The thesis deals with the Czech economic diplomacy. The aim is to assess the role of the Czech economic diplomacy, especially in terms of support of the foreign trade with Germany. The thesis is divided into five chapters, the first chapter contains the theoretical notion, the second chapter deals with the development of economic diplomacy in the Czech Republic from 1989 until today, the third chapter describes current model of the Czech economic diplomacy. The fourth chapter examine Czech network of export promotion in Germany and the fifth chapter is devoted to case studies of two Czech export companies.

Face à la baisse continue de la consommation de vin dans les principaux pays européens traditionnellement vinicoles et aux opportunités de croissance de consommation sur les nouveaux marchés, l’avenir de nos vins français se joue essentiellement à l’export. L’export apparait donc non pas comme une option stratégique mais comme une nécessité pour nos entreprises vitivinicoles françaises. Face à cet enjeu, l’objectif de notre travail de recherche a été de déterminer les politiques adéquates à l’export afin de comprendre dans quelle mesure l’entreprise vitivinicole française était performante à l’export. Les résultats contradictoires des recherches antérieures étudiant l’impact des éléments de politique export (produit, marché et d’exportation) sur la performance export nous ont orienté vers une approche contingente et le défi de notre travail de recherche a été de démontrer théoriquement et empiriquement qu’il n’existe pas de politique export adéquate mais plusieurs en fonction de la stratégie à l’export de l’entreprise(stratégie de marque, de terroir et prix volume), résultant des ressources uniques de l’entreprise d’après la théorie basée sur les ressources. Spécialement réalisées pour ce travail de recherche, une étude quantitative auprès de 120 entreprises vitivinicoles françaises ainsi qu’une étude qualitative auprès de 50 entreprises vitivinicoles nous ont permis de valider empiriquement l’effet modérateur de l’avantage concurrentiel à l’export de l’entreprise sur la relation entre la politique et la performance export. / Faced with the continuing decline in wine consumption in the main European countries and growth opportunities in new markets, the future of French wines mainly relies on exports Export therefore does not appear as a strategic option but as a necessity for French wine companies. Faced with this challenge, the objective of our research was to determine the appropriate (or suitable) export policies in order to understand how the French wine business could achieve export performance. The conflicting results of previous research examining the impact of the export policy on export performance components have guided us to a contingent approach and the challenge of our research has been to demonstrate theoretically and empirically that there is not only one adequate export policy but several ones depending on company export strategy resulting from the its unique set of resources, according to the resource-based view. Specially carried out for this research, a quantitative study on 120 French wine businesses and a qualitative study on 50 wine businesses have enabled us to empirically validate the moderating effect of export strategy on the relationship between export policy and export performance.

The first chapter describes the economic development of South Korea from the end of the WWII to the 90s, with regard to both inward and outward aspects. The second chapter analyses the current economic situation in the country. It deals with Korean agriculture, industry and service sector. It covers impacts of the Asian crisis from 1997 and the Financial crisis from 2008 on the Republic of Korea. In the third chapter the outward relations of Korea are described. It concerns with i.a. Korean trade policy, Korean trade, membership in international organizations and relations with certain countries.

The thesis deals with the quality of business environment of the Czech Republic, nevertheless, the main goal of the thesis is to evaluate the current system of the export support. Firstly, the opening chapter attempts to define the term business environment theoretically, after that it puts forward the possibilities of quantifying the quality of this indicator and then summarizes its evolution specifically in the Czech Republic. The second chapter is particularly devoted to the system of economic diplomacy in the Czech Republic and concentrates primarily on the support of export as a part of national business support programs. In this context, the thesis analyses in full detail the Export Strategy of the Czech Republic for the period 2012-2020, its updated version of 2016 and also how defined goals are met on an ongoing basis. The final part provides the export survey carried out within small and medium-sized enterprises. This survey evaluates whether the system of the state export support is generally known and used within this segment.

The Diploma Thesis focuses on analysis of major ASEAN countries in order to identify the market potential for Czech exporters. The author firstly introduces the Czech national export support scheme and ASEAN association as a whole. Afterwards he uses PEST and SWOT methods to analyze main countries and cultural dimensions according to G.Hofstede to describe possible behaviour of potential business partners. Moreover, the author takes a closer look at Vietnam, as the only ASEAN country in the priority list of Czech export strategy 2020. The last chapter of the Thesis compares major ASEAN countries based on a model created by the author and recommends main solutions to increase Czech export to the region.

El presente trabajo de investigación busca analizar la Influencia de la Asociatividad Empresarial como Estrategia de Exportación de las micro y pequeñas empresas (MYPES) del Sector Artesanía de la Región Ayacucho - Perú periodo 2014 - 2018. Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica sobre los antecedentes nacionales e internacionales, el marco conceptual y las teorías que existen acerca de la Exportación del Sector Artesanía para tener una visión global y específica sobre su relación con la Asociatividad Empresarial. Para ello, se describe la situación actual del sector, las tendencias de las exportaciones, los síntomas y causas del problema planteado. Además, se plantean los objetivos e hipótesis en base a la investigación previa. La metodología utilizada para efectos de la investigación se basa en un enfoque mixto, no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional que pretende analizar aspectos específicos de las variables: Formalidad, Acceso al Financiamiento y Capacitación. La información fue obtenida mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a expertos en la materia y cuestionarios a las Asociaciones de la Región Ayacucho. Los resultados de esta recolección de información primaria fueron analizados mediante el software Atlas Ti versión 7.5. y el programa estadístico SPSS, respectivamente. Con ello, se espera generar un espacio de discusión académica y de soporte para futuros trabajos de investigación que tengan como enfoque de estudio a la Asociatividad Empresarial. / This research work seeks to analyze the influence of Business Associativity as an Export Strategy of the micro and small enterprises (MSEs) of the Handicrafts Sector of the Ayacucho - Peru Region period 2014-2018. A bibliographic review has been carried out on the national and international background and the theories that exist regarding the Export of the Handicrafts Sector in order to have a global and specific vision related to the Business Associativity. The current situation of the sector, the export trends, the symptoms and causes of the problem posed are described. Also, objectives and hypotheses are proposed based on previous research. The methodology used is detailed, for the purposes of the investigation, a mixed, non-experimental, descriptive and correlational approach is used, which aims to analyze specific aspects of the variables: Formality, Access to Financing and Training. The information was obtained through semi-structured interviews to experts in the field and questionnaires to related Associations of the Ayacucho Region. The results of this collection of primary information were analyzed using: Atlas Ti version 7.5 software. and the SPSS statistical program, respectively. With all this, it is hoped to generate a space for academic discussion and support for future research works that have the Business Associativity as a study focus. / Tesis

The aim of this thesis is to introduce export policy of the Czech Republic, the institutions, which offer support to exporters and to describe their services. One of the chapters focuses on The Export strategy of the Czech Republic for years 2006-2010, its projects and fulfilment in year 2010. The end of this thesis includes some possible improvements in system of the export support.

This thesis provides an overview of the importance of exports for the Czech economy and the main instruments used for support of exports by state and private institutions. It also presents new export activities of a non-state institution - International Chamber of Commerce in the Czech Republic (ICC Czech Republic), which is the general public not sufficiently aware of. The work contains opinions and positions of entities being directly affected by state export promotion in the Czech Republic - particularly small and medium enterprises, large exporters, and commercial banks - and also their specific requirements for the content of state export strategy. Their opinions are derived from various surveys and analysis and based on the information obtained from ICC Czech Republic. To create high-quality export strategy, it is necessary for the Ministry of Industry and Trade to cooperate with all relevant subjects such as EGAP, Czech Export Bank, Czech Chamber of Commerce, ICC Czech Republic, but especially with the business community. The strategy also needs to include the consolidation of state export promotion services, the allocation of sufficient funds for the Czech Export Bank and EGAP, the involvement of commercial banks in foreign trade finance and enhancement of international competitiveness of Czech exports. Thus can only be increased its contribution to individual subjects of foreign trade and the State itself.

La Ruta Exportadora es un programa de gestión que mejora el proceso de exportación a través de herramientas que faciliten su desempeño exportador de las empresas que comercializan envases de bio papel (productos elaborados con insumos biodegradables) en el Perú, cumpliendo con la normativa legal, como la Ley Nro. 30884. Con el transcurrir de los años los consumidores han generado nuevos hábitos lo que ocasiona una alta demanda en el uso del bio papel, tornándose cada vez más exigentes en el mercado internacional, (ISO/ITC, 2010). Sin embargo, las exportaciones entre el 2017 al 2019 obtuvo un resultado inestable en las ventas del comercio exterior, por ello, el Estado Peruano ofrece programas como la Ruta Exportadora para que las empresas promuevan sus productos en mercados internacionales (PROMPERÚ, 2020). El objetivo de la presente investigación es conocer cuáles son los tópicos de la ruta exportadora que tuvieron mayor éxito en las empresas comercializadoras de envases de bio papel de Lima Perú y su desempeño exportador dentro del periodo 2017-2019, para ello se realizó la recopilación de los antecedentes nacionales e internacionales sobre las variables que se investigaron, las cuales tuvieron un enfoque de análisis cualitativo, dividido en dos fases, primero se reunió la información y segundo se realizó el análisis a través del software Atlas.TI de las 14 entrevistas de profundidad realizadas a las empresas que comercializan envases de bio papel, las categorías analizadas fueron: Ruta exportadora y Desempeño exportador. / The Export Route is a management program that improves the export process through tools that facilitate the export performance of companies that market bio paper containers (products made with biodegradable inputs) in Peru, complying with legal regulations, such as Law No. 30884. Over the years, consumers have generated new habits, which causes a high demand in the use of bio paper, becoming more and more demanding in the international market (ISO / ITC, 2010). However, exports between 2017 and 2019 obtained an unstable result in foreign trade sales, therefore, the Peruvian State offers programs such as the Export Route for companies to promote their products in international markets (PROMPERÚ, 2020). The objective of this research is to know which are the topics of the export route that were most successful in the companies that commercialize bio-paper packaging in Lima Peru and their export performance within the period 2017-2019, for which the compilation of the national and international antecedents on the variables that were investigated, which had a qualitative analysis approach, divided into two phases, first the information was gathered and second the analysis was carried out through the Atlas.TI software of the 14 in-depth interviews carried out To companies that market bio paper packaging, the categories analyzed were: Export route and Export performance. / Tesis

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la Asociatividad empresarial como estrategia de exportación para las Pymes del sector calzado en la provincia de Trujillo - La Libertad, Perú a través de: desarrollo de gestión organizacional, innovación de mercadotecnia y capacidad económica-financiera durante el periodo 2014-2018, de modo que este estudio fomente a las empresas a trabajar de forma conjunta con la finalidad de tener las mejores condiciones en su camino hacia la internacionalización y por consiguiente, obtengan un incremento de sus exportaciones hacia diversos mercados. Para ello, se describe el marco teórico, el marco conceptual, las bases teóricas relacionados a la Asociatividad y Exportación del sector calzado. Asimismo, se detalla el marco contextual del sector calzado, exportación del sector calzado, así como la descripción del departamento La Libertad y de su principal provincia, Trujillo. En adición, se detalla la descripción del problema, los síntomas y causas del problema, así como el diagnóstico actual de las Pymes exportadoras del sector calzado de la provincia de Trujillo del año 2014 al 2018. Además, se plantea el problema, las hipótesis y objetivos. La metodología tiene un enfoque mixto no experimental, descriptivo y correlacional. Para el análisis cualitativo, se entrevistó a expertos en el tema y para el análisis cuantitativo, se procedió a encuestar a las Pymes exportadoras del sector calzado de la provincia Trujillo.  Finalmente, se detallan los resultados estadísticos para el análisis correspondiente, de modo que se pueda comprobar las hipótesis de la presente investigación. / The current research aims to analyze business associativity as an export strategy for SMEs of the footwear sector in the province of Trujillo- La Libertad, Peru through: management development organizational, marketing innovation and economic-financial capacity during the period of 2014-2018, so this study encourages companies to work together to have the best conditions on their way to internationalization, therefore, get an increase in their exports towards various markets. For this, the theoretical framework, the conceptual framework, the theoretical bases related to Associativity and Export of the footwear sector are described. Also, the contextual framework of the footwear sector, the export of the footwear sector, as well as the description of the department La Libertad and its main province, Trujillo, are detailed. In addition, the description of the problem, the symptoms and causes of the problem are details, as well as the current diagnosis of exporting SMEs in the footwear sector from the province of Trujillo from 2014 to 2018. Also, the problem, the hypotheses and objectives are presented. The methodology has a mixed non-experimental, descriptive, and correlational approach. For the qualitative analysis, experts on the subject were interviewed and for the quantitative analysis, we proceeded to survey exporting SMEs in the footwear sector of the Trujillo province. Finally, the statistical results for the corresponding analysis are detailed, so that the hypotheses of the present investigation can be verified. / Tesis