Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2006. Graduate Programme in Education. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-84). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1240706441&SrchMode=1&sid=8&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1195584865&clientId=5220

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 77 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-77).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 148-158).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2008. / "May, 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 23-25). Online version available on the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed on June 23, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-95).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 11, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-178).

abstract: Current theoretical debate, crossing the bounds of memory theory and mental imagery, surrounds the role of eye movements in successful encoding and retrieval. Although the eyes have been shown to revisit previously-viewed locations during retrieval, the functional role of these saccades is not known. Understanding the potential role of eye movements may help address classic questions in recognition memory. Specifically, are episodic traces rich and detailed, characterized by a single strength-driven recognition process, or are they better described by two separate processes, one for vague information and one for the retrieval of detail? Three experiments are reported, in which participants encoded audio-visual information while completing controlled patterns of eye movements. By presenting information in four sources (i.e., voices), assessments of specific and partial source memory were measured at retrieval. Across experiments, participants' eye movements at test were manipulated. Experiment 1 allowed free viewing, Experiment 2 required externally-cued fixations to previously-relevant (or irrelevant) screen locations, and Experiment 3 required externally-cued new or familiar oculomotor patterns to multiple screen locations in succession. Although eye movements were spontaneously reinstated when gaze was unconstrained during retrieval (Experiment 1), externally-cueing participants to re-engage in fixations or oculomotor patterns from encoding (Experiments 2 and 3) did not enhance retrieval. Across all experiments, participants' memories were well-described by signal-detection models of memory. Source retrieval was characterized by a continuous process, with evidence that source retrieval occurred following item memory failures, and additional evidence that participants partially recollected source, in the absence of specific item retrieval. Pupillometry provided an unbiased metric by which to compute receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, which were consistently curvilinear (but linear in z-space), supporting signal-detection predictions over those from dual-process theories. Implications for theoretical views of memory representations are discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Psychology 2012

From the airport security guard monitoring luggage to the rushed commuter looking for their car keys, visual search is one of the most common requirements of our visual system. Despite its ubiquity, many aspects of visual search remain unaccounted for by computational models. Difficulty arises when trying to account for any internal biases of an observer undertaking a search task or trying to decompose an image of a natural scene into relevant fundamental properties. Previous studies have attempted to understand visual search by using highly simplified stimuli, such as discrete search arrays. Although these studies have been useful, the extent to which the search of discrete search arrays can represent the search of more naturalistic stimuli is subject to debate. The experiments described in this thesis used as stimuli images of natural scenes and attempted to address two key objectives. The first was to determine which image properties influenced the detectability of a target. Features investigated included chroma, entropy, contrast, edge contrast and luminance. The proportion of variance in detection ability accounted for by each feature was estimated and the features were ranked in order of importance to detection. The second objective was to develop a method for guiding human fixations by modifying image features while observers were engaged in a search task. To this end, images were modified using the image-processing method unsharp masking. To assess the effect of the image modification on fixations, eye movements were monitored using an eye-tracker. Another subject addressed in the thesis was the classification of fixations from eye movement data. There exists no standard method for achieving this classification. Existing methods have employed thresholds for speed, acceleration, duration and stability of point-of-gaze to classify fixations, but these thresholds have no commonly accepted values. Presented in this thesis is an automatic nonparametric method for classifying fixations, which extracts fixations without requiring any input parameters from the experimenter. The method was tested against independent classifications by three experts. The accurate estimation of Kullback-Leibler Divergence, an information theoretic quantity which can be used to compare probability distributions, was also addressed in this thesis since the quantity was used to compare fixation distributions. Different methods for the estimation of Kullback-Leibler divergence were tested using artificial data and it was shown than a method for estimating the quantity directly from input data outperformed methods which required binning of data or kernel density estimation to estimate underlying distributions.

M.Phil. (Optometry) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

This master’s thesis deals with muscles physiology of eye movement and questions of surface electromyography measurement. Physiology and analysis of eye movement are described here. Furthermore the paper deals with a variety of electrooculographic measuring techniques and also with resulting evaluation of measured signal.