This study examined work-family conflict as a predictor of burnout as well as the moderating role that optimism and pessimism may have had on this relationship. Participants were call centre employees from a financial institution in Cape Town (N = 94). Cross-sectional data was collected via electronic self-report questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated the unidimensionality of work-to-family conflict despite the two-dimensional model that was expected. Bivariate regression analysis showed that work-to-family conflict explained a significant proportion of the variance in both dimensions of burnout – emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Contrary to what was expected, the results of the moderation analyses were not significant. Optimism and pessimism did not moderate the relationship between work-to-family conflict and burnout. The results show that work-to-family conflict negatively affects call centre employees' well-being. The results are discussed and implications for management and suggestions for future research are presented.

This diploma thesis deals with the importance of the mediation in solving different types of disputes and disagreements between family members. This is a theoretical-empirical work. The aim of the thesis is the evaluation of the contribution of mediation as a method of resolving disputes between family members. The theoretical part shows first comprehensive overwiew of the mediation. Each chapter is dedicated to topics related to history of mediation both in the world and in our country and shows researches of already existing studies. It also presents mediation in terms of its aim, principles and process, introduces the mediator and his competences that are specially dedicated to a family topic that is crucial in relation to the aim of this diploma thesis, the family mediation. This work focuses on family and its actual topics as well as pitfalls. The work dedicates to the area of disputes, its reasons and development. The empirical part extends the work of results of a qualitative research conducted in the form of an interview with ten respondents who have undergone the process of mediation. The aim of the investigation was to find out how persons who have undergone the mediation process evaluate mediation as a method of resolving disagreements between family members? The main finding is that the...

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka förekomsten av, samt faktorer som bidrar till work-family conflict (WFC) och burnout bland ideella och icke-ideella U16-tränare inom alpin skidåkning. För att besvara syftet ställdes frågeställningarna: “hur ser förekomsten av burnout och WFC ut hos ideella respektive heltidsanställda alpina U16-tränare?”, “finns det något samband mellan WFC och burnout för alpina U16-tränare?” och “finns det något samband mellan arbetade timmar, burnout och WFC hos alpina U16-tränare?”. Metod Studien var kvantitativ och bestod av en enkät, som besvarades av 11 svenska alpina U16-tränare, varav tio ideella med ett heltidsarbete vid sidan av, och en heltidsanställd tränare. Enkäten syftade till att ta reda på hur många timmar de arbetat de senaste sju dagarna, samt vilken typ av arbetsform; ideell eller heltid, de hade. Den syftar även till att mäta respektive tränares grad av burnout och WFC. För att ta reda på om det fanns något samband mellan WFC och burnout så analyserades data gällande WFC och burnout genom Spearmans korrelation för icke parametriska data. Samtliga beräkningar gjordes i Excel Version 2021.  Resultat Medelvärdet för burnout hos de ideella tränarna var 3,07 och 1,32 för den heltidsanställda tränaren. Medelvärdet för WFC hos de ideella tränarna var 15,64 och heltidsanställda tränarens värde var 7. Sambandet (R-värdet) mellan WFC och burnout för samtliga tränare var 0,31, men P-värdet var 0,35, vilket innebar avsaknad av signifikans och låg power. För de ideella tränarna så fanns två tendenser vid fler arbetade timmar; en ökning av burnoutvärden och en sänkning av WFC-värden. Slutsats För att få signifikanta resultat hade ett högre deltagarantal behövts men det finns ändå tendenser till ett samband mellan WFC och burnout för svenska alpina U16-tränare, även om detta samband var svagare än i tidigare studier. Det fanns även tendenser kring att ideella tränare upplever både en högre grad av burnout och en högre grad av WFC än heltidsanställda alpina U16-tränare, där dels typen arbetsform, och dels antalet arbetade timmar verkar vara två nyckelfaktorer. / <p>Ämneslärarprogrammet, Specialidrott</p>

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Syftet med studien var att undersöka upplevelsen av Work-life balance (WLB) för poliser i yttre tjänst. Metoden som användes var en induktiv tematisk analys och materialet insamlades genom 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer med poliser som arbetade som polis i yttre tjänst. Resultatet genererade tre huvudteman: Hantera tankar och känslor, Polis som identitet och Upplevda framgångsfaktorer. Resultatet visade att WLB kunde upplevas av flera faktorer. Dessa faktorer innebar bland annat extraordinära arbetsuppgifter som exempelvis hantera dödliga utgångar och arbeta i obehagliga miljöer. Resultatet av studien berör upplevelsen av work-family conflict och family-work conflict. Resultatet visade att yrket medförde en upplevelse av att identifiera sig som polis och att det snarare blev en livsstil mer än ett yrke där livet ibland behövde anpassas på grund av yrket. Detta medförde slutsatsen att det upplevdes vara utmanande för poliser i yttre tjänst att uppnå en bra WLB. / The purpose of the study was to investigate the experience of work-life balance (WLB) for police officers on external duty. The method used was an inductive thematic analysis and the material was collected through 10 semi-structured interviews with police officers who worked as police officers in external service. The results generated three main themes: Managing thoughts and feelings, Police as identity and Perceived success factors. The result showed that WLB could be experienced by several factors. This included, among other things, extraordinary tasks such as handling deadly outcomes and working in unpleasant environments. The result of the study refer to the experience of work-family conflict and family-work conflict. The result showed that the profession entailed an experience of identifying oneself as a police officer and that it rather became a lifestyle more than a profession where life sometimes had to be adapted because of the profession. This led to the conclusion that it was perceived to be challenging for police officers on external duty to achieve a good WLB.

Using a sample of married individuals employed full-time (N = 1,139), this study examined the mediating effects of constructive and destructive communication between partners on the relationship between work-family conflict and marital satisfaction. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that work-family conflict was significantly and negatively related to marital satisfaction. This relationship became insignificant when constructive and destructive communication were added to the model, evidence for full mediation. This was confirmed with Sobel's test for mediation. Results suggest that teaching communication skills may be a potent point of intervention for couples who experience high levels of work-family conflict.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka om tillfredsställelse med skiftarbete påverkade work-life balance hos medarbetare inom industri- och sjukvårdssektorn, samt om det fanns skillnader i tillfredsställelse med skiftarbete och work-life balance mellan industrin och sjukvården. Vidare undersöktes om ålder, kön eller hemmaboende barn hade någon betydelse. Resultatet visade att tillfredsställelse med skiftarbete kan predicera work-life balance utifrån work-family conflict samt family-work conflict, och att arbetet inkräktar mer på privatlivet än vice versa, detta gäller båda tjänstesektorerna. Ålder hade viss påverkan på upplevelsen av att arbetet inkräktade på privatlivet. Resultatet belyser riskområden relevanta för att uppnå en god work-life balance.

Guided by models of family unpredictability, this study was designed to identify the distinctive sequelae of disorganized interparental conflict, a dimension of interparental conflict characterized by abrupt, inexplicable changes in parental emotional lability, conflict tactics, and verbalizations. Participants included 208 kindergarten children (M age = 5.74 years; 56% girls), mothers, and their caregiving partners from racially diverse backgrounds (e.g., 44% Black) who participated in a longitudinal study with two annual measurement occasions. At Wave 1, trained observers assessed disorganized interparental conflict. Observational and survey assessments were used to assess several family (i.e., interparental conflict, parenting difficulties, parent psychopathology, family instability) and demographic (i.e., children's gender, household income, parent education) characteristics. Assessments of child functioning at each wave included psychological adjustment (i.e., externalizing and internalizing symptoms, prosocial behavior), social information processing difficulties, and attention to emotion cues. Findings from structural equation modeling analyses indicated disorganized interparental conflict significantly predicted decreases in children's prosocial behavior and increases in their externalizing problems, angry reactivity to social problems, and biased attention to angry and sad cues over a one-year period. Results were significant while controlling for established measures of interparental conflict, parenting difficulties, parent psychopathology, family instability, and demographic characteristics. The findings suggest that disorganized characteristics of interparental conflict may be an important domain of clinical change beyond the established targets of family harshness and adversity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Forty percent of employed parents report that they experience work-family conflict (Galinsky, Bond, & Friedman, 1993). Work-family conflict (WFC) exists when role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible. WFC is associated with decreases in family, job, and life satisfaction and physical health; intention to quit one's job; and increases in workplace absenteeism. Women may be more impacted by WFC than men, as women report completing 65-80% of the child care (Sayer, 2001) and spend 80 hours per week fulfilling work and home responsibilities (Cowan, 1983). Research suggests that WFC can be reduced with social support, such as co-workers providing assistance when family interferes with work (Carlson & Perrewe, 1999). It is unclear whether parents 'get a break' or are penalized by co-workers. The purpose of the present study was to examine co-workers' reactions to individuals who experience WFC. Based on sex role theory and attribution theory, it was predicted that women, people who experience family interference with work, and those who have more control over the work interference would be helped less and evaluated more poorly on a team task than men, people who experience non-family related work interference, and those who have less control over the work interference. A laboratory experiment was conducted in which participants signed up for a team-based study. The teammate was a confederate who was late for the study. Teammate control over the tardiness (unexpected physician's visit versus forgotten physician's appointment), type of work conflict (self- versus family-related), and gender of the teammate were manipulated. After learning about the reasons for the tardiness of their teammate, the 218 participants (63% female; 59% Caucasian) decided whether to help the late teammate by completing a word sort task for them or letting the late teammate make up the work after the experiment. When the teammate arrived, the participants completed a team task and then evaluated the task performance of their teammate. None of the hypotheses were confirmed in this study. However, exploratory analyses showed that people who had more control over the tardiness were rated lower than people who had less control over the tardiness. Contrary to expectations, exploratory analyses also showed that men rated women who were late to the study for a family-related reason higher than women who were late due to a self-related reason. These findings suggest that male co-workers may give women a break when they experience family interference with work. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

Among the general Asian-American population, 18 to 25-year-old Asian-Americans and U.S. born Asian-American women have been found to have particularly high rates of suicidal ideation. An important risk factor for suicidal ideation in this population is parenting style/family conflict. Asian-Americans who are the children of immigrants, as opposed to White-Americans and non-American Asians, are often exposed to two different cultures and parenting styles. Researchers have suggested that this leads to a “fractured identity” and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). This study examined STBs in 18 to 25-year-old East Asian-American women. Depression and borderline personality disorder (BPD) severity were examined as mediating variables between family conflict and STBs. East Asian-American women (Asian-Americans) were compared to East Asian international students (Asians) and non-Hispanic/Latino whites (Caucasians). The study aimed to (1) compare the prevalence and severity of STBs, depression, and BPD across ethnic groups, (2) evaluate whether there were cultural differences in the measurement properties of the depression and BPD measures, and (3) compare parenting styles/family conflict and hypothesized pathways to suicidal ideation across groups. Data were collected through an online survey (N = 1,455). Asian-Americans and Caucasians reported similar prevalence of suicidal thoughts and similar depression, BPD, and suicidal ideation severity. There were cultural differences in the measurement properties of several items on the depression and BPD measures. In the serial mediation analysis, the path from ethnic group to family conflict to depression and BPD severity to suicidal ideation severity indicated that Asian-Americans have the most suicidal ideation through this pathway. In the moderated mediation analysis, the indirect effect of family conflict on suicidal ideation through depression and BPD was strongest in Caucasians, followed by Asian-Americans, and then Asians. These results can be reconciled given that Asian-Americans had the most family conflict and resulting suicidal ideation, but the effect of family conflict itself on suicidal ideation was strongest in Caucasians. This study indicates that the prevalence of STBs is higher in young Asian-American women than previously established rates in the general Asian-American population and that family conflict is associated with increased depression, BPD, and suicidal ideation severity.