The 7th German-Japanese Bridge Symposium, July 30-August 1, 2007 Osaka, JAPAN (GJBS07)

9th German-Japanese Bridge Symposium, September 10-11, 2012, Kyoto, JAPAN (GJBS09)

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Darbo tikslas: ištirti galvijų masės ir amžiaus įtaką, skerdenų išeigai ir kokybei. Temos aktualumas: Galvijų skerdenų klasifikacija pagal raumenų išsivystymą šlaunų, nugaros ir menčių. Riebalų sluoksnio skerdenos išorėje ir krūtinės ertmėje suaugusių galvijų skerdenų skirstymas. Galvijų skerdenos išeiga ir kokybė priklauso nuo gyvulio masės. Bulių ir buliukų masei padidėjus 50 kg jų skerdenos išeiga padidėjo 0,3 – 1,3 %, skerdenų įvertintų O klase padaugėjo 0,7 – 5 %, įvertintų P klase sumažėjo 0,7 – 6,4 %. Telyčių masei padidėjus 50 kg jų skerdenos išeiga padidėjo 0,4 – 0,6 %, skerdenų įvertintų O klase padidėjo 0,5 – 3,8 %, įvertintų P klase sumažėjo 0,9 – 5,4 %. Karvių masei padidėjus 50 kg jų skerdenos išeiga padidėjo 0,2 – 1,7 %, o skerdenų įvertintų O klase padidėjo 0,5 – 19,5 %, įvertintų P klase sumažėjo 0,5 – 19,5 %. Tikslingiausia realizuoti gerai nupenėtus buliukus 500 ir daugiau kg masės. Telyčias 450 ir daugiau kg masės. Galvijų skerdenos išeiga ir kokybė priklauso nuo gyvulio amžiaus. / Industrial aim: Explore livestock weight and age carcass influence exposure and quality. Subject relevance livestock carcass classification after muscular development back, stumps. Fat coat carcass face and pectoral cavity full-sized livestock carcass distribution. Livestock carcass exposure and quality belong from livestock weight. Neat and hog weight increase 50 kg, their carcass influence increase 0,3 – 1,3 %, carcass appraise O class increase 0,7 – 5 %, appraise P class abate 0,7 – 6,4 %. Heifer weight increase 50 kg their carcass influence 0,4 – 0,6 %, carcass appraise O class increase 0,5 – 3.8 %, appraise P class abate 0,9 – 5.4 %. Cow weight increase 50 kg their carcass influence increase 0,2 – 1,7 %, carcass appraise O class increase 0,5 – 19,5 %, appraise P class abate 0,5 – 19,5 %. Intention realize good fat hog 500 and more kg weight. Heifer 450 and more kg weight. Livestock carcass exposure and quality belong from livestock age.

Norint išvengti apšvitos nuo pavojingo žmogaus sveikatai radono ir jo skilimo produktų, reikia daugybės tyrimų, kurie nustatytų radono tūrinį aktyvumą mus supančioje aplinkoje, gyvenamosiose patalpose. Radonas patalpose atsiranda iš įvairių šaltinių: grunto, statybinių medžiagų, vandens. Radono tūrinis aktyvumas labai priklauso nuo namo konstrukcijos, vėdinimo ir nuo grunto, ant kurio jis pastatytas. Nors darbų skaičius, nagrinėjantis šią problemą, yra didelis, vienas iš faktorių, kuris sąlygoja radono tūrinius aktyvumus gyvenamojoje aplinkoje, yra regiono, kuriame radono tūrinis aktyvumas matuojamas, ypatumai – grunto sudėtis, poringumas, namo konstrukcijų tipai ir kiti. Nėra visiškai aišku, kurie iš faktorių lemia radono tūrinio aktyvumo kitimą pastatuose konkrečioje vietoje. Šio darbo tikslas – ištirti, kokį sąryšį radono tūrinis aktyvumas turi grunto ore, geriamajame vandenyje ir radono tūrinis aktyvumas patalpose, tyrimams pasirenkant palyginti nedidelį regioną – šalies pietryčiuose esančios Vilniaus apskrities Vilniaus, Šalčininkų ir Širvintų rajonus. Palyginimui naudotas radono tūrinis aktyvumas, tirtas pastatuose kituose šalies regionuose. Taip pat įvertinta radono tūrinio aktyvumo kaita skirtingais metų sezonais gyvenamajame pastate, kiek aktyvumui įtakos daro grunto pralaidumas ir namo sandarinimo ypatybės. / Indoor radon is most important expose for human population. It is necessary to investigate reasons of increasing of radon concentration. It is known that radon concentrations are highly variable within a region. This work deals with the investigations of indoor radon and radon in water in dwellings of Vilnius region. Measurements of radon in soil ware performed as well. Measurements were made at 22 private dwellings and surrounding off them in 2008 year. Statistically estimated that this region is not different from others Lithuanian districts. Effective dose for public due to indoor radon and radon in water were estimated. Results showed that the highest effective dose due to the indoor radon for public in Vilnius region is 2.1 mSv per year, highest effective dose due to radon in drinking water 5.7 μSv per year. No correlation funded between radon in soil and indoor radon in may investigation. So there are other factors that influence increase of radon concentration in buildings: engineering barrier, air conditions and others. Variation of indoor radon concentrations in a dwelling survey has been carried out in Panevezys districts in the village of Pinava. Indoor radon levels were measured in selected dwelling in autumn, winter, spring and summer seasons using radon monitor AlphaGuard. The average radon concentrations vary from 52 Bq/m3 in summer to 289 Bq/m3 in winter. Relation between first and second flour was estimated, its shows that radon concentrations on first flour... [to full text]

While breeding for increased oil yield has generated new lines of spring canola (Brassica napus L.) for biodiesel production, emissions of N2O from fertilized canola fields threaten to undermine the climate change mitigation benefits of canola as a biodiesel alternative to conventional diesel. This study determined the response of N2O emissions to canola line and N treatment in a maritime setting (Truro, Nova Scotia). Tissue N uptake was measured to determine whether differences in N uptake between the lines could explain any observed effect of canola line. Nitrate Exposure (the summation of daily soil NO3- concentrations over a growing season, serving as an integrated measure of the exposure of soil biomass to nitrate over the growing season) was determined to investigate its potential as a predictor of N2O emissions. Four spring canola lines (‘Topaz’, ‘Sentry’, ‘Polo’, and 04C204, in order of increasing seed oil content) were paired with five N treatments (40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 kg N ha-1) in an incomplete two-factor factorial design over two growing seasons (2008 and 2009). N2O emissions were determined using a non-steady state vented chamber method. N2O emissions peaks closely followed increases in soil water content in both years, indicating that limited aerobicity was the trigger for N2O emissions events, and suggesting that denitrification was the predominant microbial process responsible for N2O emissions. The magnitude of average N2O emissions both years was considerably low when compared to other studies (0.55 and 0.56 kg N2O ha-1 in 2008 and 2009 respectively). Increasing N treatment resulted in significantly increased N2O emissions in 2008. Though the same trend was observed in 2009, it was not found to be significant. Differences in weed cover, soil C, soil N supplying capacity, and elevation between the sites may have contributed to the inability to detect an N2O emissions response to N treatment in 2009. Canola line had no effect on N2O emissions in either study year, though heavy competition by weeds significantly affected canola plant health and survival in 2009. Tissue N uptake increased with increasing N treatment, but did not change with choice of line, which is consistent with the observation of no N2O emissions response to line. Nitrate Exposure was found to be strongly correlated with N2O emissions in a linear relationship, supporting the conclusion that Nitrate Exposure can be a promising indicator of N2O emissions when they are limited by soil N. Finally, FluxPerOil, the ratio of N2O emissions per unit oil yield (kg N2O kg-1 oil) was found to decrease with decreased N treatment in 2008, though only very little, indicating a marginal abatement of N2O emissions at a significant cost of oil. FluxPerOil was unreliable in 2009 due to weeds compromising the line effect and therefore oil yield.

Objective: This study attempts to estimate the proportion of incident cases of bladder cancer in Ontario, Canada that is due to exposure to occupational carcinogens. Methods: The population attributable risk approach is used to estimate the proportion of bladder cancer in Ontario that is due to occupation. Risk ratios were obtained from a review of epidemiologic literature using a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. Summary risk estimates for each bladder carcinogen included were calculated using RevMan 4.2. The CAREX Canada database provided Ontario-specific estimates of the proportion of workers exposed to bladder carcinogens. Results: In Ontario, the proportion of bladder cancer due to occupational exposure is approximately 5.6% (95% CI 0.2% to 14%). Based on the incident number of bladder cancer cases in 2001 in Ontario, it is estimated that approximately 52 new cases of bladder cancer were due to occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), diesel exhaust, aromatic amines and 2-naphthylamine. An alternate interpretation is if these occupational exposures were eliminated, 52 cases of bladder cancer per year in Ontario alone could be avoided. Conclusion and Recommendations: The current study advances our knowledge of the extent to which specific occupational bladder carcinogens contribute to the overall bladder cancer burden in Ontario. The current study highlights the utility of the CAREX Canada database in advancing current knowledge on the burden of occupational cancer in Ontario. The methods used to estimate the proportion of bladder cancer attributable to occupational exposure in Ontario may be replicated to estimate the proportion of cancer in Ontario that is due to occupational exposure. / Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2008-08-29 20:08:46.713

Exposure to environmental toxins is a major contributing factor to the expected increase in chronic disease within developing countries in the next 20 years. Due to its ubiquitous distribution and persistent nature, mercury (Hg) is an example of a toxic substance that has garnered global concern because of its known detrimental effects on human and ecosystem health. Although fish consumption is the predominant source of Hg exposure to humans in developed nations, studies in developing countries have shown that high Hg concentrations in humans cannot be explained by fish consumption alone. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and the relative contribution of various sources of Hg to humans differ significantly between individuals, ethnic groups, and across continents. Health Canada is currently attempting to regulate the anthropogenic release and exposure dose of Hg to its citizens based on known EDIs, however the greatest sources of Hg exposure across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are still unknown, thus impeding the regulatory process. This thesis focuses on four major sources of Hg exposure in SSA: skin-lightening cosmetics, soil geophagy, small-scale gold mining, and fish consumption. An exposure assessment model has been developed to identify the sources of greatest concern for various age groups in Ghana and Uganda and is presented using published and unpublished data, as well as experimental Hg bioaccessibility data. The results indicate that occupational exposure and lifestyle choices (mining and use of skin-lightening cosmetics) have the greatest contribution to overall increases in Hg toxicity in adults. The health of infants, however, is most likely to be compromised before birth and in the first few days of life due to maternal consumption of fish with elevated Hg concentrations and the use of Hg-containing cosmetics. It is imperative that further research of these sources be carried out to prevent the possible long-term negative social and economic consequences of chronic illness in SSA. / Thesis (Master, Environmental Studies) -- Queen's University, 2008-09-25 20:05:32.606

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