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This study explored the contents of stereotypes of women who choose to breastfeed, and how these stereotype attributes differ between men and women. Undergraduate students participated in exchange for modest course credit by completing a series of questionnaires either in-class or via the Internet. All participants completed several questionnaires, including a social behavior inventory, a measure of attitudes toward and embarrassment related to breastfeeding, and a questionnaire designed to assess knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding. Analysis on 147 participants (60 men and 87 women) utilized Mann-Whitney U tests to compare responses of men and women. Men associated fewer positive and significantly more negative personality traits with women who breastfeed compared to women who do not breastfeed. Women tended to attribute characteristics related to morality (e.g., church-going, conscientious) to women who breastfeed, while men attributed significantly more characteristics related to attractiveness and sexuality (e.g., good physical shape, promiscuous) to women who breastfeed.

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Sexual and gender minorities experience disparities in mental and physical health often attributed to structural discrimination through policies that do not promote equal rights and interpersonal–intrapersonal processes. Social issues research on stigma and intergroup relations can explicate the intervening processes that explain health. In this introduction to the special issue entitled Translating Stigma and Intergroup Relations Research to Explain and Reduce Sexual and Gender Minority Health Disparities, we call social issues researchers to focus their work on sexual and gender minority stigma and intergroup relations processes in order to understand and ultimately reduce health disparities.