O trabalho apresenta a síntese e a caracterização de novos compostos heterocíclicos benzazólicos dos tipos 2-(4’-aminofenil)-6-nitrobenzazóis fluorescentes por apresentar provável transferência de carga intramolecular no estado excitado (ICT) e iminas aromáticas basedas nos compostos 2-(4’-amino-2’- hidroxifenil)-6-nitrobenzazóis fluorescentes devido a mecanismo de transferência protônica intramolecular no estado excitado (ESIPT). Estes compostos foram caracterizados por espectroscopia de absorção na região do Infravermelho, ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (1H-RMN). Foram realizados estudos fotofísicos através das espectroscopia de absorção na região do ultravioleta-visível e de emissão de fluorescência, determinando assim, os prováveis estados eletrônicos excitados em solventes polares e apolares. / This work presents the synthesis and characterization of new fluorescent heterocyclic derivatives based on 2-(4'-aminophenyl)-6-nitrobenzazoles, as well as aromatic imines based on 2-(4'-amino-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-6-nitrobenzazoles. These molecules are photoactive due to an intramolecular proton transfer in the excited state (ESIPT) or a intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. These compounds were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance 1H-NMR. Photophysical studies were performed using the absorption spectroscopy in the ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence emission, thereby determining the excited electronic states in polar and nonpolar solvents.

O trabalho apresenta a síntese e a caracterização de novos compostos heterocíclicos benzazólicos dos tipos 2-(4’-aminofenil)-6-nitrobenzazóis fluorescentes por apresentar provável transferência de carga intramolecular no estado excitado (ICT) e iminas aromáticas basedas nos compostos 2-(4’-amino-2’- hidroxifenil)-6-nitrobenzazóis fluorescentes devido a mecanismo de transferência protônica intramolecular no estado excitado (ESIPT). Estes compostos foram caracterizados por espectroscopia de absorção na região do Infravermelho, ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (1H-RMN). Foram realizados estudos fotofísicos através das espectroscopia de absorção na região do ultravioleta-visível e de emissão de fluorescência, determinando assim, os prováveis estados eletrônicos excitados em solventes polares e apolares. / This work presents the synthesis and characterization of new fluorescent heterocyclic derivatives based on 2-(4'-aminophenyl)-6-nitrobenzazoles, as well as aromatic imines based on 2-(4'-amino-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-6-nitrobenzazoles. These molecules are photoactive due to an intramolecular proton transfer in the excited state (ESIPT) or a intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. These compounds were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance 1H-NMR. Photophysical studies were performed using the absorption spectroscopy in the ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence emission, thereby determining the excited electronic states in polar and nonpolar solvents.

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Le travail de recherche s’intéresse au contrôle, par la lumière, des propriétés de la matière. Dans ce vaste domaine, notre équipe s’est focalisée sur les molécules organiques photochromes de type diaryléthène. Nous avons cherché à étudier des interactions de type métal-photochrome et aspirons ainsi à moduler les propriétés optiques, redox ou l’affinité des ligands pour un métal ou un ion. Un premier ligand biphotochrome de type terthiazole a été synthétisé, comportant une sphère de coordination de type Salen (N2O2) proche du cœur photochrome. Le ligand peut effectuer une réaction de photocyclisation ou un transfert de proton à l’état excité (ESIPT). Ces propriétés ont été étudiées par spectroscopie UV-Visible stationnaire et transitoire nanoseconde et femtoseconde. Ce ligand a été valorisé par la complexation et des calculs quantiques de type DFT ont permis d’apporter des éléments de réponse quant au quenching du photochromisme pour certains complexes. Une deuxième famille de photochrome-Salen a été synthétisée en éloignant la sphère de coordination du cœur photochrome. Une étude de l’influence de différents substituants sur les propriétés a été menée. Finalement, le travail se conclue par l’étude d’un système photochrome dont le potentiel redox est modulé par la réaction photochimique. Cette modulation du potentiel a permis de contrôler, par la lumière, un transfert d’électron entre le diaryléthène et un complexe métallique approprié. / This work is devoted to the design of novel photo-responsive systems. In this field of research, our team focuses on organic photochromic molecules called diarylethene. We try to understand the interactions between a metal and a photochromic ligand and aim to modulate the optical or redox properties or the affinity of the ligand towards a metal or an ion. We report here on the synthesis of a new biphotochromic terthiazole ligand, having a Salen type coordination sphere (N2O2) close to the photochromic core. The ligand can undergo either a photocyclization reaction or an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). These properties are studied by steady state or femto/nanosecond transient UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy. Complexes are obtained and DFT quantum calculations are undergo to explain the photochromic quenching of a few complexes. Then, a second family of Salen type photochromic ligands are synthesized, with the coordinating Salen sites being separated from the photochromic cores. The effect of substitution is studied. Finally, this work is concluded by a photochromic diarylethene whose redox potential can be switched by the photochemical reaction. This switching can then be used to photo-control an electron transfer between the diarylethene and an appropriate metal complex.

This Thesis aims to examine the effects of substituents on the adjacent proton accepting phenyl ring with respect to a new type of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process discovered by Wan and co-workers. Therefore, a number of 2-phenylphenols 23-28 were synthesized with electron-donor and electron-acceptor substituents such as methyl, methoxy, and ketone moieties on the adjacent proton accepting phenyl ring. The results obtained from examination of photochemical deuterium exchange showed that all derivatives except for ketone 27 underwent deuterium exchange (Фex = 0.019 - 0.079), primarily at the 2’-position on photolysis in D2O-CH3CN. In general, compounds with methoxy moiety (ies) on the adjacent proton accepting ring showed higher deuterium exchange yields. Diol 28 has the potential to undergo photosolvolysis as well as ESIPT process since it has both a benzyl alcohol and a phenol chromophore on the same molecule. Irradiation of 28 in 1:1 H2O-CH3OH gave the corresponding methyl ether product in high yield. Photolysis of 28 in 1:1 D2O-CH3OH also showed that ESIPT competes very well with photosolvolysis. Thus, this work has established that ESIPT can compete efficiently with photosolvolysis. Semi-empirical AM1 (examination of HOMOs and LUMOs) calculations show a large degree of charge transfer in the electronic excited state (except 27), from the phenol ring to the attached phenyl ring of the studied compounds. The AM1 calculation for ketone 27 showed that the carbonyl oxygen is more basic than the carbon atoms of the benzene ring, which explains the lack of deuterium exchange observed for 27.

Le travail de recherche s'intéresse au contrôle, par la lumière, des propriétés de la matière. Dans ce vaste domaine, notre équipe s'est focalisée sur les molécules organiques photochromes de type diaryléthène. Nous avons cherché à étudier des interactions de type métal-photochrome et aspirons ainsi à moduler les propriétés optiques, redox ou l'affinité des ligands pour un métal ou un ion. Un premier ligand biphotochrome de type terthiazole a été synthétisé, comportant une sphère de coordination de type Salen (N2O2) proche du cœur photochrome. Le ligand peut effectuer une réaction de photocyclisation ou un transfert de proton à l'état excité (ESIPT). Ces propriétés ont été étudiées par spectroscopie UV-Visible stationnaire et transitoire nanoseconde et femtoseconde. Ce ligand a été valorisé par la complexation et des calculs quantiques de type DFT ont permis d'apporter des éléments de réponse quant au quenching du photochromisme pour certains complexes. Une deuxième famille de photochrome-Salen a été synthétisée en éloignant la sphère de coordination du cœur photochrome. Une étude de l'influence de différents substituants sur les propriétés a été menée. Finalement, le travail se conclue par l'étude d'un système photochrome dont le potentiel redox est modulé par la réaction photochimique. Cette modulation du potentiel a permis de contrôler, par la lumière, un transfert d'électron entre le diaryléthène et un complexe métallique approprié.

Neste trabalho é apresentada a síntese e a caracterização de cinco novas iminas derivadas de compostos do tipo 2-(2`-hidroxifenil)benzazóis, fluorescentes devido a um mecanismo de transferência protônica intramolecular no estado excitado (ESIPT). Estas iminas foram caracterizadas por espectroscopia de absorção na região do infravermelho (IV) e por espectroscopia de ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio (1H-RMN) e apresentaram deslocamentos de Stokes compatíveis com compostos que sofrem o mecanismo de ESIPT. Os produtos apresentaram sensível variação do máximo de emissão de fluorescência devido à reação de protonação em meio ácido, o que permite seu uso como sensores ópticos de pH. Ensaios demonstraram que as iminas sintetizadas são sensíveis à presença de Ni2+ devido à reação de complexação com o metal, causando uma alteração do máximo de emissão de fluorescência. / The present work presents the synthesis and characterization of five new imines derived from 2-(2`-hydroxyphenyl)benzazole derivatives, fluorescent due to an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism. These imines were characterized by infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR) and by hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and presented Stokes shifts compatible with ESIPT compounds. These products presented a considerable shift of the maximum fluorescence emission due to the protonation reaction in acid medium, which allows their use as pH optical sensors. Tests showed that the synthesized imines are sensitive to Ni2+ due to the complexation reaction with the metal, causing a shift of the maximum fluorescence emission.

Neste trabalho é apresentada a síntese e a caracterização de compostos do tipo 2-(2’- hidroxifenil)benzazóis derivados da 1,3,5-triazina, fluorescentes devido a um mecanismo de transferência protônica intramolecular no estado excitado (TPIEE). Foram preparados quatro novos corantes diclorotriazinil-(hidroxifenil)benzazólicos, que apresentam emissão de fluorescência na região azul-verde do espectro visível e deslocamentos de Stokes compatíveis com substâncias que sofrem o fenômeno da TPIEE. Estas substâncias foram caracterizadas por diversas técnicas espectroscópicas (IR, RMN e HR-MS), enquanto que as análises fotofísicas (absorção no ultravioleta-visível e emissão de fluorescência) foram realizadas em solução e no estado sólido. Os ensaios preliminares realizados indicam a possibilidade de emprego desses corantes como sondas fluorescentes de material celulósico. / The synthesis and characterization of new 2-(2’-hydroxyphenyl)benzazoles derivatives from 1,3,5-triazine, fluorescent due to an excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism, were presented in this work. The four new dichlorotriazinylbenzazole derivatives synthesized present fluorescence emission in the blue-green region of the spectra and Stokes shift compatible with ESIPT compounds. The characterization of the new fluorescent reactive dyes by means of spectroscopic (IR, RMN, UV-Vis and fluorescence) and spectrometric (HRMS) techniques, and the study of the possibilities to dye cellulose fibers were carried out. Fluorescent cellulose fibers were prepared using the dyes and a methodology used in the industry and show no color change when observed in the visible light (white cellulose) and a blue-green fluorescence when irradiated with UV light.