In 1953, two individuals were excavated in Erik XIII’s alley, Visby, Gotland. After the excavation, the individuals did not undergo an osteological examination and were preserved for several years by the Gotland Museum. These two individuals were selected for this thesis to undergo an osteological analysis. The purpose of the essay was to identify and investigate the two individuals from Erik XIII's alley and illuminate the Viking age of Visby. A spatial analysis of Erik XIII's alley and the surrounding environment was carried out, to emphasize Visby’s Viking-age. Erik XIII's alley is in the northern part of Visby's inner city and is within walking distance of the two largest Viking-era burial grounds in Visby, Kopparsvik and Gustavsvik. Individual 1, who was judged to be a man, was approximately 182cm tall and was between 33-45 years old when he died. Individual 2 was judged to be a probable man and was between 17-25 at the time of his death and had an approximate length of 173cm. The individuals have only two common pathologies, which are osteophytes and tartar. Individual 2 had significantly fewer pathologies than individual 1, which may be a side effect of the age difference between them. In individual 1, enthesopathies were also identified, which were roughly consistent throughout the body, ligamente flava, pitting and osteoarthritis. Individual 2 showed changes from two different deficiency diseases, cribra orbitalia and enamel hypoplasia. The discussion is divided into three parts that emphasize the individuals, the comparison with other Viking-era individuals on Gotland and the spatial context. The individuals' pathologies are discussed, and possible interpretations of the individuals are presented. When the individuals from Erik XIII's alley are compared to other Viking-age individuals who have undergone osteological examinations, the result mainly varies. In the spatial context, possible interpretations of the graves are presented, which consist of an additional burial ground with different interpretations, as a burial ground for the king's company, or simple farm burials.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur omsorgspersonal inom äldreomsorgen upplever äldres behov av samtalsstöd. Metoden som har använts är kvalitativ i form av individuella semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex informanter som arbetar som omsorgspersonal inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som har tillämpats är socialkonstruktionism samt Erik Homburger Eriksons teori om människans livsstadier. Resultatet av studien visar att det enligt omsorgspersonalen finns ett samtalsbehov hos brukare inom äldreomsorgen som inte alltid kan tillgodoses idag på grund av omsorgspersonalens tidsbrist samt avsaknad av kompetens i att möta djupa frågor. Kuratorer inom äldreomsorgen skulle kunna bidra med samtalsstöd för äldre samt vara ett stöd för anhöriga och personal. Resultatet antyder till att behovet av kuratorer inom äldreomsorgen kommer att öka. Framtidens äldre förmodas ställa mer krav än de gör idag på att få samtalsstöd eftersom denna insats blir högre och mer accepterad i samhället. / This study aims to examine how professionals in care for older people experience older people´s needs of counselling in grievous life questions. A qualitative method has been chosen in the form of individual semi-structured interviews with six care workers in municipal care for older people. The theoretical bases which have been applied are social constructionism and Erik Homburger Erikson's theory: Stages of Psychosocial Development. The result of the study shows that older people in care for older people sometimes are in need of counselling. These needs are not always fulfilled today because of the care workers lack of time and expertise in facing grievous life questions. Counsellors in care for older people are presumed to increase because older people in the future will make more demands and also will find it more natural in life crisis to talk to a counsellor.

M.A. / Identity development has a definite influence on a broad spectrum of developmental domains. This study focuses on specific domains such as student- and career development as facilitating structures from which the formation of a personal identity can be studied and understood. The purpose of this study is to undertake a descriptive investigation into the process of identity development during the late adolescent and early adulthood phases of college students. This developmental process has a definite influence on student development within aspects such as career maturity, intimacy and interpersonal relationships. These aspects' relevance to identity formation is also highlighted. This study utilises theories such as the psychosocial developmental perspective of Erik H. Erikson to investigate the purpose of a variety of factors within the sphere of student and career development. The test sample consisted of 78 students between the ages of 18 and 27 years from the Park Town Tertiary College. The following questionnaires were completed: the Extended Version of the Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status Questionnaire (EOM-EIS); the Career Development Questionnaire (CDQ) and the Student Developmental Task and Lifestyle Inventory (SDTLI). Taking the descriptive quality of this study in consideration, the statistical techniques used in the analysis of the quantitative data included canonical correlation analysis. The study concentrated on possible interventions and recommendations that takes the influence of identity developmental processes and career maturity in consideration with issues such as curriculum compilations, teaching methods and tertiary educational systems.

Work process for the production of the short film ÄLGEN (2019); Technical aspects and thematics. Film synopsis: Two animals trying to entertain at a forest zoo get humiliated and decide to run away in search of freedom. At the same time a mysterious shadow haunts the countryside and a national symbol becomes an idol of worship. A short film about national identity, freedom, climate and dancing animals. Graduation project, MFA degree , Konstfack, Stockholm. 2019

No description available.

A identidade formal pode ser apontada como a alma da arquitetura. Em diversas obras recentes a arquitetura tem sido concebida como uma forma que se define, entre outras razões, pela relação com o contexto. Uma relação que busca diferenciação, por contraste ou por neutralidade, um procedimento básico na arquitetura. Por outro lado, pode haver diferenciação sem relação com o contexto. Pode contrastar sem estabelecer qualquer relação cujo sentido deixa de se referir ao objeto e seu contexto, mas a outro ente de razão a ser representado na materialidade do objeto. Reconhecendo a dualidade que há na natureza das relações formais, particularmente a que se refere à articulação entre aspectos convencionais e contingentes na obtenção de uma síntese formal, explora-se essa dualidade para a compreensão da relação entre forma e contexto, tendo como critério legitimador o conceito de consistência formal. Para se aprimorar essa abordagem foi preciso compreender melhor a dualidade do conceito de forma, sua origem e seu desenvolvimento que culmina com a modernidade. Para verificação empírica, a abordagem foi aplicada aos projetos apresentados em dois concursos internacionais de projeto: o Museu da Imagem e do Som do Rio de Janeiro e a Ampliação da Biblioteca de Estocolmo, nos quais os distintos contextos eram especialmente significativos. Foi possível identificar e distinguir projetos nos quais a forma, independentemente de sua excepcionalidade, pôde ser relacionada aos elementos intrínsecos dos projetos, assim como projetos em que a forma não se relacionava aos aspectos da constituição do objeto. Pôde-se confirmar a relação entre forma e contexto como dualidade entre aspectos convencionais e contingentes, os quais puderam ser legitimados pelo critério da consistência formal. Um aspecto básico para a identidade visual da arquitetura, em última instância. / Formal identity can be regarded as the soul of architecture. In several recent works the architecture has been conceived as a form that is defined, among other reasons, by the relation with the context. A relationship that seeks differentiation, by contrast or by neutrality, a basic procedure in architecture. On the other hand, there can be differentiation unrelated to context. It can contrast without establishing any relation, whose meaning ceases to refer to the object and its context, but to another being of reason to be represented in the materiality of the object. Recognizing the duality in the nature of formal relations, particularly the one that refers to the articulation between conventional and contingent aspects in obtaining a formal synthesis, this duality is explored in order to understand the relation between form and context, having the legitimating criterion concept of formal consistency. In order to improve this approach, it was necessary to better understand the duality of the concept of form, its origin and its development, culminating with modernity. For empirical verification, the approach was applied to the projects presented in two international design contests: the Rio de Janeiro Image and Sound Museum and the Stockholm Library Enlargement, in which the different contexts were especially significant. It was possible to identify and distinguish projects in which form, regardless of its exceptionality, could be related to the intrinsic elements of the projects, as well as projects in which the form was not related to the aspects of the constitution of the object. It was possible to confirm the relation between form and context as a duality between conventional and contingent aspects, which could be legitimized by the criterion of formal consistency. A basic aspect for the visual identity of the architecture, ultimately.

<p>Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera beteende hos lead users angående deras förvaring och</p><p>konsumtion av kaffe. Genom att göra en jämförelse med icke lead users har vi undersökt</p><p>om lead users uppvisar ett avvikande beteende. Vi har även utifrån svaren kunnat ge</p><p>förslag på lösningar om hur kaffeförvaring kan utformas och förbättras.</p><p>Utifrån 40 intervjuer med kaffekonsumenter har vi försökt urskilja lead users. Vi har</p><p>utgått från en modell som vi utvecklat tillsammans och som bygger på tidigare teorier. Vi</p><p>har poängsatt alla frågor och multiplicerat med viktningsgraden. Utifrån de summor vi</p><p>fick delade vi in grupperna i lead users och icke lead users. Gruppen emellan valde vi att</p><p>kalla gråzon.</p><p>Genom undersökningen har vi kommit fram till att det förekommer ett avvikande</p><p>beteende hos lead users. Lead users har ett utpräglat intresse för kaffe, kaffevaror samt</p><p>originalitet. De har ofta fler egna och unika idéer än icke lead users. Lead users har dock</p><p>de mest svårimplementerade idéerna och lösningarna. Icke lead users har inte ett</p><p>utpräglat intresse för kaffe och inte heller några idéer eller lösningar kring kaffeförvaring.</p><p>De som hamnade i vår gråzon är oftast personer med kaffeintresse men inga idéer kring</p><p>kaffeförvaring eller inget kaffeintresse men idéer som kan vara användbara.</p><p>Utifrån svaren har vi funnit att många skulle vilja se mindre kaffeförpackningar i en</p><p>större förpackning. Någon form av återförslutning har många önskat, t ex en plastremsa</p><p>som gör att man lätt kan stänga förpackningen. Vi har även funnit att många förvarar sitt</p><p>kaffe i en kaffeburk. För att aromen och smakämnena skall bevaras på bästa sätt skall inte</p><p>kaffet tas ur sin förpackning och därför anser vi att kafferosterier förslagsvis kan sälja</p><p>kaffeburkarna som en kringprodukt i livsmedelsbutikerna.</p> / <p>The aim with the essay is to study behavior of lead users concerning their storing and</p><p>consumption of coffee. By comparing lead users with non lead we will see if there is a</p><p>deviating behavior. On the basis of the research we can give solutions to how coffee</p><p>storing can be formulated and improved.</p><p>On the basis of 40 interviews with coffee consumers we have tried to distinguish lead</p><p>users. In doing so we started with a model that we developed together and that builds on</p><p>earlier theories. We have scored all questions and multiplied with the weighting degree.</p><p>On the basis of those totals, we divided the groups in lead users and non lead users. The</p><p>interviewees that didn’t fall into these categories we put in a group called the grey zone.</p><p>Through the survey we noticed a deviating behavior of lead users. Lead users have a</p><p>pronounced interest for coffee, coffee products and originality. They often have more of</p><p>their own and unique ideas than non lead users. However lead users have the most</p><p>difficult implemented ideas and solutions. Non lead users do not have a pronounced</p><p>interest for coffee and neither ideas or solutions around coffee storing. Those in our grey</p><p>zone are most often persons with coffee interests but no ideas around coffee storing, or no</p><p>coffee interest but ideas that can prove to be applicable.</p><p>On the basis of our research we found that many would like to see smaller coffee</p><p>packaging within a bigger package. Many also desired some type of resealable package,</p><p>perhaps a plastic zip lock that makes the package easy to reseal. We have also found that</p><p>many users stored their coffee in a coffee tin. In order to best preserve the aroma and</p><p>taste, the coffee should not be taken out of its packaging. Therefore we suggest that</p><p>coffee roasters sell the coffee tins as an accessory product in the food markets.</p>

Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera beteende hos lead users angående deras förvaring och konsumtion av kaffe. Genom att göra en jämförelse med icke lead users har vi undersökt om lead users uppvisar ett avvikande beteende. Vi har även utifrån svaren kunnat ge förslag på lösningar om hur kaffeförvaring kan utformas och förbättras. Utifrån 40 intervjuer med kaffekonsumenter har vi försökt urskilja lead users. Vi har utgått från en modell som vi utvecklat tillsammans och som bygger på tidigare teorier. Vi har poängsatt alla frågor och multiplicerat med viktningsgraden. Utifrån de summor vi fick delade vi in grupperna i lead users och icke lead users. Gruppen emellan valde vi att kalla gråzon. Genom undersökningen har vi kommit fram till att det förekommer ett avvikande beteende hos lead users. Lead users har ett utpräglat intresse för kaffe, kaffevaror samt originalitet. De har ofta fler egna och unika idéer än icke lead users. Lead users har dock de mest svårimplementerade idéerna och lösningarna. Icke lead users har inte ett utpräglat intresse för kaffe och inte heller några idéer eller lösningar kring kaffeförvaring. De som hamnade i vår gråzon är oftast personer med kaffeintresse men inga idéer kring kaffeförvaring eller inget kaffeintresse men idéer som kan vara användbara. Utifrån svaren har vi funnit att många skulle vilja se mindre kaffeförpackningar i en större förpackning. Någon form av återförslutning har många önskat, t ex en plastremsa som gör att man lätt kan stänga förpackningen. Vi har även funnit att många förvarar sitt kaffe i en kaffeburk. För att aromen och smakämnena skall bevaras på bästa sätt skall inte kaffet tas ur sin förpackning och därför anser vi att kafferosterier förslagsvis kan sälja kaffeburkarna som en kringprodukt i livsmedelsbutikerna. / The aim with the essay is to study behavior of lead users concerning their storing and consumption of coffee. By comparing lead users with non lead we will see if there is a deviating behavior. On the basis of the research we can give solutions to how coffee storing can be formulated and improved. On the basis of 40 interviews with coffee consumers we have tried to distinguish lead users. In doing so we started with a model that we developed together and that builds on earlier theories. We have scored all questions and multiplied with the weighting degree. On the basis of those totals, we divided the groups in lead users and non lead users. The interviewees that didn’t fall into these categories we put in a group called the grey zone. Through the survey we noticed a deviating behavior of lead users. Lead users have a pronounced interest for coffee, coffee products and originality. They often have more of their own and unique ideas than non lead users. However lead users have the most difficult implemented ideas and solutions. Non lead users do not have a pronounced interest for coffee and neither ideas or solutions around coffee storing. Those in our grey zone are most often persons with coffee interests but no ideas around coffee storing, or no coffee interest but ideas that can prove to be applicable. On the basis of our research we found that many would like to see smaller coffee packaging within a bigger package. Many also desired some type of resealable package, perhaps a plastic zip lock that makes the package easy to reseal. We have also found that many users stored their coffee in a coffee tin. In order to best preserve the aroma and taste, the coffee should not be taken out of its packaging. Therefore we suggest that coffee roasters sell the coffee tins as an accessory product in the food markets.

The new church of Ytterlännäs, a large Neo-Classical sermon church, was consecrated in 1854. The old, medieval church was far too small to house the growing number of visitors. It was therefore abandoned, but managed to be spared from demolition. A couple of decades into the twentieth century did the church once again become the object of the congregation's maintenance. It was restored and has been used for services since 1939.These abandoned churches are the subject of the present dissertation. The main aim of this thesis is answering such questions as: Why where the ancient churches abandoned? Why where they later restored and which individuals or groups advocated restoration? How where the projects realized? What guiding principles informed their work and how was the practical matter of restoration done? What values did the people involved see in the restored objects?The chapter Old and New Churches is a general introduction to the subject and certain aspects of the Neo-Classical churches are treated. The chapter entitled The Congregation and the Abandoned Churches deals with the situation from the perspective of the Swedish Lutheran Church, where the Young Church movement embraced a faith in the church as a force capable of cultural renewal, which resulted in a wider interest in preservation and restoration of the old churches. The chapter The Ideology of Restoration deals with how modern ideas about restoration were mediated from Europe to Sweden. Sigurd Curman presented the new antiquarian doctrine of restoration in two articles from 1905 and 1906. The chapter The Preservation of Cultural Monuments and the Abandoned Churches shows that the restorations was made possible by the fact that the responsible authorities possessed better tools for the successful completion of their task by this time.In the chapter Erik Salvén and the Abandoned Churches the man is introduced, that meant the most for the restoration of the churches which this thesis deals with. These are the subjects of the following five chapters: Trönö in Hälsingland, Alnö in Medelpad, Ragunda and Oviken in Jämtland and Ytterlännäs in Ångermanland. The results of this thesis are discussed and summarized in the last chapter, Interpreting the History of a Church. / digitalisering@umu

This essay deals with heating installations put into medieval Gotland churches from the 1920s to the early 1950s. Focus is on the work of the restorer Erik Johan Fant (1889–1954) who was the most frequently engaged restorer of churches in Sweden from c. 1925 to 1950. His work has not been the subject of much academic research. The essay covers how Fant and authorities involved in the restorations perceived the aesthetical and practical issues of installing modern heating systems in medieval churches. It also places Fant’s work in the wider context of heating for comfort and conservation purposes in churches. Our knowledge of heating systems used in churches in the past is very limited: on what grounds was a certain system chosen, how was it designed, and what consequences did it have for the conservation of the church? From having been solely an issue of increased comfort and pleasing design, the development of heating technology increasingly involved the interests of conservation. In the first half of the 20th century, central or electric heating was introduced in many stone churches, but often without any analysis of the risks involved. Still in the 1920s, the typical Gotland church was heated with just one or two ovens. They were still not electrified. Two problems especially were connected to overheating before the 1950s: first the soiling of walls and vaults, and second the desiccation of organic materials, particularly painted wooden objects. Central heating, especially in the form of low pressure steam which was common before 1945, certainly made these damages worse. Despite these issues, almost all of the 2,700 churches in Sweden had some kind of heating installed by the mid-1950s, and the reason was that heating primarily was perceived by the Swedish Church as a matter of comfort. Shortly after the end of the period in question, damages caused by heating would attract more attention from the developing conservation field. / <p>Alternate Title: The church -- "a machine for sitting": the introduction of heating systems into medieval Gotland churches during the early 20th century. (English)</p> / Kulturarvet och komforten: frågan om lämpligt inomhusklimat i kulturhistoriska byggnader under 1900-talet