of the neutron transport solver TDT.

Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2006.

The subject of this thesis is Emile Zola’s novel Thérèse Raquin (1867). The principal aim is to examine lexical repetitions and their importance for semantic networks. The thesis studies the use of the noun cou and certain of its co-occurrences, as well as the use of colours and their derivatives. Employing the methods of Greimas and Rastier, the study is based upon two analyses, one narratological and the other thematic, an approach which allows us not only to study the importance of lexical repetitions, but also to study another aspect of the writing, Zola’s various sources of inspiration. This approach aids in showing the stylistic profile of the novel from a new perspective. Our second aim concerns the Swedish translations of the text. The degree of equivalence of lexical repetitions and their transmission has been studied in three versions (Wilson, 1884, Bjurman, 1911, and Bouleau, 1953). Our analysis draws on Berman’s and Heldner’s ideas about the critical evaluation of translated literary texts. The results of this thesis show that Zola, in Thérèse Raquin, uses lexical repetitions to create a stylistic effect that not only draws inspiration from literary and artistic sources, but that is also inspired by real events of the time. These stylistic properties, such as the system of colour leitmotivs, must be conveyed in a translation that is to be considered faithful to the original. The findings of this study suggest that there is a dependency between two of the examined versions and that it would be desirable to produce a new Swedish translation of the novel, equivalent to Zola’s text. / Le roman Thérèse Raquin (1867) d’Émile Zola est l’objet d’étude de la présente thèse. Le premier but est d’y examiner des répétitions lexicales et leur importance pour des réseaux sémantiques. Nous y étudions l’emploi du nom cou et certaines de ses co-occurrences, ainsi que des couleurs et leurs dérivés présents. Suivant des méthodes de Greimas et Rastier, l’étude s’effectue au moyen de deux analyses, l’une narratologique, l’autre thématique, ce qui nous permet non seulement d’examiner l’importance des répétitions lexicales, mais aussi d’étudier un aspect supplémentaire de l’écriture, les diverses sources d’inspiration de Zola. Cette approche contribue à montrer, dans une perspective nouvelle, le profil stylistique du roman. Notre deuxième but concerne des traductions suédoises du texte. Dans trois versions (Wilson, 1884, Bjurman, 1911, et Bouleau, 1953), est évalué le degré d’équivalence des répétitions lexicales et la transmission des répétitions lexicales examinées. Pour notre analyse, nous nous servons des idées de Berman et de Heldner, qui traitent le sujet d’évaluation critique de textes littéraires traduits.  Les résultats de la présente thèse montrent que Zola, dans Thérèse Raquin, utilise les répétitions lexicales pour créer un effet de style qui puise son inspiration non seulement dans des sources littéraires et artistiques, mais aussi dans des événements de la réalité de son époque. Ces propriétés stylistiques, comme la systématique des leitmotivs des couleurs, doivent être rendues dans une traduction censée être fidèle à l’original. Les analyses de notre étude évoquent qu’il y a une dépendance entre deux des versions examinées et qu’il est souhaitable de produire une nouvelle traduction suédoise du roman, équivalente au texte de Zola.

Cette dissertation se divise en deux parties, distinctes mais connexes, qui sont le reflet de la cotutelle. Nous étudions et résolvons des problèmes concernant d'une part la combinatoire des mots dans un contexte abélien et d'autre part des problèmes de couverture dans des graphes. Chaque question fait l'objet d'un chapitre. En combinatoire des mots, le premier problème considéré s'intéresse à la régularité des suites au sens défini par Allouche et Shallit. Nous montrons qu'une suite qui satisfait une certaine propriété de symétrie est 2-régulière. Ensuite, nous appliquons ce théorème pour montrer que les fonctions de complexité 2-abélienne du mot de Thue--Morse ainsi que du mot appelé ''period-doubling'' sont 2-régulières. Les calculs et arguments développés dans ces démonstrations s'inscrivent dans un schéma plus général que nous espérons pouvoir utiliser à nouveau pour prouver d'autres résultats de régularité. Le deuxième problème poursuit le développement de la notion de mot de retour abélien introduite par Puzynina et Zamboni. Nous obtenons une caractérisation des mots sturmiens avec un intercepte non nul en termes du cardinal (fini ou non) de l'ensemble des mots de retour abélien par rapport à tous les préfixes. Nous décrivons cet ensemble pour Fibonacci ainsi que pour Thue--Morse (bien que cela ne soit pas un mot sturmien). Nous étudions la relation existante entre la complexité abélienne et le cardinal de cet ensemble. En théorie des graphes, le premier problème considéré traite des codes identifiants dans les graphes. Ces codes ont été introduits par Karpovsky, Chakrabarty et Levitin pour modéliser un problème de détection de défaillance dans des réseaux multiprocesseurs. Le rapport entre la taille optimale d'un code identifiant et la taille optimale du relâchement fractionnaire d'un code identifiant est comprise entre 1 et 2 ln(|V|)+1 où V est l'ensemble des sommets du graphe. Nous nous concentrons sur les graphes sommet-transitifs, car nous pouvons y calculer précisément la solution fractionnaire. Nous exhibons des familles infinies, appelées quadrangles généralisés, de graphes sommet-transitifs pour lesquelles les solutions entière et fractionnaire sont de l'ordre |V|^k avec k dans {1/4, 1/3, 2/5}. Le second problème concerne les (r,a,b)-codes couvrants de la grille infinie déjà étudiés par Axenovich et Puzynina. Nous introduisons la notion de 2-coloriages constants de graphes pondérés et nous les étudions dans le cas de quatre cycles pondérés particuliers. Nous présentons une méthode permettant de lier ces 2-coloriages aux codes couvrants. Enfin, nous déterminons les valeurs exactes des constantes a et b de tout (r,a,b)-code couvrant de la grille infinie avec |a-b|>4. Il s'agit d'une extension d'un théorème d'Axenovich. / This dissertation is divided into two (distinct but connected) parts that reflect the joint PhD. We study and we solve several questions regarding on the one hand combinatorics on words in an abelian context and on the other hand covering problems in graphs. Each particular problem is the topic of a chapter. In combinatorics on words, the first problem considered focuses on the 2-regularity of sequences in the sense of Allouche and Shallit. We prove that a sequence satisfying a certain symmetry property is 2-regular. Then we apply this theorem to show that the 2-abelian complexity functions of the Thue--Morse word and the period-doubling word are 2-regular. The computation and arguments leading to these results fit into a quite general scheme that we hope can be used again to prove additional regularity results. The second question concerns the notion of return words up to abelian equivalence, introduced by Puzynina and Zamboni. We obtain a characterization of Sturmian words with non-zero intercept in terms of the finiteness of the set of abelian return words to all prefixes. We describe this set of abelian returns for the Fibonacci word but also for the Thue-Morse word (which is not Sturmian). We investigate the relationship existing between the abelian complexity and the finiteness of this set. In graph theory, the first problem considered deals with identifying codes in graphs. These codes were introduced by Karpovsky, Chakrabarty and Levitin to model fault-diagnosis in multiprocessor systems. The ratio between the optimal size of an identifying code and the optimal size of a fractional relaxation of an identifying code is between 1 and 2 ln(|V|)+1 where V is the vertex set of the graph. We focus on vertex-transitive graphs, since we can compute the exact fractional solution for them. We exhibit infinite families, called generalized quadrangles, of vertex-transitive graphs with integer and fractional identifying codes of order |V|^k with k in {1/4,1/3,2/5}. The second problem concerns (r,a,b)-covering codes of the infinite grid already studied by Axenovich and Puzynina. We introduce the notion of constant 2-labellings of weighted graphs and study them in four particular weighted cycles. We present a method to link these labellings with covering codes. Finally, we determine the precise values of the constants a and b of any (r,a,b)-covering code of the infinite grid with |a-b|>4. This is an extension of a theorem of Axenovich.

An understanding of compartment fire behaviour is important for fire protection engineers. For design purposes, whether to use a prescriptive code or performance based design, life safety and property protection issues are required to be assessed. The use of design fires in computer modelling is the general method to determine fire safety. However these computer models are generally limited to the input of one design fire, with consideration of the complex interaction between fuel packages and the compartment environment being simplified. Of particular interest is the Heat Release Rate, HRR, as this is the commonly prescribed design parameter for fire modelling. If the HRR is not accurate then it can be subsequently argued that the design scenario may be flawed. Therefore the selection of the most appropriate fire design scenario is critical, and an increased level of understanding of compartment behaviour is an invaluable aid to fire engineering assumptions. This thesis details an experimental study to enhance the understanding of the impact and interaction that the size and location of pool fires within an enclosure have upon the compartment fire behaviour. Thirty four experiments were conducted in a reduced scale compartment (½ height) with dimensions of 3.6m long by 2.4m wide by 1.2m high using five typical ventilation geometries (fully open, soffit, door, window and small window). Heptane pool fires were used, located in permutations of three evenly distributed locations within the compartment (rear, centre and front) as well as larger equivalent area pans located only in the centre. This thesis describes the experimental development, setup and results of the experimental study. To assist in the classification of compartment fire behaviour during the experiments, a ‘phi’ meter was developed to measure the time dependent equivalence ratio. The phi meter was developed and configured to measure O₂, CO₂ and CO. The background development, calibration, and experimental results are reported. A review of compartment fire modelling using Fire Dynamics Simulator, has also been completed and the results discussed. The results of this experimental study were found to have significant implications for Fire Safety Engineering in that the size of the fire is not as significant as the location of the fire. The effect of a fire near the vent opening was found to have a significant impact on compartment fire behaviour with the vent located fuel source increasing the total compartment heat release rate by a factor of 1.7 to that of a centrally placed pool fire of the same total fuel area. The assumption that a fire located in the centre of the room provides for the highest heat release rate is not valid for post-flashover compartment fires. The phi meter was found to provide good agreement with the equivalence ratio calculated from total compartment mass loss rates, and the results of FDS modelling indicate that the use of the model in its current form can not be applied to complex pool fire geometries.

Pour étudier les déformations permanentes des enrobés bitumineux, la division SMIT du LCPC a mis au point un essai triaxial thermorégulé à pression de confinement constante. Un important travail de mise au point de l'essai et de vérification des mesures a été réalisé. Une première campagne expérimentale, portant sur des essais de fluage à contrainte imposée, a permis d'étudier l'influence des paramètres pression de confinement, déviateur de contraintes et température sur le comportement des enrobés bitumineux sous chargement statique. Ces essais ont, de plus, permis de valider le principe d'équivalence temps température en grandes déformations, avec confinement. Un modèle élasto-visco-plastique, permettant de prendre en compte l'application d'une pression de confinement, a été développé pour simuler les essais de fluage. Son principe est basé sur les observations expérimentales. Les applications visées sont l'étude de structures bitumineuses telles que les plates-formes industrielles ou aires de stationnement. Une deuxième campagne d'essais de compression cyclique sinusoïdale a ensuite été menée. Lors de ces essais, on mesure : les déformations cycliques, de l'ordre de 10-4m/m, qui nous permettent d'obtenir des informations sur l'évolution de la rigidité du matériau (module complexe et coefficient de Poisson) et les déformations permanentes, de l'ordre de 10-2m/m, qui donnent des informations sur la résistance à l'orniérage. L'influence des paramètres pression de confinement, température et fréquence a été étudiée. Des différences importantes de comportement ont été mises en évidence entre les essais statiques et cycliques, liées à la variation cyclique des contraintes.

The information technology industry is considered to be one of the most demanding industries, with significant social, physical and psychological consequences for the wellbeing of the information technology professional. Work wellness and general psychological well-being plays an important role in the well-being of the information technology professional. The measurement of work-related wellness requires valid, reliable and culturally fair measuring instruments. However research on work wellness and occupational well-being in South Africa is lacking, especially in the information technology context. A lack of norms for work-related wellness in South Africa makes the identification of work-related wellness in the information technology industry difficult. Consequently, investigating the reliability, validity, equivalence and bias of work-related well-being measuring instruments would result in the standardisation of work wellness (consisting of burnout and engagement) and occupational well-being, suitable for use in the multicultural information technology industry setting. Moreover, the operationalisation of work wellness, as well as an inclusive model regarding the work-related wellness of information technology professionals that includes work wellness and occupational wellbeing are lacking in the South African literature. The objectives of this research were to standardise the measurement of work wellness for information technology professionals in South Africa, to develop and test a model of occupational well-being for information technology professionals in South Africa, to develop and test a comprehensive model of work-related wellness for information technology professionals in South Africa (consisting of work wellness and occupational well-being), and to test for moderating effects of affectivity in the experience of mark related well-being of information technology professionals in South Africa. The research consists of three separate articles, each consisting of a brief literature overview and an empirical study. A cross-sectional survey design with a snowball sample (n = 214) of information technology professionals in South Africa was used. Adapted versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) and Gtrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), as well as the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Affectometer 2 (AFM-2), Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R), Organisational Commitment Questionnaire (OC-Q), Information Technology Job Characteristics Inventory (ITJCI), as well as the Health scale of the Organisational Screening Evaluation Tool (ASSET) and a biographical questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlations, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed a two-factor model for the MBI-GS consisting of a combined Burnout factor and Professional Efficacy, while a one-factor model was found for the UWES, namely Engagement, with acceptable internal consistencies. Exploratory second-order factor analysis confirmed a two-factor, culturally fair model of work wellness for information technology professionals in South Africa, consisting of burnout and work engagement. Item bias analysis revealed no evidence of bias for the MBI-GS, while uniform bias was found for two items (Items 7 and 12) of the UWES. Construct equivalence in terms of work wellness was obtained for the different language groups in the sample. The results confirmed a four-factor model of occupational well-being for information technology professionals in South Africa, namely negative and positive work wellness, organisational commitment and general psychological well-being. The model of occupational well-being was found to be equivalent across language groups, except for general psychological well-being, which seemed to differ for the non-mother-tongue English language speakers. In terms of work-related wellness, a model consisting of work wellness and occupational well-being was constructed and uccessfully tested. Structural equation analysis confirmed main effects for negative affectivity in terms of burnout and engagement, while main effects were confirmed for burnout, ill-health and engagement in terms of positive affectivity. Interaction effects for affectivity were not confirmed in the model of work-related wellness of information technology professionals in South Africa. Recommendations for the organisation and future research were made / Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2006.

The information technology industry is considered to be one of the most demanding industries, with significant social, physical and psychological consequences for the wellbeing of the information technology professional. Work wellness and general psychological well-being plays an important role in the well-being of the information technology professional. The measurement of work-related wellness requires valid, reliable and culturally fair measuring instruments. However research on work wellness and occupational well-being in South Africa is lacking, especially in the information technology context. A lack of norms for work-related wellness in South Africa makes the identification of work-related wellness in the information technology industry difficult. Consequently, investigating the reliability, validity, equivalence and bias of work-related well-being measuring instruments would result in the standardisation of work wellness (consisting of burnout and engagement) and occupational well-being, suitable for use in the multicultural information technology industry setting. Moreover, the operationalisation of work wellness, as well as an inclusive model regarding the work-related wellness of information technology professionals that includes work wellness and occupational wellbeing are lacking in the South African literature. The objectives of this research were to standardise the measurement of work wellness for information technology professionals in South Africa, to develop and test a model of occupational well-being for information technology professionals in South Africa, to develop and test a comprehensive model of work-related wellness for information technology professionals in South Africa (consisting of work wellness and occupational well-being), and to test for moderating effects of affectivity in the experience of mark related well-being of information technology professionals in South Africa. The research consists of three separate articles, each consisting of a brief literature overview and an empirical study. A cross-sectional survey design with a snowball sample (n = 214) of information technology professionals in South Africa was used. Adapted versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) and Gtrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), as well as the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Affectometer 2 (AFM-2), Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R), Organisational Commitment Questionnaire (OC-Q), Information Technology Job Characteristics Inventory (ITJCI), as well as the Health scale of the Organisational Screening Evaluation Tool (ASSET) and a biographical questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlations, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed a two-factor model for the MBI-GS consisting of a combined Burnout factor and Professional Efficacy, while a one-factor model was found for the UWES, namely Engagement, with acceptable internal consistencies. Exploratory second-order factor analysis confirmed a two-factor, culturally fair model of work wellness for information technology professionals in South Africa, consisting of burnout and work engagement. Item bias analysis revealed no evidence of bias for the MBI-GS, while uniform bias was found for two items (Items 7 and 12) of the UWES. Construct equivalence in terms of work wellness was obtained for the different language groups in the sample. The results confirmed a four-factor model of occupational well-being for information technology professionals in South Africa, namely negative and positive work wellness, organisational commitment and general psychological well-being. The model of occupational well-being was found to be equivalent across language groups, except for general psychological well-being, which seemed to differ for the non-mother-tongue English language speakers. In terms of work-related wellness, a model consisting of work wellness and occupational well-being was constructed and uccessfully tested. Structural equation analysis confirmed main effects for negative affectivity in terms of burnout and engagement, while main effects were confirmed for burnout, ill-health and engagement in terms of positive affectivity. Interaction effects for affectivity were not confirmed in the model of work-related wellness of information technology professionals in South Africa. Recommendations for the organisation and future research were made / Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2006.

La presente tesis consta de dos partes principales. En la primera se pretende definir y delimitar el concepto de marcador estructural como herramienta de análisis textual aplicada a la traducción poética. Tras una aproximación a la especificidad del texto poético, y tras repasar las principales aportaciones teóricas a la traducción poética, identificamos los marcadores estructurales con los rasgos estilísticos que marcan el armazón semántico del texto.Posteriormente, se aplica el análisis basado en los marcadores estructurales a 21 poemas de Philip Larkin, seleccionados por temas. El producto práctico de este análisis es la traducción al castellano de cada poema, acompañada de un mapa donde figuran los rasgos que forman la estructura; y el producto teórico una caracterización estilística de la poesía de Larkin, representada en un mapa donde figuran sus principales rasgos estilístico. También se aporta un esbozo de crítica de la traducción basado en dicha herramienta. / This dissertation consists of two parts. The first one is an attempt to define and delimit the concept of structural marker as a tool of text analysis applied to poetic translation. After dealing with the specificity of the poetic text and re-examining the main theories about poetic translation, structural markers are identified with the stylistic features that mark the semantic frame of the text.Afterwards, we apply the analysis based on the structural markers to 21 poems by Philip Larkin, put into groups by themes. The practical outcome of this analysis the translation to Spanish of this poems, accompanied with a map where the main structural features can be seen; and the theoretical outcome is a stylistic characterisation of Larkin's poetry, which we represent in a stylistic map.We also find an outline of translation criticism based in this tool called structural marker.